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New Trends in Biomaterials and Implants for Dentistry (2nd...
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New Trends in Biomaterials and Implants for Dentistry (2nd Edition)

A special issue of Journal of Functional Biomaterials (ISSN 2079-4983). This special issue belongs to the section "Dental Biomaterials".

Deadline for manuscript submissions: 31 May 2025 | Viewed by 4786

Special Issue Editor

Prof. Dr. Sergio Scombatti De Souza

E-Mail Website
Guest Editor
Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery and Periodontology, School of Dentistry of Ribeirao Preto, University of Sao Paulo, Ribeirao Preto 14040-904, SP, Brazil
Interests: bone substitutes; guided bone regeneration; implant surface; implant surgery; collagen matrix; periodontal regeneration
Special Issues, Collections and Topics in MDPI journals

Special Issue Information

Dear Colleagues,

Biomaterials and dental implants form part of a dental surgeon's arsenal of resources for the treatment and rehabilitation of atrophic bone ridges. The aim of this Special Issue is to present the current scenario of new trends in products, processes and techniques related to biomaterials and implants for use in dentistry. For this, we invite manuscripts that focus on a wide range of issues and concerns regarding the subject of the Special Issue, including, but not limited to, the following: bone substitutes, biologic modulators for bone and soft tissue regeneration, scaffolds, resorbable and non-resorbable membranes for guided bone and tissue regeneration, collagen matrices, implant surfaces, implant surgery, implant macrostructures and titanium mesh. In vitro, in vivo (animal) and clinical human studies will be accepted for evaluation, as well as systematic literature reviews that address the topic of this Special Issue.

Prof. Dr. Sergio Scombatti De Souza
Guest Editor

Manuscript Submission Information

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Submitted manuscripts should not have been published previously, nor be under consideration for publication elsewhere (except conference proceedings papers). All manuscripts are thoroughly refereed through a single-blind peer-review process. A guide for authors and other relevant information for submission of manuscripts is available on the Instructions for Authors page. Journal of Functional Biomaterials is an international peer-reviewed open access monthly journal published by MDPI.

Please visit the Instructions for Authors page before submitting a manuscript. The Article Processing Charge (APC) for publication in this open access journal is 2700 CHF (Swiss Francs). Submitted papers should be well formatted and use good English. Authors may use MDPI's English editing service prior to publication or during author revisions.

Keywords

  • bone substitutes
  • dental membranes
  • guided bone regeneration
  • bone graft
  • collagen matrix
  • implant surface
  • implant surgery
  • implant macrostructure
  • alveolar reconstruction

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Published Papers (4 papers)

