Search for Articles:
Title / Keyword
Author / Affiliation / Email
Journal
Article Type
 
 
Advanced Search
 
Section
Special Issue
Volume
Issue
Number
Page
 
5.7
3.0
Journals
JCM
Special Issues
Targeted Diagnosis and Treatment of Coronary Artery Disease
jcm-logo
Submit to JCM Review for JCM Propose a Special Issue

Journal Menu

► Journal Menu

Journal Browser

► Journal Browser
share announcement

Targeted Diagnosis and Treatment of Coronary Artery Disease

A special issue of Journal of Clinical Medicine (ISSN 2077-0383). This special issue belongs to the section "Cardiology".

Deadline for manuscript submissions: closed (31 December 2024) | Viewed by 16216

Special Issue Editor

Dr. Antonio Nenna

E-Mail Website
Guest Editor
Unit of Cardiac Surgery, Fondazione Policlinico Universitario Campus Bio-Medico, 00128 Rome, Italy
Interests: cardiac surgery; heart valve surgery; critical care
Special Issues, Collections and Topics in MDPI journals

Special Issue Information

Dear Colleagues,

Coronary artery disease remains a leading cause of morbidity and mortality worldwide. Efforts in preclinical and clinical research aim to improve life expectancy and quality of life while reducing healthcare-associated costs. Rigorous out-patient selection, the availability of safe and effective percutaneous devices and surgical techniques, and a careful research approach are crucial to ensuring these developments meet patients’ clinical needs. This Special Issue aims to provide an overview of the latest discoveries and new findings, analyses of previously published data, and new opinions and perspectives on targeted diagnosis and treatment in coronary artery disease. Original research articles and reviews are welcome. Research areas of interest include (but are not limited to) the following: myocardial circulation and pathophysiologic changes during ischemia and after revascularization; percutaneous coronary intervention, with an emphasis on emerging techniques and technologies; coronary artery bypass graft, with an emphasis on functional-based revascularization or total arterial revascularization; intravascular ultrasound (IVUS); fractional flow reserve (FFR); instantaneous wave-free ratio (iFR); and angiogenesis following percutaneous or surgical revascularization.

Dr. Antonio Nenna
Guest Editor

Manuscript Submission Information

Manuscripts should be submitted online at www.mdpi.com by registering and logging in to this website. Once you are registered, click here to go to the submission form. Manuscripts can be submitted until the deadline. All submissions that pass pre-check are peer-reviewed. Accepted papers will be published continuously in the journal (as soon as accepted) and will be listed together on the special issue website. Research articles, review articles as well as short communications are invited. For planned papers, a title and short abstract (about 100 words) can be sent to the Editorial Office for announcement on this website.

Submitted manuscripts should not have been published previously, nor be under consideration for publication elsewhere (except conference proceedings papers). All manuscripts are thoroughly refereed through a single-blind peer-review process. A guide for authors and other relevant information for submission of manuscripts is available on the Instructions for Authors page. Journal of Clinical Medicine is an international peer-reviewed open access semimonthly journal published by MDPI.

Please visit the Instructions for Authors page before submitting a manuscript. The Article Processing Charge (APC) for publication in this open access journal is 2600 CHF (Swiss Francs). Submitted papers should be well formatted and use good English. Authors may use MDPI's English editing service prior to publication or during author revisions.

Keywords

  • coronary artery disease
  • myocardial revascularization
  • percutaneous coronary intervention
  • cardiac surgery
  • coronary artery bypass graft
  • intravascular ultrasound
  • fractional flow reserve
  • instantaneous wave-free ratio
  • angiogenesis

Benefits of Publishing in a Special Issue

  • Ease of navigation: Grouping papers by topic helps scholars navigate broad scope journals more efficiently.
  • Greater discoverability: Special Issues support the reach and impact of scientific research. Articles in Special Issues are more discoverable and cited more frequently.
  • Expansion of research network: Special Issues facilitate connections among authors, fostering scientific collaborations.
  • External promotion: Articles in Special Issues are often promoted through the journal's social media, increasing their visibility.
  • e-Book format: Special Issues with more than 10 articles can be published as dedicated e-books, ensuring wide and rapid dissemination.

