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Recent Advances in Reconstructive Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery

A special issue of Journal of Clinical Medicine (ISSN 2077-0383). This special issue belongs to the section "General Surgery".

Deadline for manuscript submissions: 25 August 2025 | Viewed by 407

Special Issue Editor


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Guest Editor
Department of Biomedical and Dental Sciences and Morphofunctional Imaging, University of Messina, 98122 Messina, Italy
Interests: oral surgery; maxillofacial surgery; free flap; reconstructive surgery

Special Issue Information

Dear Colleagues,

Reconstruction within the head and neck is challenging. Defects can be anatomically complex and may already be compromised by scarring, inflammation, and infection. Tissue grafts and vascularised flaps (either pedicled or free) bring healthy tissue to a compromised wound for optimal healing and are the current gold standard for the repair of such defects. However, several disadvantages limit the availability of these procedures, for example, the difficulty in shaping the flap to fit the defect and, most importantly, donor site morbidity. In addition, the importance of aesthetics, besides function, has driven advances in the accuracy of surgical techniques.

Developments in navigation, three-dimensional imaging, stereolithographic models, and the use of custom-made implants can aid and improve the accuracy of existing reconstructive methods.

Furthermore, recent developments of artificial intelligence in clinical diagnosis, as well as in surgical planning, are certainly bringing considerable advances in oral and maxillofacial surgery.

The aim of this Special Issue is to discuss current advances in reconstruction within oral and maxillofacial surgery, and we are pleased to invite you to submit your valuable contributions for the scientific progress of this project.

Dr. Luciano Maria Catalfamo
Guest Editor

Manuscript Submission Information

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Keywords

  • oral surgery
  • maxillofacial surgery
  • new technologies
  • free flap
  • reconstructive surgery
  • artificial intelligence

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Published Papers (1 paper)

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Research

21 pages, 7907 KiB  
Article
Larger Vertical Ridge Augmentation: A Retrospective Multicenter Comparative Analysis of Seven Surgical Techniques
by Andreas Pabst, Abdulmonem Alshihri, Philipp Becker, Amely Hartmann, Diana Heimes, Eleni Kapogianni, Frank Kloss, Keyvan Sagheb, Markus Troeltzsch, Jochen Tunkel, Christian Walter and Peer W. Kämmerer
J. Clin. Med. 2025, 14(12), 4284; https://doi.org/10.3390/jcm14124284 - 16 Jun 2025
Viewed by 272
Abstract
Background: Vertical alveolar ridge augmentation (ARA) > 3 mm is associated with increased surgical complexity and higher complication rates. Despite the availability of various ARA techniques and graft materials, robust comparative clinical data remain limited. This retrospective multicenter study aimed to evaluate and [...] Read more.
Background: Vertical alveolar ridge augmentation (ARA) > 3 mm is associated with increased surgical complexity and higher complication rates. Despite the availability of various ARA techniques and graft materials, robust comparative clinical data remain limited. This retrospective multicenter study aimed to evaluate and compare surgical and patient-relevant outcomes across seven established vertical ARA techniques. Methods: This retrospective multicenter study included 70 cases of vertical ARA > 3 mm using seven different techniques (10 cases each): an iliac crest graft (ICG), intraoral autogenous bone block (IBB), allogeneic bone block (ABB), CAD/CAM ABB, CAD/CAM titanium mesh (CAD/CAM TM), magnesium scaffold (MS), and the allogeneic shell technique (ST). The outcome parameters included harvesting and insertion time, bone gain (vertical and horizontal, after a minimum of one year), graft resorption (after one year), donor site morbidity, dehiscence rate, need for material removal, and biological and general financial costs. Results: Harvesting time significantly varied among the different ARA techniques (p = 0.0025), with the longest mean durations in ICGs (51.6 ± 5.8 min) and IBBs (36.5 ± 10.8 min), and no harvesting was required for the other techniques. Insertion times also significantly differed between the different ARA techniques (p < 0.0001) and were longest in IBBs (50.1 ± 7.5 min) and the ST (47.3 ± 13.9 min). ICGs achieved the highest vertical and horizontal bone gain (5.6 ± 0.4 mm), while ABBs and CAD/CAM ABBs showed the lowest (~3.0 mm). Resorption rates significantly differed between the different ARA techniques (p < 0.0001) and were highest for ICGs (25.9 ± 3.9%) and lowest for MSs (5.1 ± 1.5%). Donor site morbidity was 100% in ICGs and 50% in IBBs, with no morbidity in the other groups. Dehiscence rates were 10% in most techniques but 30% in CAD/CAM TMs. Removals were required in all techniques except MSs. Biological and financial costs were high for ICGs and CAD/CAM ABBs and low for MSs. Conclusions: Vertical ARA techniques significantly differ regarding harvesting and insertion time, bone gain, graft resorption, donor site morbidity, dehiscence rates, removals, and costs. While ICGs achieved the highest bone volume, less invasive techniques, such as CAD/CAM-based or resorbable scaffolds, reduced biological costs and complication risks. Technique selection should be individualized based on defects, patients, and reconstructive goals. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Recent Advances in Reconstructive Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery)
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