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State of the Art in Liver Fibrosis
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State of the Art in Liver Fibrosis

A special issue of Journal of Clinical Medicine (ISSN 2077-0383). This special issue belongs to the section "Gastroenterology & Hepatopancreatobiliary Medicine".

Deadline for manuscript submissions: closed (15 December 2022) | Viewed by 4071

Special Issue Editor

Prof. Dr. Abdurrahman Sagir

E-Mail Website
Guest Editor
Medical Clinic II, BETHESDA Evangelical Hospital in Duisburg, Heerstr. 219, 47053 Duisburg, Germany
Interests: liver; fibrosis; elastography; viral hepatitis; therapy; ARFI

Special Issue Information

Dear Colleagues,

Chronic liver diseases are one of the major causes of illness and death worldwide and are a substantial public health issue. Hepatic fibrogenesis is the final result of injury to the liver independendent of the course of liver diasease. Chronic liver diseases, such as hepatitis B and C infection, chronic alcohol abuse, non-alcoholic steatohepatitis (NASH), cholestasis, and autoimmune hepatitis, can lead to liver fibrosis due to transient or persistent intrahepatic inflammation, and some eventually progress to liver fibrosis and liver cirrhosis. Fibrosis can lead to hepatic dysfunction, important in the pathogenesis of other chronic problems. Fibrogenesis is attributed to various types of cells, molecules, and pathways. Activated hepatic stellate cells (HSC), the primary source of extracellular matrix (ECM), are fundamental in the pathophysiology of fibrogenesis and are thus the most attractive target for reversing liver fibrosis. Liver biopsy is considered as the gold standard for assessing hepatic fibrosis or cirrhosis, which is assosiated with potentially life-threatening complications. Different noninvasive methods to detect liver fibrosis including serum biomarkers and radiologic techniques are well established. Elemination of the agent which leads to chronic liver diseases is the most important facility. Antifibrotic therapeutics approches are limited but promising. This Special Issue is focused on the pathogenesis, diagnosis, and treatment of liver fibrosis. 

Prof. Dr. Abdurrahman Sagir
Guest Editor

Manuscript Submission Information

Manuscripts should be submitted online at www.mdpi.com by registering and logging in to this website. Once you are registered, click here to go to the submission form. Manuscripts can be submitted until the deadline. All submissions that pass pre-check are peer-reviewed. Accepted papers will be published continuously in the journal (as soon as accepted) and will be listed together on the special issue website. Research articles, review articles as well as short communications are invited. For planned papers, a title and short abstract (about 100 words) can be sent to the Editorial Office for announcement on this website.

Submitted manuscripts should not have been published previously, nor be under consideration for publication elsewhere (except conference proceedings papers). All manuscripts are thoroughly refereed through a single-blind peer-review process. A guide for authors and other relevant information for submission of manuscripts is available on the Instructions for Authors page. Journal of Clinical Medicine is an international peer-reviewed open access semimonthly journal published by MDPI.

Please visit the Instructions for Authors page before submitting a manuscript. The Article Processing Charge (APC) for publication in this open access journal is 2600 CHF (Swiss Francs). Submitted papers should be well formatted and use good English. Authors may use MDPI's English editing service prior to publication or during author revisions.

Keywords

  • liver
  • biopsy
  • fibroscan
  • hepatitis
  • elastography
  • fibrogenesis
  • infammation
  • liver cirrhosis
  • chemokines in liver diseases
  • therapy
  • microbiome

Published Papers (2 papers)