Further information on MDPI's Special Issue policies can be found here.

Related Special Issue

Published Papers (6 papers)

Download All Papers
Order results
Result details
Show export options expand_more Show export options expand_less
Select all
Export citation of selected articles as:

Research

Jump to: Review

14 pages, 2649 KiB  
Article
Prognostic Impact of Anemia and Hemoglobin Levels in Unselected Patients Undergoing Coronary Angiography
by Philipp Steinke, Tobias Schupp, Lasse Kuhn, Mohammad Abumayyaleh, Kathrin Weidner, Thomas Bertsch, Alexander Schmitt, Mahboubeh Jannesari, Fabian Siegel, Daniel Duerschmied, Michael Behnes and Ibrahim Akin
J. Clin. Med. 2024, 13(20), 6088; https://doi.org/10.3390/jcm13206088 - 12 Oct 2024
Viewed by 1222
Abstract
Background/Objectives: This study investigates the prevalence and prognostic impact of concomitant anemia in unselected patients undergoing invasive coronary angiography (CA). The spectrum of patients undergoing CA has significantly changed during the past decades, related to ongoing demographic changes and improved treatment strategies [...] Read more.
Background/Objectives: This study investigates the prevalence and prognostic impact of concomitant anemia in unselected patients undergoing invasive coronary angiography (CA). The spectrum of patients undergoing CA has significantly changed during the past decades, related to ongoing demographic changes and improved treatment strategies for patients with cardiovascular disease. Methods: Consecutive patients undergoing invasive CA from 2016 to 2022 were retrospectively included at one institution. Patients with anemia (i.e., hemoglobin < 13.0 g/dL for males and <12.0 g/dL for females) were compared with patients without anemia (i.e., nonanemics). The primary endpoint was rehospitalization for heart failure (HF) at 36 months. Secondary endpoints comprised the risk of rehospitalization for acute myocardial infarction (AMI) and coronary revascularization. Statistical analyses included Kaplan–Meier, multivariable Cox proportional regression analyses, and propensity score matching. Results: From 2016 to 2022, 7645 patients undergoing CA were included with a median hemoglobin level of 13.2 g/dL. Anemics had a higher prevalence of coronary artery disease (CAD) (76.3% vs. 74.8%; p = 0.001), alongside an increased need for percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI) (45.3% vs. 41.5%; p = 0.001). At 36 months, the risk of rehospitalization for HF was higher in anemic patients (27.4% vs. 18.4%; p = 0.001; HR = 1.583; 95% CI 1.432–1.750; p = 0.001), which was still evident after multivariable adjustment (HR = 1.164; 95% CI 1.039–1.304; p = 0.009) and propensity score matching (HR = 1.137; 95% CI 1.006–1.286; p = 0.040). However, neither the risk of AMI (8.4% vs. 7.4%, p = 0.091) nor the risk of coronary revascularization at 36 months (8.0% vs. 8.5%, p = 0.447) was higher in anemic compared with nonanemic patients. Conclusions: In consecutive patients undergoing CA, concomitant anemia was independently associated with an increased risk of rehospitalization for HF, but not AMI or coronary revascularization. Patients with LVEF ≥ 35% and multivessel disease were especially susceptible to anemia-induced HF-related rehospitalization. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Targeted Diagnosis and Treatment of Coronary Artery Disease)
►▼ Show Figures