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12 pages, 3312 KiB  
Article
Surface Micromorphology of Experimental Composites Doped with Bioactive Glass After Different Storage Times
by Leonardo Svellenti, Moritz Tanner, Andrea Gubler, Matej Par, Thomas Attin, Phoebe Burrer and Tobias T. Tauböck
J. Funct. Biomater. 2025, 16(4), 140; https://doi.org/10.3390/jfb16040140 - 14 Apr 2025
Viewed by 262
Abstract
Objective: To evaluate the surface micromorphology of bioactive glass-modified resin composite materials after storage in simulated body fluid for different periods of time and ultrasonic cleaning. Materials and methods: A resin composite material (Heliomolar Flow, Ivoclar Vivadent) was modified by incorporating 10 or [...] Read more.
Objective: To evaluate the surface micromorphology of bioactive glass-modified resin composite materials after storage in simulated body fluid for different periods of time and ultrasonic cleaning. Materials and methods: A resin composite material (Heliomolar Flow, Ivoclar Vivadent) was modified by incorporating 10 or 20 wt% of bioactive glass 45S5. The unmodified conventional composite (0 wt% bioactive glass) served as the control. Surface morphology of light-cured composite specimens was examined by profilometry both before and after storage in simulated body fluid (SBF; pH = 7.4, t = 37 °C) for 0, 3, 7, or 30 days, and surface roughness (Ra) was recorded. After storage, ultrasonic cleaning (UC) of the specimens was performed for 10 min in an ultrasonic bath filled with deionized water, and the profilometric measurements were subsequently repeated. In addition, the surfaces of specimens were examined by scanning electron microscopy (SEM). Results: Directly after specimen preparation, the Ra values of the composites modified with bioactive glass were similar to those of the conventional composite (0 wt% bioactive glass). A longer immersion in SBF and higher added concentrations of bioactive glass led to an increase in surface roughness. SEM examination revealed that precipitates were formed on the surfaces of specimens containing bioactive glass after exposure to SBF for at least 7 days. The density of these precipitates increased with exposure time and added bioactive glass content. After subsequent ultrasonic cleaning, a significant Ra reduction was observed for specimens containing 10 and 20 wt% bioactive glass and stored for 30 days (p < 0.001). For the resin composite material doped with 20 wt% bioactive glass particles, UC revealed a significant Ra reduction at all time points. Conclusion: The increase in the surface roughness of bioactive glass-modified composites after storage in SBF might be partly attributed to precipitate formation on their surfaces. After ultrasonic cleaning, surface roughness was still increased, indicating poorer surface quality compared to conventional composite. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue New Trends in Biomaterials and Implants for Dentistry (2nd Edition))
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16 pages, 5972 KiB  
Article
Sequential Bone Repair in Rabbit Sinus Lifts Using Bio-Oss and Hyaluronic Acid–Polynucleotide Gel (Regenfast)
by Nozomi Maniwa, Samuel Porfirio Xavier, Sergio Luis Scombatti de Souza, Erick Ricardo Silva, Daniele Botticelli, Kenzo Morinaga and Shunsuke Baba
J. Funct. Biomater. 2024, 15(12), 361; https://doi.org/10.3390/jfb15120361 - 28 Nov 2024
Viewed by 1109
Abstract
Background: A comprehensive investigation to associate the use of polynucleotides and hyaluronic acid with bovine bone in maxillary sinus lift procedures in rabbits has not been performed yet. The aim was to evaluate the influence of this novel association on the processes of [...] Read more.
Background: A comprehensive investigation to associate the use of polynucleotides and hyaluronic acid with bovine bone in maxillary sinus lift procedures in rabbits has not been performed yet. The aim was to evaluate the influence of this novel association on the processes of bone regeneration in maxillary sinus augmentation. Methods: In this prospective, randomized, within-animal model, maxillary sinus augmentation was performed bilaterally in 12 rabbits. Deproteinized bovine bone material (DBBM) was used as filler material. A hyaluronic acid–polynucleotide gel was aggregated at the test site. Histological evaluations were performed after 2 and 10 weeks of healing. Results: After 2 weeks of healing, similar amounts of new bone were observed at both the control (7.7 ± 4.3%) and test sites (8.1 ± 3.8%; p = 0.697). Bone formation was observed predominantly along the osteotomy margins and adjacent sinus walls. After 10 weeks of healing, the total new bone fraction reached 28.0 ± 10.1% at the control sites and 27.3 ± 10.5% at the test sites (p = 0.563). Multiple perforations of the sinus mucosa were observed in both groups when in contact with the biomaterial granules. Conclusion: The present study failed to demonstrate a positive effect on bone formation when incorporating hyaluronic acid–polynucleotide gel (Regenfast) into a xenograft for maxillary sinus augmentation. Additionally, the use of this gel did not mitigate the occurrence of thinned mucosa or reduce the risk of subsequent sinus mucosa perforation. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue New Trends in Biomaterials and Implants for Dentistry (2nd Edition))
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14 pages, 5642 KiB  
Article
