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Open AccessArticle

Sensitivity Analysis of Ship Manoeuvring Mathematical Models

by

P. Pires da Silva

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Serge Sutulo

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C. Guedes Soares

J. Mar. Sci. Eng. 2023, 11(2), 416; https://doi.org/10.3390/jmse11020416 - 14 Feb 2023

Viewed by 592

Abstract

Sensitivity analysis is applied to ship manoeuvring mathematical models as a means of dealing with model uncertainties, and often leads to model simplifications. A rather standard 3DOF manoeuvring model was tuned with the available results of full-scale trials of a naval combatant and [...] Read more.

Sensitivity analysis is applied to ship manoeuvring mathematical models as a means of dealing with model uncertainties, and often leads to model simplifications. A rather standard 3DOF manoeuvring model was tuned with the available results of full-scale trials of a naval combatant and was further used as the reference model for sensitivity analysis. The present research was based on multiple perturbed simulations of the turning, zigzag and spiral manoeuvres. A salient feature of the present study is that the perturbations were applied to the total hydrodynamic forces and moments as well as separately to their characteristic parts, i.e., to the linear and nonlinear single-variable and coupled components. Another special feature is that the deviations of the perturbated responses were estimated not only considering the standard manoeuvring performance indices, but also through application of the Euclidean metric directly to the time histories and to the spiral curve. The performed analysis permitted the sensitivity of the model to be traced to various parameters and groups thereof. It was established that the highest sensitivity of the model was to linear and some nonlinear multivariable parameters, and the Euclidean metric permitted a more detailed analysis than that based only on standard discrete manoeuvring indices. The obtained results are expected to be useful in the application of system identification methods to typical inherently stable fast surface-displacement ships. Full article

(This article belongs to the Special Issue Selected Papers from MARTECH 2022, the 6th International Conference on Maritime Technology and Engineering)

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Open AccessArticle

Developments and Applications of Green and Intelligent Inland Vessels in China

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J. Mar. Sci. Eng. 2023, 11(2), 318; https://doi.org/10.3390/jmse11020318 - 02 Feb 2023

Viewed by 559

Abstract

To provide a reference for practical applications of green and intelligent inland vessels, this paper summarizes the development status and five key technologies of green intelligent inland vessels in China. Green and intelligent inland vessels will be used for demonstration and application verification. [...] Read more.

To provide a reference for practical applications of green and intelligent inland vessels, this paper summarizes the development status and five key technologies of green intelligent inland vessels in China. Green and intelligent inland vessels will be used for demonstration and application verification. The application of key technologies in green, intelligent, and formation navigation is expounded. Finally, five tasks for developing the “New Generation of Waterborne Transportation” systems are proposed. Full article

(This article belongs to the Special Issue Selected Papers from MARTECH 2022, the 6th International Conference on Maritime Technology and Engineering)

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Open AccessArticle

Preliminary Analysis on the Hydrostatic Stability of a Self-Aligning Floating Offshore Wind Turbine

by

Diane Scicluna

,

Claire De Marco Muscat-Fenech

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Tonio Sant

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Giuliano Vernengo

and

Tahsin Tezdogan

J. Mar. Sci. Eng. 2022, 10(12), 2017; https://doi.org/10.3390/jmse10122017 - 16 Dec 2022

Viewed by 780

Abstract

There exist vast areas of offshore wind resources with water depths greater than 100 m that require floating structures. This paper provides a detailed analysis on the hydrostatic stability characteristics of a novel floating wind turbine concept. The preliminary design supports an 8 [...] Read more.

