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Current Advances in General and Regional Anesthesia
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Current Advances in General and Regional Anesthesia

A special issue of Journal of Clinical Medicine (ISSN 2077-0383). This special issue belongs to the section "Anesthesiology".

Deadline for manuscript submissions: 30 January 2026 | Viewed by 1133

Special Issue Editors

Dr. Eleni Laou

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Guest Editor
Department of Anesthesiology, Agia Sophia Children’s Hospital, 11527 Athens, Greece
Interests: general anesthesia; pediatric anesthesia; regional anesthesia; critical care; hemodynamics; microcirculation
Dr. Eleana Garini

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Guest Editor
Department of Anesthesiology, Agia Sophia Children’s Hospital, 11527 Athens, Greece
Interests: pediatric anesthesia; regional anesthesia; patient safety; simulation
Dr. Giolanda Varvarousi

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Guest Editor
Department of Anesthesiology, Alexandra General Hospital, 11528 Athens, Greece
Interests: obstetric anesthesia; epidural anesthesia; regional anesthesia

Special Issue Information

Dear Colleagues,

Anesthesia, the cornerstone of modern surgery, has undergone a remarkable evolution, transforming from rudimentary methods to sophisticated techniques that prioritize patient safety and comfort. Significant advancements in both general and regional anesthesia improved patient safety, led to faster recovery times, and optimized outcomes. However, these advancements represent just a glimpse of the dynamic and evolving fields of anesthesia and perioperative medicine.

The future of anesthesia likely involves a blended approach, combining the best aspects of both general and regional techniques. Continuous research, innovation, and collaboration are essential to further improve patient outcomes and enhance the safety and efficacy of anesthetic techniques. The ultimate goal is to minimize risk, optimize patient well-being, and facilitate a smooth and comfortable surgical experience.

Embracing innovation and fostering evidence-based medicine are crucial to navigating the ever-evolving landscape of anesthesia and pushing the boundaries of what is possible. Therefore, the Journal of Clinical Medicine is pleased to introduce a Special Issue dedicated to current advances in general and regional anesthesia. The aim of this Special Issue is to contribute to the growing body of evidence-based knowledge, enhance the provision of the best possible care for our patients, and shape the future of anesthesia practice.

We invite physicians-scientists, clinicians, and researchers to submit their work, i.e., original research studies, narrative reviews, and/or systematic reviews and meta-analyses, in all aspects of general and regional anesthesia including, but not limited to, advanced monitoring techniques, newer anesthetic agents and adjuncts, advanced local anesthetics, hemodynamics, difficult airway, postoperative cognitive dysfunction, neuroprotection, anesthesia for high-risk and complex patient populations, perioperative medication management, ultrasound guidance, peripheral nerve blocks, nerve localization techniques, multimodal analgesia approach, enhanced recovery after surgery protocols, artificial intelligence and machine learning, and personalized anesthesia.

We anticipate that the information in this Special Issue will provide physicians with useful knowledge and serve as a priceless resource for important topics frequently encountered in daily practice.

Dr. Eleni Laou
Dr. Eleana Garini
Dr. Giolanda Varvarousi
Guest Editors

Manuscript Submission Information

Manuscripts should be submitted online at www.mdpi.com by registering and logging in to this website. Once you are registered, click here to go to the submission form. Manuscripts can be submitted until the deadline. All submissions that pass pre-check are peer-reviewed. Accepted papers will be published continuously in the journal (as soon as accepted) and will be listed together on the special issue website. Research articles, review articles as well as short communications are invited. For planned papers, a title and short abstract (about 100 words) can be sent to the Editorial Office for announcement on this website.

Submitted manuscripts should not have been published previously, nor be under consideration for publication elsewhere (except conference proceedings papers). All manuscripts are thoroughly refereed through a single-blind peer-review process. A guide for authors and other relevant information for submission of manuscripts is available on the Instructions for Authors page. Journal of Clinical Medicine is an international peer-reviewed open access semimonthly journal published by MDPI.

Please visit the Instructions for Authors page before submitting a manuscript. The Article Processing Charge (APC) for publication in this open access journal is 2600 CHF (Swiss Francs). Submitted papers should be well formatted and use good English. Authors may use MDPI's English editing service prior to publication or during author revisions.

Keywords

  • anesthesiology
  • general anesthesia
  • regional anesthesia
  • pediatric anesthesia
  • perioperative medicine
  • surgery
  • postoperative outcome
  • monitoring
  • analgesia
  • safety

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Further information on MDPI's Special Issue policies can be found here.

