Personalized Medicine in Interventional Cardiology and Cardiac Surgery

Dear Colleagues,

The discovery of new techniques in interventional cardiology and the creation of new dedicated tools have allowed a personalized path in cardiovascular medicine to embroider a diagnostic-therapeutic offer on the individual characteristics of the patients. In coronary pathologies, coronary catheterization allows the characterization of atherosclerotic plaques and other coronary pathologies from a functional and hemodynamic point of view. The use of tools dedicated to the detection of trans-stenotic pressure gradients allows the operator to obtain invasive measurements for the evaluation of hemodynamic criticality such as: instantaneous wave free ratio (iFR) and fractional flow reserve (FFR). Intravascular ultrasound (IVUS) and optical coherence tomography (OCT) are intravascular imaging technologies, used in the cardiac catheterization laboratory for characterizing coronary pathology and optimizing the acute and longer-term clinical impact of percutaneous coronary intervention. Interventional cardiology has expanded its evidence into structural pathologies such: closure of interatrial and interventrciular defects and Patent Foramen Ovale (PFO), closure of the atrial appendage, and in valvular diseases and congenital heart disease of adult. In valvular pathologies, catheterization imposes itself as an alternative to heart surgery, depending on the clinical, anatomical characteristics and the operative risk. Transcatheter Aortic Valve Implantation (TAVI) interventions for the correction of aortic valve pathology, MITRACLIP for mitral regurgitation, Triclip for tricuspid regurgitation are low-risk interventions compared to traditional surgical techniques and offer the possibility of correction of valvular diseases and clinical improvement even in elderly patients or patients suffering from multiple pathologies.

In this Special Issue, we welcome original research and review articles regarding interventional cardiology and other personalized interventional therapies for cardiovascular diseases.

Dr. Vincenzo Sucato
Guest Editor

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