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Clinical Advances in Radiation Therapy for Cancers

A special issue of Journal of Clinical Medicine (ISSN 2077-0383). This special issue belongs to the section "Nuclear Medicine & Radiology".

Deadline for manuscript submissions: 25 December 2025 | Viewed by 528

Special Issue Editors


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Guest Editor
Department of Oncology, Faculty of Medicine, Carol Davila University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 37 Dionisie Lupu Str, 030167 Bucharest, Romania
Interests: radiation oncology; radiotherapy; cancer radiotherapy; cancer radiation therapy; radiation oncology; radiobiology; immunotherapy; targeted therapy; multimodal therapy; clinical trials; hadrontherapy
Special Issues, Collections and Topics in MDPI journals

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Guest Editor
1. Laboratory of Molecular Nanotechnologies, National Institute for Research and Development in Microtechnologies IMT-Bucharest, 126A Erou Iancu Nicolae Str., 077190 Voluntari, Romania
2. Department of Oncology, Faculty of Medicine, Carol Davila University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 37 Dionisie Lupu Str, 030167 Bucharest, Romania
Interests: radiation oncology; radiotherapy; cancer radiotherapy; cancer radiation therapy; radiation oncology; radiobiology; predictive and prognostic biomarkers; cancer treatment; heavy ions radiation oncology; protontherapy; cancer biolology

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Guest Editor
Department of Oncology, Faculty of Medicine and Pharmacy, Dunarea de Jos University of Galati, 35 Alexandru Ioan Cuza Str, 800216 Galati, Romania
Interests: radiation oncology; cancer radiation therapy; radiation oncology; immunotherapy; targeted therapy; clinical trials; biological oncology

Special Issue Information

Dear Colleagues,

Radiation therapy remains a cornerstone in cancer treatment, continuously evolving through technological advancements and innovative therapeutic strategies. This Special Issue in explores the latest progress in radiation oncology, addressing key developments in radiotherapy techniques, radiobiology, and multimodal cancer treatment.

Recent innovations in proton therapy and heavy ion radiation oncology have improved treatment precision, reducing toxicity and enhancing patient outcomes. The integration of predictive and prognostic biomarkers enables personalized radiotherapy, optimizing efficacy and minimizing adverse effects. Advances in radiobiology contribute to a better understanding of tumor response and resistance mechanisms, guiding novel therapeutic strategies. Within multimodal therapeutic strategies, radiotherapy is combined with immunotherapy, targeted therapy, and chemotherapy to enhance anti-tumor efficacy.

In this Special Issue we welcome original research papers and reviews on emerging radiation therapy techniques, biomarker-driven radiation strategies, clinical applications of particle therapy, and novel combination therapies. We welcome papers reporting clinical trials of various dimensions; validating new radiation approaches and exploring their synergy with systemic treatments is also highlighted. Translational research papers on radiobiology and biomarker-based radiation or multimodal therapy indications are also welcome. 

Prof. Dr. Rodica Maricela Anghel
Dr. Liviu Bîlteanu
Dr. Laura Florentina Rebegea
Guest Editors

Manuscript Submission Information

Manuscripts should be submitted online at www.mdpi.com by registering and logging in to this website. Once you are registered, click here to go to the submission form. Manuscripts can be submitted until the deadline. All submissions that pass pre-check are peer-reviewed. Accepted papers will be published continuously in the journal (as soon as accepted) and will be listed together on the special issue website. Research articles, review articles as well as short communications are invited. For planned papers, a title and short abstract (about 100 words) can be sent to the Editorial Office for announcement on this website.

Submitted manuscripts should not have been published previously, nor be under consideration for publication elsewhere (except conference proceedings papers). All manuscripts are thoroughly refereed through a single-blind peer-review process. A guide for authors and other relevant information for submission of manuscripts is available on the Instructions for Authors page. Journal of Clinical Medicine is an international peer-reviewed open access semimonthly journal published by MDPI.

Please visit the Instructions for Authors page before submitting a manuscript. The Article Processing Charge (APC) for publication in this open access journal is 2600 CHF (Swiss Francs). Submitted papers should be well formatted and use good English. Authors may use MDPI's English editing service prior to publication or during author revisions.