Figure 1

14 pages, 649 KiB  
Article
Exploring the Relationship between Acute Coronary Syndrome, Lower Respiratory Tract Infections, and Atmospheric Pollution
by Paweł Muszyński, Elżbieta Pawluczuk, Tomasz Januszko, Joanna Kruszyńska, Małgorzata Duzinkiewicz, Anna Kurasz, Tomasz A. Bonda, Anna Tomaszuk-Kazberuk, Sławomir Dobrzycki and Marcin Kożuch
J. Clin. Med. 2024, 13(17), 5037; https://doi.org/10.3390/jcm13175037 - 25 Aug 2024
Viewed by 2028
Abstract
Background: Respiratory infections were found to be connected with the incidence of acute coronary syndrome (ACS). The proposed pathway of this connection includes inflammation, oxidative stress, pro-coagulation, and atherosclerotic plaque destabilization. This can cause rapture and thrombus formation, leading to ACS. Our [...] Read more.
Background: Respiratory infections were found to be connected with the incidence of acute coronary syndrome (ACS). The proposed pathway of this connection includes inflammation, oxidative stress, pro-coagulation, and atherosclerotic plaque destabilization. This can cause rapture and thrombus formation, leading to ACS. Our study aimed to assess the risk factors for coronary artery thrombosis as a manifestation of ACS and for lower respiratory tract infections (LRTIs) in patients with ACS. Methods: The study included 876 patients with ACS from January 2014 to December 2018. Both the clinical data and air pollution data were analyzed. Statistical tests used for analysis included Student’s t-test, the Mann–Whitney U-test, the Chi-squared test, and the odds ratio Altman calculation. Results: LRTIs were found in 9.13% patients with ACS. The patients with LRTI had a higher risk of coronary artery thrombosis (OR: 2.4903; CI: 1.3483 to 4.5996). Moreover, they had increased values of inflammatory markers, were older, had a lower BMI, and a higher rate of atrial fibrillation. The average atmospheric aerosols with a maximum diameter of 2.5 μm (PM2.5 concentration) from three consecutive days before hospitalization for ACS were higher in patients with LRTI. Conclusions: The occurrence of coronary artery thrombosis was higher among the patients with LRTI during ACS. PM2.5 exposition was higher in the three consecutive days before hospitalization in patients with LRTI during ACS. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Targeted Diagnosis and Treatment of Coronary Artery Disease)
►▼ Show Figures

Figure 1

17 pages, 631 KiB  
Article
Incidence and Prognostic Factors of Radial Artery Occlusion in Transradial Coronary Catheterization
by Matthaios Didagelos, Areti Pagiantza, Andreas S. Papazoglou, Dimitrios V. Moysidis, Dimitrios Petroglou, Stylianos Daios, Vasileios Anastasiou, Konstantinos C. Theodoropoulos, Antonios Kouparanis, Thomas Zegkos, Vasileios Kamperidis, George Kassimis and Antonios Ziakas
J. Clin. Med. 2024, 13(11), 3276; https://doi.org/10.3390/jcm13113276 - 1 Jun 2024
Cited by 4 | Viewed by 1726
Abstract
Background/Objectives: Radial artery occlusion (RAO) is the most common complication of transradial coronary catheterization. In this study, we aimed to evaluate the incidence of RAO and identify the risk factors that predispose patients to it. Methods: We conducted an investigator-initiated, prospective, [...] Read more.
Background/Objectives: Radial artery occlusion (RAO) is the most common complication of transradial coronary catheterization. In this study, we aimed to evaluate the incidence of RAO and identify the risk factors that predispose patients to it. Methods: We conducted an investigator-initiated, prospective, multicenter, open-label study involving 1357 patients who underwent cardiac catheterization via the transradial route for angiography and/or a percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI). Univariate and multivariate logistic regression analyses were performed to identify potential predictors of RAO occurrence. Additionally, a subgroup analysis only for patients undergoing PCIs was performed. Results: The incidence of RAO was 9.5% overall, 10.6% in the angiography-only group and 6.2% in the PCI group. Independent predictors of RAO were as follows: (i) the female gender (aOR = 1.72 (1.05–2.83)), (ii) access site cross-over (aOR = 4.33 (1.02–18.39)), (iii) increased total time of the sheath in the artery (aOR = 1.01 (1.00–1.02)), (iv) radial artery spasms (aOR = 2.47 (1.40–4.36)), (v) the presence of a hematoma (aOR = 2.28 (1.28–4.06)), (vi) post-catheterization dabigatran use (aOR = 5.15 (1.29–20.55)), (vii) manual hemostasis (aOR = 1.94 (1.01–3.72)) and (viii) numbness at radial artery ultrasound (aOR = 8.25 (1.70–40)). Contrariwise, two variables were independently associated with increased odds for radial artery patency (RAP): (i) PCI performance (aOR = 0.19 (0.06–0.63)), and (ii) a higher dosage of intravenous heparin per patient weight (aOR = 0.98 (0.96–0.99)), particularly, a dosage of >50 IU/kg (aOR = 0.56 (0.31–1.00)). In the PCI subgroup, independent predictors of RAO were as follows: (i) radial artery spasms (aOR = 4.48 (1.42–14.16)), (ii) the use of intra-arterial nitroglycerin as a vasodilator (aOR = 7.40 (1.67–32.79)) and (iii) the presence of symptoms at echo (aOR = 3.80 (1.46–9.87)), either pain (aOR = 2.93 (1.05–8.15)) or numbness (aOR = 4.66 (1.17–18.57)). On the other hand, the use of intra-arterial verapamil as a vasodilator (aOR = 0.17 (0.04–0.76)) was independently associated with a greater frequency of RAP. Conclusions: The incidence of RAO in an unselected, all-comers European population after transradial coronary catheterization for angiography and/or PCIs is similar to that reported in the international literature. Several RAO prognostic factors have been confirmed, and new ones are described. The female gender, radial artery trauma and manual hemostasis are the strongest predictors of RAO. Our results could help in the future identification of patients at higher risk of RAO, for whom less invasive diagnostic procedures maybe preferred, if possible. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Targeted Diagnosis and Treatment of Coronary Artery Disease)
►▼ Show Figures