Comparison between Conventional and Digital Workflow in Implant Prosthetic Rehabilitation: A Randomized Controlled Trial
by Massimo Corsalini, Giuseppe Barile, Francesco Ranieri, Edvige Morea, Tommaso Corsalini, Saverio Capodiferro and Rosario Roberto Palumbo
J. Funct. Biomater. 2024, 15(6), 149; https://doi.org/10.3390/jfb15060149 - 31 May 2024
Viewed by 2504
Abstract
The progress of digital technologies in dental prosthodontics is fast and increasingly accurate, allowing practitioners to simplify their daily work. These technologies aim to substitute conventional techniques progressively, but their real efficiency and predictability are still under debate. Many systematic reviews emphasize the [...] Read more.
The progress of digital technologies in dental prosthodontics is fast and increasingly accurate, allowing practitioners to simplify their daily work. These technologies aim to substitute conventional techniques progressively, but their real efficiency and predictability are still under debate. Many systematic reviews emphasize the lack of clinical RCTs that compare digital and traditional workflow. To address this evidence, we conducted a three-arm designed clinical RCT, which compares fully digital, combined digital, and analogic and fully analog workflows. We aimed to compare the clinical properties of each workflow regarding interproximal (IC) and occlusal contact (OC), marginal fit, impression time (IT), and patient satisfaction through a VAS scale. In total, 72 patients were included in the study. The IC and OC of the digital workflow were better than the others (p < 0.001), which obtained similar results. No difference between implant–abutment fit was observed (p = 0.5966). The IT was shorter in the digital workflow than the others (p < 0.001), which were similar. Patient satisfaction was higher in the digital workflow than in the conventional one. Despite the limitations, this study’s results support better accuracy and patient tolerance of digital workflow than of conventional techniques, suggesting it as a viable alternative to the latter when performed by clinicians experienced in digital dentistry. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue New Trends in Biomaterials and Implants for Dentistry (2nd Edition))
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28 pages, 1104 KiB  
Systematic Review
Orthodontic Ceramic Bracket Removal Using Lasers: A Systematic Review
by Mateusz Michalak, Sylwia Kiryk, Agnieszka Kotela, Kamila Wiśniewska, Jan Kiryk, Jacek Zbigniew Zborowski, Jacek Matys and Maciej Dobrzyński
J. Funct. Biomater. 2025, 16(4), 123; https://doi.org/10.3390/jfb16040123 - 1 Apr 2025
Viewed by 422
Abstract
Objective: The aim of this systematic review was to evaluate the effectiveness and safety of various laser systems for debonding ceramic orthodontic brackets compared to conventional mechanical removal methods. The primary outcomes assessed included enamel damage, pulp temperature changes, adhesive remnant index (ARI), [...] Read more.
Objective: The aim of this systematic review was to evaluate the effectiveness and safety of various laser systems for debonding ceramic orthodontic brackets compared to conventional mechanical removal methods. The primary outcomes assessed included enamel damage, pulp temperature changes, adhesive remnant index (ARI), and shear bond strength (SBS). Materials and Methods: A systematic search was conducted in November 2024 across the PubMed, Scopus, and Web of Science (WoS) databases following PRISMA guidelines. The initial search yielded 453 records, of which 41 studies met the inclusion criteria for qualitative and quantitative analysis. The risk of bias was assessed using a standardized scoring system, and only studies with accessible full texts were included. Results: The review highlighted significant heterogeneity in laser parameters, measurement protocols, and study methodologies. Among the evaluated lasers, CO2 and Er:YAG were the most frequently studied and demonstrated high efficacy in debonding ceramic brackets while maintaining enamel integrity. Sixteen studies assessing SBS reported a reduction from baseline values of 13–23 MPa to clinically acceptable ranges of 7–12 MPa following laser application. ARI was analyzed in 25 studies, with laser-treated groups exhibiting higher scores (2–3), indicating safer debonding with more adhesive remaining on the tooth surface, thereby reducing enamel damage. Pulpal temperature increases were examined in 23 studies, revealing that most laser types, when used within optimal parameters, did not exceed the 5.5 °C threshold considered safe for pulpal health. However, diode and Tm:YAP lasers showed potential risks of overheating in some studies. Conclusions: Laser-assisted debonding of ceramic orthodontic brackets is an effective and safe technique when applied with appropriate laser parameters. CO2 and Er:YAG lasers were the most effective in reducing SBS while preserving enamel integrity. However, variations in laser settings, study methodologies, and the predominance of in vitro studies limit the ability to establish standardized clinical guidelines. Further randomized controlled trials (RCTs) are necessary to develop evidence-based protocols for safe and efficient laser-assisted bracket removal in orthodontic practice. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue New Trends in Biomaterials and Implants for Dentistry (2nd Edition))
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