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Rehabilitation and Treatment of Post-COVID-19 Condition

A special issue of Journal of Clinical Medicine (ISSN 2077-0383). This special issue belongs to the section "Clinical Rehabilitation".

Deadline for manuscript submissions: 20 January 2026 | Viewed by 471

Special Issue Editor


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Guest Editor
1. Department of Clinical Sciences, Karolinska Institute, Danderyd University Hospital, 18288 Stockholm, Sweden
2. Multidisciplinary Pain Clinic, Capio St. Göran Hospital, 11219 Stockholm, Sweden
3. Department of Physical and Rehabilitation Medicine, Danderyd University Hospital, 18288 Stockholm, Sweden
Interests: fatigue; chronic pain; disability; myalgic encephalomyelitis/chronic fatigue syndrome; COVID-19
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Special Issue Information

Dear Colleagues,

In spring 2025, it will be 5 years since the SARS-CoV-2 pandemic started. It is difficult to forget March 2020, the start of something that was so unfamiliar at that time. The initial research on the acute disease stage was followed by papers on remaining symptoms, later named “post-COVID-19 condition” by WHO.

Many scientific journals published Special Issues on COVID and post-COVID, describing many aspects of the acute pathophysiology, multifaceted clinical picture, and the following symptoms in terms of the post-COVID-19 condition. Now, almost 5 years later, we hope that studies being conducted to treat and rehabilitate patients with the post-COVID-19 condition are still in the pipeline.

Therefore, this Special Issue aims to focus on both pharmacological and non-pharmacological interventions, which are important in the interdisciplinary management of the post-COVID-19 condition. For some patients, the symptoms become more persistent while others have recover. Some of the patients may develop a  condition called “myalgic encephalomyelitis/chronic fatigue syndrome (ME/CFS)”. ME/CFS patients suffer from post-exertional malaise and postural orthostatic tachycardia syndrome, both observed in cases of disabling post-COVID-19 condition. We argue that it is important to follow-up and share research worldwide. This will help us to prepare for challenging situations to come, if needed.

In this Special Issue, different types of original articles and reviews on the evolution and management of the post-COVID-19 condition are welcome. Research areas may include (but are not limited to) the following: long-lasting remaining symptoms and disability as a result of the post-COVID-19 condition; treatment and rehabilitation approaches, including digital ones; the impact on the quality of life; health literacy regarding the post-COVID-19 condition; and return to work.

Dr. Indre Bileviciute-Ljungar
Guest Editor

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Keywords

  • post-COVID-19 condition
  • myalgic encephalomyelitis/chronic fatigue syndrome (ME/CFS)
  • comorbidities
  • interdisciplinary
  • multimodal
  • digital medicine
  • rehabilitation
  • treatment
  • health-related quality of life
  • disability
  • return to work

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Published Papers (1 paper)

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Research

15 pages, 912 KB  
Article
A Structured Low-Intensity Home-Based Walking Program to Improve Physical and Mental Functioning After Hospitalization for Severe COVID-19: A Pragmatic Nonrandomized Controlled Trial
by Nicola Lamberti, Andrea Baroni, Giovanni Piva, Giulia Fregna, Nicola Schincaglia, Anna Crepaldi, Lorenzo Gamberini, Antonella Occhi, Sofia Straudi and Fabio Manfredini
J. Clin. Med. 2025, 14(19), 6938; https://doi.org/10.3390/jcm14196938 - 30 Sep 2025
Viewed by 309
Abstract
Background/Objectives: We aimed to test whether home-based low-intensity interval training (LIIT) could be equally or more effective than traditional continuous walking advice (TWA) in a population hospitalized and healed from severe COVID-19. Methods: This pragmatic nonrandomized controlled trial (NCT04615390) enrolled patients [...] Read more.
Background/Objectives: We aimed to test whether home-based low-intensity interval training (LIIT) could be equally or more effective than traditional continuous walking advice (TWA) in a population hospitalized and healed from severe COVID-19. Methods: This pragmatic nonrandomized controlled trial (NCT04615390) enrolled patients admitted to intensive care units due to COVID-19 who at discharge from the hospital were given a choice between either a home-based LIIT program or TWA. The former received a structured LIIT walking (1:1 walk:rest ratio per 10 times) to be performed at a prescribed progressively increasing speed maintained with a metronome. The latter received TWA according to the guidelines (30 min or moderate intensity activity, 5 days/week). Outcome measures, collected at baseline, at the end of the 3-month training and at the 6-month follow-up, included 6 min walking distance (primary), lower limb strength, quality of life, depression and cognitive status. Results: From a total of 85 enrolled patients, 69 of them (LIIT n = 32; TWA n = 37) completed the study. Home exercise was safely executed with an 82% adherence for the LIIT group and 64% adherence for TWA. After the 3-month program, both groups significantly improved the 6MWD (LIIT: +87 m vs. TWA +42 m; p < 0.001) with a significant difference that was also maintained at follow-up (LIIT: +138 m vs. TWA +69 m; p < 0.001). No other significant between-group differences were noted. However, patients in the LIIT group significantly improved in the majority of the outcomes, while patients of TWA improved in only the primary outcome and the physical component of quality of life. Conclusions: Compared with TWA, LIIT walking was feasible, safe and associated with more favorable multidimensional recovery in COVID-19 survivors after hospitalization for severe pneumonitis. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Rehabilitation and Treatment of Post-COVID-19 Condition)
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