Figure 1

9 pages, 401 KiB  
Article
Anti-Anginal Efficacy of Zibotentan in the Coronary Slow-Flow Phenomenon
by Sivabaskari Pasupathy, Rosanna Tavella, Christopher Zeitz, Suzanne Edwards, Matthew Worthley, Margaret Arstall and John F. Beltrame
J. Clin. Med. 2024, 13(5), 1337; https://doi.org/10.3390/jcm13051337 - 27 Feb 2024
Cited by 2 | Viewed by 1362
Abstract
Background: Patients with coronary microvascular disorders often experience recurrent angina for which there are limited evidence-based therapies. These patients have been found to exhibit increased plasma levels of endothelin; thus, selective endothelin–A (Et-A) receptor blockers such as zibotentan may be an effective anti-anginal [...] Read more.
Background: Patients with coronary microvascular disorders often experience recurrent angina for which there are limited evidence-based therapies. These patients have been found to exhibit increased plasma levels of endothelin; thus, selective endothelin–A (Et-A) receptor blockers such as zibotentan may be an effective anti-anginal therapy in these patients. The study evaluated the impact of a 10 mg daily dose of zibotentan on spontaneous angina episodes in patients with the coronary slow-flow phenomenon who had refractory angina (i.e., experiencing angina at least three times/week despite current anti-anginal therapy). Methods: Using a randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled, crossover trial design with 4-week treatment periods, 18 patients (63.2 ± 9.9 years, 33% females) were recruited. The primary endpoint was angina frequency as measured by an angina diary, with secondary endpoints including nitrate consumption, angina duration/severity and the Seattle Angina Questionnaire (SAQ) domains. Results: During the 4 weeks of therapy, angina frequency significantly improved with zibotentan therapy (placebo 41.4 (58.5) vs. zibotentan 29.2 (31.6), p < 0.05), and sublingual nitrate consumption significantly reduced (placebo 11.8 (15.2) vs. zibotentan 8.8 (12.9), p < 0.05. Conclusions: Zibotentan improved the frequency of spontaneous angina episodes and reduced sublingual nitrate consumption in patients unresponsive to standard anti-anginal therapy. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Targeted Diagnosis and Treatment of Coronary Artery Disease)
►▼ Show Figures