Keywords

  • radiation oncology
  • radiotherapy
  • cancer radiotherapy
  • cancer radiation therapy
  • radiobiology
  • predictive and prognostic biomarkers
  • cancer treatment
  • heavy ions radiation oncology
  • protontherapy
  • cancer biolology

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Published Papers (2 papers)

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17 pages, 20348 KiB  
Article
Unexpected Long-Term Survival and Downstaging in Oligometastatic Non-Small Cell Lung Cancer Treated with Multimodal Therapy
by Gabriela Rahnea-Nita, Nadejda Corobcean, Georgiana Bianca Constantin, Alexandru Nechifor, Adrian-Cornel Maier, Roxana-Andreea Rahnea-Nita, Dorel Firescu and Laura-Florentina Rebegea
J. Clin. Med. 2025, 14(10), 3394; https://doi.org/10.3390/jcm14103394 - 13 May 2025
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Abstract
Background: Advances in the treatment of non-small cell lung cancer in the last 5 years (new techniques in radiotherapy, including stereotactic ablative radiotherapy, new targeted therapies and advances in immunotherapy) have increased the survival rates of patients diagnosed with this disease. Methods [...] Read more.
Background: Advances in the treatment of non-small cell lung cancer in the last 5 years (new techniques in radiotherapy, including stereotactic ablative radiotherapy, new targeted therapies and advances in immunotherapy) have increased the survival rates of patients diagnosed with this disease. Methods: Our study refers to a patient diagnosed in July 2017 with stage IV A lung cancer, cT3 N3 M1b (poorly differentiated adenocarcinoma, EGFR, ALK and PDL 1 negative), who underwent five lines of treatment and who has, at the time of writing this article (March 2025), a very good performance status, currently undergoing maintenance chemotherapy. Results: The results obtained confirm the revolutionary role of immunotherapy, but also the importance of chemotherapy and external radiotherapy, suggesting the synergistic effect between these three therapies. We also performed a literature review, highlighting the resistance to immunotherapy, rechallenge with immunotherapy, progression of metastatic NSCLC after first-line chemo-immunotherapy and the role of chemotherapy in line II and III after progression of NSCLC to immunotherapy. Conclusions: Results of studies evaluating new agents and their combinations, along with analysis of the mechanisms of evolution of primary and acquired resistance to immunotherapy are awaited, with the aim of selective and personalized treatment options to improve the survival and the quality of life for this category of patients. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Clinical Advances in Radiation Therapy for Cancers)
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9 pages, 1175 KiB  
Case Report
Adaptive Target Volume and Dosimetry in Image-Guided Radiotherapy for Cervical Cancer
by Elena Manea, Beatrice Anghel, Anca Daniela Stanescu, Ana Maria Rata, Bogdan Gafton and Viorel Scripcariu
J. Clin. Med. 2025, 14(10), 3418; https://doi.org/10.3390/jcm14103418 - 14 May 2025
Viewed by 183
Abstract
Background: Cervical cancer treatment with advanced radiotherapy techniques benefits from image guidance, particularly when anatomical changes occur during therapy. This case emphasizes the need for adaptive radiotherapy when target volume shifts significantly. Methods: A 70-year-old woman with International Federation of Gynecology [...] Read more.
Background: Cervical cancer treatment with advanced radiotherapy techniques benefits from image guidance, particularly when anatomical changes occur during therapy. This case emphasizes the need for adaptive radiotherapy when target volume shifts significantly. Methods: A 70-year-old woman with International Federation of Gynecology and Obstetrics (FIGO) IIIC2 9th edition cervical squamous cell carcinoma presented with a distended uterine cavity due to fluid accumulation. She underwent definitive chemoradiotherapy using Volumetric Modulated Arc Therapy (VMAT) and weekly cisplatin. Results: Daily Cone Beam Computed Tomography (CBCT) imaging revealed progressive uterine shrinkage as intrauterine fluid drained, significantly altering target volume and organ-at-risk (OAR) positioning. These changes necessitated two re-planning CT scans during external beam radiotherapy to maintain accurate dosing and avoid OAR toxicity. The patient completed treatment, including image-guided brachytherapy, without complications. Adaptive planning ensured adequate tumor coverage and minimized normal tissue exposure. Conclusions: This case highlights the critical role of daily CBCT in detecting anatomical changes during radiotherapy. Adaptive re-planning, though rarely required more than once, was essential here to preserve treatment accuracy. CBCT should be considered a standard verification tool in cervical cancer radiotherapy, particularly in cases involving intrauterine fluid. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Clinical Advances in Radiation Therapy for Cancers)
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