There exist vast areas of offshore wind resources with water depths greater than 100 m that require floating structures. This paper provides a detailed analysis on the hydrostatic stability characteristics of a novel floating wind turbine concept. The preliminary design supports an 8 MW horizontal-axis wind turbine with a custom self-aligning single-point mooring (SPM) floater, which is to be constructed within the existing shipyard facilities in the Maltese Islands, located in the Central Mediterranean Sea. The theoretical hydrostatic stability calculations used to find the parameters to create the model are validated using SESAM^®. The hydrostatic stability analysis is carried out for different ballast capacities whilst also considering the maximum axial thrust induced by the rotor during operation. The results show that the entire floating structure exhibits hydrostatic stability characteristics for both the heeling and pitching axes that comply with the requirements set by the DNV ST-0119 standard. Numerical simulations using partial ballast are also presented. Full article

(This article belongs to the Special Issue Selected Papers from MARTECH 2022, the 6th International Conference on Maritime Technology and Engineering)

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Open AccessArticle

Assessment of Ship Fuel Consumption for Different Hull Roughness in Realistic Weather Conditions

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J. Mar. Sci. Eng. 2022, 10(12), 1891; https://doi.org/10.3390/jmse10121891 - 04 Dec 2022

Viewed by 1073

Abstract

This paper presents the effect of hull roughness over 10 years of operation on ship performance. The numerical model is developed by coupling NavCad and Matlab to perform the computation and the data processing. On the basis of a given hull, an engine, [...] Read more.

This paper presents the effect of hull roughness over 10 years of operation on ship performance. The numerical model is developed by coupling NavCad and Matlab to perform the computation and the data processing. On the basis of a given hull, an engine, and an optimized propeller, the performance of the ship is computed for eight cases of hull roughness according to the ITTC recommendations in both calm waters and different weather conditions along the ship route. The effect of both wind and waves is considered for computing the added ship resistance along the route, thus requiring more power than just only the added resistance in waves. This provides a more accurate estimation of the ship’s performance along the different sea states. Lastly, a weighted average of the main ship parameters is estimated to evaluate better the ship’s performance. According to this study, the fuel consumption in calm water can be increased by around 20% after 10 years of ship operation based on the level of hull roughness. However, in the same weather conditions along the ship route, the ship’s fuel consumption can be increased by 10% compared to the same trip with a clean hull. Full article

(This article belongs to the Special Issue Selected Papers from MARTECH 2022, the 6th International Conference on Maritime Technology and Engineering)

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Open AccessArticle

Feasibility Analysis of the Effects of Scrubber Installation on Ships

by

Çağlar Karatuğ

,

Yasin Arslanoğlu

and

C. Guedes Soares

J. Mar. Sci. Eng. 2022, 10(12), 1838; https://doi.org/10.3390/jmse10121838 - 30 Nov 2022

Viewed by 747

Abstract

A feasibility analysis was conducted on a crude oil tanker. Differences in power generation and fuel consumption of the diesel generators based on the noon report of the specified marine vessel were analyzed for similar periods before and after the scrubber application. Accordingly, [...] Read more.

A feasibility analysis was conducted on a crude oil tanker. Differences in power generation and fuel consumption of the diesel generators based on the noon report of the specified marine vessel were analyzed for similar periods before and after the scrubber application. Accordingly, the changes in releasing amounts of emissions were calculated. Then, a financial evaluation was realized with three economic indicators. As a result of the analysis performed, it is found that the power generation and fuel consumption realized by each diesel generator are increased after scrubber application. Nevertheless, its implementation on board may be considered acceptable in light of the economic findings. However, it has been determined that scrubber implementation causes an increase in all pollutants’ amounts except SO_X. Therefore, it contradicts the zero-emission ship target and decarbonization strategy stated by IMO. Full article

(This article belongs to the Special Issue Selected Papers from MARTECH 2022, the 6th International Conference on Maritime Technology and Engineering)

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Open AccessArticle

Experimental Investigation on Vibro-Acoustic Characteristics of Stiffened Plate Structures with Different Welding Parameters

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J. Mar. Sci. Eng. 2022, 10(12), 1832; https://doi.org/10.3390/jmse10121832 - 29 Nov 2022

Viewed by 531

Abstract

Varied welding process parameters result in different welding energy inputs and welding residual stresses, significantly impacting the vibro-acoustic characteristics. This work investigated the influence of different welding energy inputs on the vibro-acoustic characteristics of the stiffened plate structure. Several experiments on the stiffened [...] Read more.