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Research

14 pages, 4375 KiB  
Article
The Ultrastructure of Hepatic Stellate Cell–Macrophage Intercellular Crosstalk as a New Morphological Insight into Phenomenon of Fibrogenesis in Pediatric Autoimmune Hepatitis
by Joanna Maria Łotowska, Maria Elżbieta Sobaniec-Łotowska, Anna Bobrus-Chociej and Piotr Sobaniec
J. Clin. Med. 2023, 12(3), 1024; https://doi.org/10.3390/jcm12031024 - 28 Jan 2023
Viewed by 2035
Abstract
The aim of the study was the pioneering retrospective ultrastructural evaluation of respective forms of hepatic stellate cells (HSCs) and analysis of their crosstalk with other adjacent nonparenchymal cells (NPCs), especially Kupffer cells/macrophages (KCs/MPs), in pediatric autoimmune hepatitis (AIH). Methods: Ultrastructural assessment of [...] Read more.
The aim of the study was the pioneering retrospective ultrastructural evaluation of respective forms of hepatic stellate cells (HSCs) and analysis of their crosstalk with other adjacent nonparenchymal cells (NPCs), especially Kupffer cells/macrophages (KCs/MPs), in pediatric autoimmune hepatitis (AIH). Methods: Ultrastructural assessment of the HSC population and NPCs was performed in transmission electron microscopy (TEM) using pretreatment liver biopsies from 25 children (8 boys and 17 girls) aged 4–17 with clinic-pathologically diagnosed untreated AIH. Results: Submicroscopic evaluation allowed easy identification of numerous HSCs in the form of transitory cells, i.e., T-HSCs, accompanied by signs of fibrosis. T-HSCs included cells with features of activation initiation (iHSCs) and activation perpetuation (pHSCs), indicating high HSC activation plasticity. The pHSCs were markedly elongated and mainly showed a distinct loss of lipid cytoplasmic material, expanded and dilated channels of granular endoplasmic reticulum, and linear bundles of microfilaments beneath the cell membrane. They were surrounded by usually mature collagen fibers. Frequently activated KCs/MPs adhered directly to T-HSCs. Between them, tight intercellular junctions were formed by means of point desmosomes. Conclusions: Our qualitative TEM observations indicate a key role of T-HSCs in liver fibrogenesis in pediatric AIH, with the essential involvement of activated KCs/MPs that directly adhere to them. Tight intercellular junctions, being the ultrastructural exponent of the specific cellular mechanisms of the crosstalk between NPCs, can play a vital role in hepatic collagen fibroplasia. A better understanding of HSC population morphology at the ultrastructural level in AIH seems important not only to improve the disease morphological diagnostics but to also provide new insights into therapeutic interventions for the phenomenon of liver fibrogenesis. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue State of the Art in Liver Fibrosis)
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11 pages, 273 KiB  
Article
Liver Fibrosis and Hearing Loss in an Older Mediterranean Population: Results from the Salus in Apulia Study
by Rossella Tatoli, Sarah Tirelli, Luisa Lampignano, Fabio Castellana, Ilaria Bortone, Roberta Zupo, Giancarlo Sborgia, Madia Lozupone, Francesco Panza, Gianluigi Giannelli, Nicola Quaranta, Heiner Boeing and Rodolfo Sardone
J. Clin. Med. 2022, 11(23), 7213; https://doi.org/10.3390/jcm11237213 - 05 Dec 2022
Cited by 1 | Viewed by 1671
Abstract
Background: Aging is the main negative prognostic factor for various chronic diseases, such as liver fibrosis, and clinical disorders such as hearing loss. This study aimed to investigate the association between age-related hearing loss (ARHL) and age-related central auditory processing disorder (CAPD), and [...] Read more.
Background: Aging is the main negative prognostic factor for various chronic diseases, such as liver fibrosis, and clinical disorders such as hearing loss. This study aimed to investigate the association between age-related hearing loss (ARHL) and age-related central auditory processing disorder (CAPD), and the risk for liver fibrosis in a cross-sectional study on an aging population. Methods: Liver fibrosis risk was judged on the fibrosis-4 (FIB-4) score. Peripheral ARHL was evaluated with pure tone audiometry using a calibrated audiometer. The pure tone average (PTA), calculated as a threshold ≤ 40 dB (HL) in the better ear, was measured at the frequencies 0.5–4 kHz. For age-related CAPD assessment, we employed the Synthetic Sentence Identification with an Ipsilateral Competitive Message test (SSI-ICM). General linear Logistic regression models were used to estimate the association. Results: The increase in the PTA 0.5–2 kHz (coefficient: 0.02, SE: 0.01, CI 95%: 0.01 to 0.03) was directly associated with a higher risk of liver fibrosis (FIB-4 ≥ 2.67). Moreover, the reduction in SSI (coefficient: −0.02, SE: 0.01, CI 95%: −0.03 to −0.01) was inversely associated with FIB-4 values < 2.67. Conclusion: Our results show an association between liver fibrosis and both ARHL and CAPD, linked by the typical consequence of aging. We also assume a role of inflammatory responses and oxidative stress. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue State of the Art in Liver Fibrosis)
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