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From Biomarkers to Breakthroughs: Advancing Lung Cancer Research
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From Biomarkers to Breakthroughs: Advancing Lung Cancer Research

A special issue of Journal of Personalized Medicine (ISSN 2075-4426). This special issue belongs to the section "Disease Biomarkers".

Deadline for manuscript submissions: 31 December 2026 | Viewed by 605

Special Issue Editors

Prof. Dr. Konstantinos Syrigos

E-Mail Website
Guest Editor
Third Department of Internal Medicine, Sotiria Hospital, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, School of Medicine, 11527 Athens, Greece
Interests: cancer; lung cancer; immunotherapy; immune-related adverse events
Special Issues, Collections and Topics in MDPI journals
Dr. Georgios Evangelou

E-Mail Website
Guest Editor Assistant
3rd Department of Medicine, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, Mesogeion 152, 11527 Athens, Greece
Interests: lung cancer; neuroendocrine tumors; neuroendocrine carcinomas; gastrointestinal cancers

Special Issue Information

Dear Colleagues,

Lung cancer remains the leading cause of cancer-related mortality worldwide, with significant unmet clinical needs across diagnosis, prognosis, and treatment. Over the past few decades, substantial advances have been made in identifying molecular biomarkers, paving the way for more personalized and targeted therapeutic approaches.

This Special Issue, entitled “From Biomarkers to Breakthroughs: Advancing Lung Cancer Research,” aims to bring together cutting-edge research and clinical insights that span the continuum from biomarker discovery to translational applications. We invite contributions that explore novel diagnostic markers, predictive and prognostic tools, molecular targets, and resistance mechanisms in both non-small cell and small cell lung cancer.

Original research articles, comprehensive reviews, and real-world data analyses are welcome, particularly those that highlight multidisciplinary strategies, integrate omics data, or examine patient-centered approaches to precision oncology. Our goal is to foster a deeper understanding of the molecular underpinnings of lung cancer and support the ongoing evolution of individualized patient care.

We look forward to your contributions to this timely and impactful collection.

Prof. Dr. Konstantinos Syrigos
Guest Editor

Dr. Georgios Evangelou
Guest Editor Assistant

Manuscript Submission Information

Manuscripts should be submitted online at www.mdpi.com by registering and logging in to this website. Once you are registered, click here to go to the submission form. Manuscripts can be submitted until the deadline. All submissions that pass pre-check are peer-reviewed. Accepted papers will be published continuously in the journal (as soon as accepted) and will be listed together on the special issue website. Research articles, review articles as well as short communications are invited. For planned papers, a title and short abstract (about 250 words) can be sent to the Editorial Office for assessment.

Submitted manuscripts should not have been published previously, nor be under consideration for publication elsewhere (except conference proceedings papers). All manuscripts are thoroughly refereed through a single-blind peer-review process. A guide for authors and other relevant information for submission of manuscripts is available on the Instructions for Authors page. Journal of Personalized Medicine is an international peer-reviewed open access monthly journal published by MDPI.

Please visit the Instructions for Authors page before submitting a manuscript. The Article Processing Charge (APC) for publication in this open access journal is 2600 CHF (Swiss Francs). Submitted papers should be well formatted and use good English. Authors may use MDPI's English editing service prior to publication or during author revisions.

Keywords

  • lung cancer
  • biomarkers
  • personalized medicine
  • molecular diagnostics
  • targeted therapy
  • non-small cell lung cancer
  • small cell lung cancer
  • resistance mechanisms
  • translational research
  • precision oncology

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Published Papers (1 paper)

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Research

13 pages, 776 KB  
Article
Soluble Isoforms of PD-1 and PD-L1 in Non-Small Cell Lung Cancer: Correlation with Tumor Stage, Longitudinal Analysis and Prognostic Implications
by Konstantinos Vachlas, Dimitra Grapsa, Stylianos Gaitanakis, Anna Papadopoulou, Paraskevi Moutsatsou, Nikolaos Syrigos and Ioannis P. Trontzas
J. Pers. Med. 2026, 16(4), 203; https://doi.org/10.3390/jpm16040203 - 4 Apr 2026
Viewed by 277
Abstract
Background: Soluble immune checkpoint molecules, including soluble PD-1 (sPD-1) and soluble PD-L1 (sPD-L1), have emerged as potential minimally invasive biomarkers in non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC). However, their diagnostic, kinetic, and prognostic significance across different disease settings remains unclear. This prospective study evaluated [...] Read more.
Background: Soluble immune checkpoint molecules, including soluble PD-1 (sPD-1) and soluble PD-L1 (sPD-L1), have emerged as potential minimally invasive biomarkers in non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC). However, their diagnostic, kinetic, and prognostic significance across different disease settings remains unclear. This prospective study evaluated baseline levels, longitudinal fluctuations, and clinical associations of sPD-1 and sPD-L1 in early- and advanced-stage NSCLC. Methods: Three cohorts were prospectively enrolled: early-stage NSCLC patients undergoing curative surgery (n = 25), advanced-stage NSCLC patients receiving pembrolizumab-based immunotherapy (n = 55), and non-oncological controls (n = 16). Serum sPD-1 and sPD-L1 were measured by ELISA at baseline and at four months post-surgery (early stage) or six months post-treatment (advanced stage). Baseline comparisons, longitudinal changes, correlation with tumor PD-L1 expression (TPS), and associations with recurrence (early stage) or 6-month objective response (advanced stage) were assessed. Results: Baseline sPD-1 and sPD-L1 levels did not differ significantly among controls, early-stage, and advanced-stage cohorts. In early-stage patients, sPD-L1 increased post-operatively (p = 0.006) while sPD-1 decreased (p < 0.001). In advanced-stage disease, sPD-1 declined during immunotherapy (p < 0.001), whereas sPD-L1 remained unchanged (p = 0.37). Baseline levels and continuous percent changes were not predictive of most outcomes. However, a ≥20% postoperative increase in sPD-L1 was strongly associated with recurrence in early-stage NSCLC (OR = 10.29; 95% CI: 1.40–215.20; p = 0.019). No sPD-1/PD-L1 metric predicted response in advanced disease. Baseline sPD-L1 showed no correlation with tumor PD-L1 expression (ρ = −0.09, p = 0.53) in the advanced-stage cohort. Conclusions: sPD-1 and sPD-L1 demonstrate distinct kinetic patterns across NSCLC settings. A postoperative >20% surge in sPD-L1 may identify early-stage patients at elevated risk of recurrence, whereas soluble checkpoints were not predictive of treatment response in advanced disease. These findings support further investigation of soluble checkpoint dynamics as complementary biomarkers in NSCLC management in larger cohorts. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue From Biomarkers to Breakthroughs: Advancing Lung Cancer Research)
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