Varied welding process parameters result in different welding energy inputs and welding residual stresses, significantly impacting the vibro-acoustic characteristics. This work investigated the influence of different welding energy inputs on the vibro-acoustic characteristics of the stiffened plate structure. Several experiments on the stiffened plate structure with different welding energy inputs were conducted regarding modal, underwater vibration, and acoustic radiation. The results revealed that welding energy input had the most significant impact on the first-order natural frequency, and the impact first becomes higher and subsequently decreases as welding energy input increases. The welding energy input had relatively little effect on the peak point distribution of vibration and acoustic radiation curves but could affect the peak point amplitude. With the increase in welding energy input, the overall vibration acceleration level and sound radiation level in each frequency band decreased and then increased. The best result was obtained when the welding energy input was 167 J/cm with a welding current of 200 A, a welding voltage of 25 V, and a welding speed of 3.02–3.06 mm/s. Based on construction technology, this research can provide some instructive insights for enhancing the acoustic stealth performance of ships and marine structures. Full article

(This article belongs to the Special Issue Selected Papers from MARTECH 2022, the 6th International Conference on Maritime Technology and Engineering)

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Open AccessArticle

Holistic Approach to Ship Design

by

Apostolos D. Papanikolaou

J. Mar. Sci. Eng. 2022, 10(11), 1717; https://doi.org/10.3390/jmse10111717 - 10 Nov 2022

Cited by 1 | Viewed by 676

Abstract

The recently completed Horizon 2020 European Research project—HOLISHIP—Holistic Optimization of Ship Design and Operation for Life Cycle (2016–2020) has developed suitable tools and software platforms which are necessary for the creation of innovative design solutions meeting the set low-emission strategic objectives. The present [...] Read more.

The recently completed Horizon 2020 European Research project—HOLISHIP—Holistic Optimization of Ship Design and Operation for Life Cycle (2016–2020) has developed suitable tools and software platforms which are necessary for the creation of innovative design solutions meeting the set low-emission strategic objectives. The present paper introduces an innovative, holistic approach to ship design and the development of integrated design software platforms and tools, which are used in practical applications. In the era of the 4th industrial revolution, this project sets out to substantially advance ship design via the introduction of a fully computerized, multi-disciplinary optimization approach to ship design and life-cycle operation. The approach enables the exploration of a huge design space in a relatively short time, as well as the distributed/multi-site working and the virtual reality testing; thus, it is a strong asset for the development of innovative maritime concepts in response to the needs of the 21st century. Full article

(This article belongs to the Special Issue Selected Papers from MARTECH 2022, the 6th International Conference on Maritime Technology and Engineering)

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Open AccessArticle

Fire Risk Assessment of a Ship’s Power System under the Conditions of an Engine Room Fire

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J. Mar. Sci. Eng. 2022, 10(11), 1658; https://doi.org/10.3390/jmse10111658 - 04 Nov 2022

Cited by 2 | Viewed by 573

Abstract

This paper presents a risk assessment method for a ship’s power system under the conditions of an engine room fire based on the expert comprehensive evaluation (ECE) method combined with the fuzzy fault tree analysis (FFTA) method. The composition of the main engine [...] Read more.

