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Marine CFD: From Resistance Prediction to Environmental Innovation
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Marine CFD: From Resistance Prediction to Environmental Innovation

A special issue of Journal of Marine Science and Engineering (ISSN 2077-1312). This special issue belongs to the section "Ocean Engineering".

Deadline for manuscript submissions: 10 January 2026 | Viewed by 1586

Special Issue Editor

Dr. Soonseok Song

E-Mail Website
Guest Editor
Department of Naval Architecture & Ocean Engineering, College of Engineering, Inha University, Incheon 22212, Republic of Korea
Interests: ship hydrodynamics; ocean renewable energy; computational fluid dynamics (CFD)
Special Issues, Collections and Topics in MDPI journals

Special Issue Information

Dear Colleagues,

This Special Issue focuses on numerical methods advancing cleaner marine technologies, encompassing both marine vessels and ocean renewable energy systems. Modern computational techniques, from potential flow theories to high-fidelity CFD, have become essential tools for developing environmentally sustainable marine solutions.

The scope of this Special Issue includes the following:

  • Numerical methods in ship design and optimization;
  • Seakeeping and manoeuvring prediction;
  • Marine renewable energy devices;
  • Potential flow and panel methods;
  • Computational fluid dynamics;
  • Fluid–structure interaction;
  • Hybrid numerical approaches;
  • Energy efficiency analysis;
  • Environmental impact assessment;
  • Performance prediction methods;
  • Experimental validation studies.

We welcome original research papers demonstrating innovative numerical approaches that contribute to environmental sustainability in marine applications. Both fundamental research and industry-focused case studies are encouraged.

Dr. Soonseok Song
Guest Editor

Manuscript Submission Information

Manuscripts should be submitted online at www.mdpi.com by registering and logging in to this website. Once you are registered, click here to go to the submission form. Manuscripts can be submitted until the deadline. All submissions that pass pre-check are peer-reviewed. Accepted papers will be published continuously in the journal (as soon as accepted) and will be listed together on the special issue website. Research articles, review articles as well as short communications are invited. For planned papers, a title and short abstract (about 100 words) can be sent to the Editorial Office for announcement on this website.

Submitted manuscripts should not have been published previously, nor be under consideration for publication elsewhere (except conference proceedings papers). All manuscripts are thoroughly refereed through a single-blind peer-review process. A guide for authors and other relevant information for submission of manuscripts is available on the Instructions for Authors page. Journal of Marine Science and Engineering is an international peer-reviewed open access monthly journal published by MDPI.

Please visit the Instructions for Authors page before submitting a manuscript. The Article Processing Charge (APC) for publication in this open access journal is 2600 CHF (Swiss Francs). Submitted papers should be well formatted and use good English. Authors may use MDPI's English editing service prior to publication or during author revisions.

Keywords

  • numerical methods
  • marine hydrodynamics
  • ship performance
  • ocean renewable energy
  • computational fluid dynamics
  • marine environment

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Further information on MDPI's Special Issue policies can be found here.

Published Papers (3 papers)