Figure 1

Review

Jump to: Research

26 pages, 3058 KiB  
Review
The Spectrum of Coronary Artery Disease in Elite Endurance Athletes—A Long-Standing Debate: State-of-the-Art Review
by Mihail Celeski, Giuseppe Di Gioia, Annunziata Nusca, Andrea Segreti, Maria Rosaria Squeo, Erika Lemme, Federica Mango, Armando Ferrera, Gian Paolo Ussia and Francesco Grigioni
J. Clin. Med. 2024, 13(17), 5144; https://doi.org/10.3390/jcm13175144 - 30 Aug 2024
Cited by 5 | Viewed by 2414
Abstract
Physical activity is recommended for the prevention of primary and secondary cardiovascular (CV) disease as it is linked to a number of health benefits, especially CV. However, recent research suggests that high-volume, long-term endurance exercise may hasten rather than slow the coronary atherosclerosis [...] Read more.
Physical activity is recommended for the prevention of primary and secondary cardiovascular (CV) disease as it is linked to a number of health benefits, especially CV. However, recent research suggests that high-volume, long-term endurance exercise may hasten rather than slow the coronary atherosclerosis progression. This contentious theory has generated a great discussion and is still a major source of doubt when it comes to the clinical treatment of coronary artery disease (CAD) in athletes. CAD is the primary cause of sudden cardiac death in athletes over 35 years. Thus, recent studies evaluated the prevalence of CAD in athletes and its clinical and prognostic implications. Indeed, many studies have shown a relationship between endurance sports and higher volumes of coronary calcified plaque as determined by computed tomography. However, the precise pathogenetic substrate for the existence of an increased coronary calcification burden among endurance athletes remains unclear. Moreover, the idea that coronary plaques in elite athletes present a benign morphology has been cast into doubt by some recent studies showing potential association with adverse cardiovascular events. This review aims to analyze the association between physical activity and CAD, explaining possible underlying mechanisms of atherosclerotic progression and non-ischemic coronary lesions, focusing primarily on clinical and prognostic implications, multimodal evaluation, and management of CAD in endurance athletes. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Targeted Diagnosis and Treatment of Coronary Artery Disease)
►▼ Show Figures

Figure 1

11 pages, 521 KiB  
Review
Cholesterol-Lowering Strategies for Cardiovascular Disease Prevention: The Importance of Intensive Treatment and the Simplification of Medical Therapy
by Vincenzo Sucato, Antonella Ortello, Francesco Comparato, Giuseppina Novo and Alfredo Ruggero Galassi
J. Clin. Med. 2024, 13(7), 1882; https://doi.org/10.3390/jcm13071882 - 25 Mar 2024
Cited by 5 | Viewed by 6236
Abstract
Cardiovascular diseases (CVDs) are a leading global cause of mortality and are primarily driven by atherosclerotic coronary artery disease. Their pathogenesis involves multi-factorial mechanisms, among which low-density lipoprotein (LDL) plays a causative role. Recent ESC/EAS guidelines advocate for a shift toward new risk [...] Read more.
Cardiovascular diseases (CVDs) are a leading global cause of mortality and are primarily driven by atherosclerotic coronary artery disease. Their pathogenesis involves multi-factorial mechanisms, among which low-density lipoprotein (LDL) plays a causative role. Recent ESC/EAS guidelines advocate for a shift toward new risk estimation algorithms that better emphasize non-fatal cardiovascular events, lifetime risk prediction, and tailored pharmacological approaches, including statin + ezetimibe and triple therapy, in specific cases. Intensive lipid-lowering therapy has been shown to be pivotal, especially in post-acute coronary events. Intracoronary imaging has revealed insights into the composition of plaque and demonstrated the significant regression that can be achieved through the use of statins such as rosuvastatin and atorvastatin. The positive effects of Proprotein Convertase Subtilisin/Kexin type 9 (PCSK9) inhibitors, particularly alirocumab and evolocumab, on plaque regression, have been demonstrated. Inclisiran, which targets PCSK9 gene expression, significantly reduces LDL cholesterol. The associated challenges include hesitancy to prescribe intensive regimens and limited treatment adherence, highlighting the need for pharmacological combinations to improve therapeutic outcomes. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Targeted Diagnosis and Treatment of Coronary Artery Disease)
►▼ Show Figures

Figure 1

Show export options expand_more Show export options expand_less
Select all
Export citation of selected articles as:
 
Displaying articles 1-6
Back to TopTop