Published Papers (2 papers)

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Research

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12 pages, 543 KB  
Article
Comparison of Opioid Consumption During Paediatric Anaesthesia with and Without a Mandatory Protocol: A Retrospective Cohort Study
by Maciej Kaszyński, Barbara Stankiewicz, Aleksandra Kalicka, Karolina Mikołap, Monika Olszanecka, Zuzanna Rybka, Paweł Witt, Marek Darowski and Izabela Pągowska-Klimek
J. Clin. Med. 2025, 14(21), 7481; https://doi.org/10.3390/jcm14217481 - 22 Oct 2025
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Abstract
Background: Opioids remain the most effective component of systemic analgesia and are considered safe and beneficial when administered at the lowest effective dose. Nevertheless, their potential adverse effects may diminish the quality of the postoperative period or, in some cases, lead to [...] Read more.
Background: Opioids remain the most effective component of systemic analgesia and are considered safe and beneficial when administered at the lowest effective dose. Nevertheless, their potential adverse effects may diminish the quality of the postoperative period or, in some cases, lead to life-threatening complications. This analysis examines whether the mandatory implementation of a standardised protocol offers opioid-sparing potential. Methods: In this single-centre retrospective cohort study, intraoperative opioid consumption during laparoscopic appendectomy was compared between patients anaesthetised according to a standardised protocol (n1 = 132) and those managed at clinicians’ discretion in line with good medical practice (n2 = 212). Length of hospital stay and use of intraoperative non-opioid analgesics were also assessed. Results: The total fentanyl dose administered during anaesthesia was significantly lower in the standardised protocol cohort compared to the cohort without a protocol: 3.13 μg·kg−1 (IQR: 2.98–4.08) vs. 5.19 μg·kg−1 (IQR: 3.89–6.67), p < 0.001. In the protocol cohort, the percentage of patients who received acetaminophen and metamizole was significantly higher—increasing by 57% and 23%, respectively (p < 0.001). No significant inter-cohort difference was observed in terms of length of hospital stay. Conclusions: The use of a mandatory anaesthetic protocol based on a multimodal approach had an opioid-sparing effect in children undergoing laparoscopic appendectomy. This retrospective analysis was approved by the Ethics Committee of the Medical University of Warsaw (identifier: AKBE/118/2025; date of acceptance: 12 May 2025), and the primary trial was registered in the U.S. National Library of Medicine Clinical Trials Registry (registration number: NCT05238506; date of first registration: 14 February 2022). Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Current Advances in General and Regional Anesthesia)
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Review

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15 pages, 399 KB  
Review
Perioperative Repercussions of Cannabis Use—Implications for GI Endoscopy Sedation
by Basavana Goudra and Michael Green
J. Clin. Med. 2025, 14(19), 7028; https://doi.org/10.3390/jcm14197028 - 4 Oct 2025
Viewed by 806
Abstract
The legalization of cannabis in multiple U.S. states and several other countries, along with its increasing social acceptance across diverse demographic and socioeconomic groups, has led to a growing number of patients presenting for interventional procedures with a history of cannabis use. Although [...] Read more.
The legalization of cannabis in multiple U.S. states and several other countries, along with its increasing social acceptance across diverse demographic and socioeconomic groups, has led to a growing number of patients presenting for interventional procedures with a history of cannabis use. Although anesthetic and sedation-related implications may be less pronounced than in major surgery, they remain clinically relevant and warrant careful consideration. Key factors include acute intoxication, chronic use, and cannabis use disorder. Cannabis users often require higher—and sometimes unpredictable—doses of propofol and other sedatives. Inhalational use is associated with airway hyperreactivity, increasing the risk of bronchospasm and, in severe cases, life-threatening laryngospasm. Acute intoxication may also impair the patient’s ability to provide informed consent. Cardiovascular manifestations, including tachycardia, hypertension, and an elevated risk of myocardial infarction, may occur depending on the timing and extent of recent cannabis exposure. Although these effects are unlikely to cause major complications during routine screening colonoscopy or diagnostic esophagogastroduodenoscopy, advanced therapeutic procedures may pose significant challenges for sedation providers. This narrative review summarizes the chemistry, pharmacology, and sedation-related implications of cannabis use in patients undergoing sedation requiring interventional procedures, with a specific focus on GI endoscopy. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Current Advances in General and Regional Anesthesia)
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