This paper presents a risk assessment method for a ship’s power system under the conditions of an engine room fire based on the expert comprehensive evaluation (ECE) method combined with the fuzzy fault tree analysis (FFTA) method. The composition of the main engine system in the engine room and the failure logic of each subsystem were analyzed, and the fuzzy fault tree of a ship engine room fire was constructed. The probability of system failure and the importance of basic events were calculated. The fire safety risk assessment model was established using the safety risk matrix. The risk assessment of a ship engine room fire was implemented. The results demonstrated that the fire frequency of the ship engine room was 5.232 × 10⁻⁶ h⁻¹. The fire risk of the main engine fuel system was the highest. Fuel leakages from diesel supply tanks and heavy fuel oil tanks are the main cause of accidents. The proposed method eliminated the influence of incomplete statistics in the risk assessment process and improved the accuracy and credibility of the reassessment results. Full article

(This article belongs to the Special Issue Selected Papers from MARTECH 2022, the 6th International Conference on Maritime Technology and Engineering)

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Open AccessArticle

Environmental Inefficiencies of Short Sea Shipping Vessels by Optimization Processes Based on Resistance Prediction Methods

by

Alba Matínez-López

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Héctor Rubén Díaz Ojeda

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Marcos Míguez González

and

África Marrero

J. Mar. Sci. Eng. 2022, 10(10), 1457; https://doi.org/10.3390/jmse10101457 - 09 Oct 2022

Viewed by 627

Abstract

Fulfilment of the progressive environmental normative involves a singular challenge for Short Sea Shipping (SSS), since it must maintain its competitiveness versus other transport alternatives. For this reason, over the last decade SSS vessels have been the subject of numerous analyses, in terms [...] Read more.

Fulfilment of the progressive environmental normative involves a singular challenge for Short Sea Shipping (SSS), since it must maintain its competitiveness versus other transport alternatives. For this reason, over the last decade SSS vessels have been the subject of numerous analyses, in terms of operative research, and optimizations, from the marine engineering standpoint. Despite widespread awareness about the impact of a vessel’s resistance on environmental performance, many of the previous analyses were based on resistance prediction methods with low accuracy levels. This fact necessarily involves deviations regarding the expected sustainability of vessels. This paper attempts to quantify (in monetary terms) the environmental consequences due to this low level of accuracy. To meet this aim, it analyzes the environmental performance of an SSS feeder vessel, which was obtained from an optimization process based on standard resistance prediction techniques, when its propulsion power requirements for sailing at optimized speed were assessed through the Reynolds Averaged Navier–Stokes method in Computational Fluid Dynamic simulations. The findings show that standard resistance prediction methods without consideration of hull shape must be avoided, not only in the optimization process, but also for operative research, especially in free sailing analysis. Full article

(This article belongs to the Special Issue Selected Papers from MARTECH 2022, the 6th International Conference on Maritime Technology and Engineering)

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Open AccessArticle

A Two-Stage Path Planning Algorithm Based on Rapid-Exploring Random Tree for Ships Navigating in Multi-Obstacle Water Areas Considering COLREGs

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J. Mar. Sci. Eng. 2022, 10(10), 1441; https://doi.org/10.3390/jmse10101441 - 06 Oct 2022

Viewed by 894

Abstract

A two-stage ship path planning method is proposed, based on the Rapid-exploring Random Tree (RRT) algorithm, which is composed of global path planning and local path planning, addressing the important problem of finding an economical and safe path from start to destination for [...] Read more.

A two-stage ship path planning method is proposed, based on the Rapid-exploring Random Tree (RRT) algorithm, which is composed of global path planning and local path planning, addressing the important problem of finding an economical and safe path from start to destination for ships under dynamic environment, especially in waters with multiple obstacles and multiple target ships. The global path planning takes into consideration the ship draft and Under Keel Clearance to find navigable water using RRT, and reduces the path length and waypoints based on elliptic sampling and smoothing. In the local path planning, a dynamic collision risk detection model is constructed by introducing the Quaternion Ship Domain under a dynamic environment, and the restrictions of ship manoeuvrability and COLREGs are also involved. The simulation results show that the proposed model can find a satisfactory path within a few iterations, and keep clear of both static obstacles and dynamic ships. The research can be used to make and verify planned ship routes before sailing and to guide officers to make decisions regarding collision avoidance. Full article

(This article belongs to the Special Issue Selected Papers from MARTECH 2022, the 6th International Conference on Maritime Technology and Engineering)

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