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Research

26 pages, 5991 KB  
Article
Development of a Systematic Method for Tuning PID Control Gains in Free-Running Ship Simulations
by Jae-Hyeon An, Hwi-Su Kim and Kwang-Jun Paik
J. Mar. Sci. Eng. 2025, 13(9), 1813; https://doi.org/10.3390/jmse13091813 - 19 Sep 2025
Viewed by 175
Abstract
In free-running ship simulations, PID control gains for rudder and propeller revolution are often selected based on empirical experience without a standardized procedure, leading to inconsistent results under varying operational conditions. This study examined PID control gains by implementing a simulation framework using [...] Read more.
In free-running ship simulations, PID control gains for rudder and propeller revolution are often selected based on empirical experience without a standardized procedure, leading to inconsistent results under varying operational conditions. This study examined PID control gains by implementing a simulation framework using STAR-CCM+. The Ziegler–Nichols tuning method was applied to derive control gains, and their behavior was analyzed across different wave conditions (calm, short, medium, and long waves), PID period condition, ship speeds (low and design speeds), and scale ratios. The simulations showed that the PID gains derived under moderate wave conditions provided stable and reliable control performance across various sea states. Furthermore, the influence of scale ratio changes on the control performance was evaluated, and a non-dimensional scaling formula for PID coefficients was proposed to enhance applicability across different model sizes. Validation against experimental data confirmed the reliability of the simulation setup. These findings offer a systematic guideline for selecting the PID control gains for free-running simulations, promoting improved accuracy and stability under diverse environmental and operational conditions. This research contributes to developing standardized practices for maneuvering performance evaluations in realistic maritime environments. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Marine CFD: From Resistance Prediction to Environmental Innovation)
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20 pages, 10009 KB  
Article
Analysis of the Impact of Curvature Correction Factor fc on the Flow Past a Two-Dimensional Bluff Body
by Yuan Sun, Yanfang Liu, Shaobo Li, Shuo Li and Zhiqiang Hu
J. Mar. Sci. Eng. 2025, 13(9), 1650; https://doi.org/10.3390/jmse13091650 - 28 Aug 2025
Viewed by 415
Abstract
This paper presents an improved k-ω SST turbulence model to enhance the simulation accuracy of Bluff Body Bypassing Problems (BBBPs) within the Reynolds-Averaged Navier–Stokes (RANS) framework. Although RANS methods are computationally efficient, they are limited in resolving instantaneous turbulent fluctuations, which often results [...] Read more.
This paper presents an improved k-ω SST turbulence model to enhance the simulation accuracy of Bluff Body Bypassing Problems (BBBPs) within the Reynolds-Averaged Navier–Stokes (RANS) framework. Although RANS methods are computationally efficient, they are limited in resolving instantaneous turbulent fluctuations, which often results in significant errors when predicting turbulent kinetic energy variations in complex flows. To address this, a curvature correction factor (fc) is introduced into the production term (Pk) of the turbulent kinetic energy equation. This factor is derived from the local fluid rotational rate, enabling the model to better account for streamline curvature effects and unsteady vortex dynamics. The modified model, along with the baseline k-ω SST formulation, is applied to two-dimensional (2D) square column flow cases. Numerical results show that the corrected model significantly improves predictive accuracy, reducing the error in the time-averaged drag coefficient (CD) from 24% to 8.3%, thereby demonstrating its effectiveness in capturing key flow characteristics around bluff bodies. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Marine CFD: From Resistance Prediction to Environmental Innovation)
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16 pages, 4447 KB  
Article
Evaluation of Free-Surface Exposure Effects on Tidal Turbine Performance Using CFD
by Gyeongseo Min, Wooseok Choi, Haechan Yun, Younguk Do, Kangmin Kim, Weichao Shi, Saishuai Dai, Daejeong Kim and Soonseok Song
J. Mar. Sci. Eng. 2025, 13(8), 1589; https://doi.org/10.3390/jmse13081589 - 19 Aug 2025
Cited by 1 | Viewed by 497
Abstract
Tidal turbines represent a promising renewable energy source, generating power from ocean currents. However, due to tidal range variations, they sometimes become partially exposed to the free surface. When this occurs, the turbine experiences reduced power generation and unsteady torque caused by the [...] Read more.
Tidal turbines represent a promising renewable energy source, generating power from ocean currents. However, due to tidal range variations, they sometimes become partially exposed to the free surface. When this occurs, the turbine experiences reduced power generation and unsteady torque caused by the asymmetric flow. Such conditions can lead to long-term degradation of turbine performance and reliability. From this perspective, a key question arises regarding how significantly power generation differs when turbines are exposed to the free surface. This study was conducted with the objective of quantitatively evaluating the differences in power generation and torque acting on the turbine due to free-surface exposure, in order to address this question. Numerical simulations considering free-surface exposure effects were developed to quantitatively assess these phenomena through Computational Fluid Dynamics (CFD). Additionally, this numerical model was validated by comparison against experimental data and verified by convergence tests. The results revealed that the tidal turbine exhibited power generation differences ranging from a maximum of 45% to a minimum of 0.44%, depending on the degree of free-surface exposure. These findings are expected to serve as valuable indicators for power generation when operating tidal turbines. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Marine CFD: From Resistance Prediction to Environmental Innovation)
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