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State of the Art in Pediatric Neurosurgery

A special issue of Journal of Clinical Medicine (ISSN 2077-0383). This special issue belongs to the section "Clinical Neurology".

Deadline for manuscript submissions: closed (30 October 2024) | Viewed by 544

Special Issue Editors


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Guest Editor
Department of Neurosurgery, Rhode Island Hospital, Warren Alpert Medical School of Brown University, Providence, RI 02903, USA
Interests: cerebrospinal fluid disorders; cerebrospinal fluid biomarkers; tethered cord; cognition

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Guest Editor
1. Department of Neurosurgery, Warren Alpert Medical School of Brown University, Providence, RI, USA
2. Norman Prince Spine Institute, Rhode Island Hospital, Providence, RI 02903, USA
Interests: craniofacial; hydrocephalus; oncology

Special Issue Information

Dear Colleagues,

The field of pediatric neurosurgery is rapidly evolving on many fronts, and new breakthroughs and techniques have emerged, such as advanced imaging techniques including intraoperative neuroimaging, navigation and tractography that enable surgeons to obtain detailed and accurate views of the nervous system, facilitating accurate diagnosis and surgical planning as well as the precision, safety and predictability of neurosurgical and functional neurosurgical procedures. Furthermore, microsurgery coupled with neuroendoscopy has optimized the treatment and outcomes of most complex and dismal conditions. Besides the advances in surgical care, research and innovation has always been a major focus of pediatric neurosurgeons, exploring novel therapies, participating in clinical trials, and utilizing innovative technologies and targeted therapies with personalized treatment plans for patients with genetic disorders affecting the nervous system as well as immunotherapies in the multimodal treatment of pediatric brain tumors. Furthermore, neurocritical care advances have improved outcomes for children with critical neurological conditions. Multidisciplinary collaborative care teams have become a standard-of-care concept to ensure that pediatric patients receive the best possible care including transition-of-care concepts considering the lifelong implications of congenital and complex pediatric disorders. In addition, pediatric neurosurgeons are on the forefront of pursuing international collaborative efforts while supporting teaching to overcome disparities in health care systems and encourage equal opportunities for all the children around the world. This Special Issue will showcase advances in the aforementioned fields and how they have translated into state-of-the-art modalities in the approach to diagnose and manage pediatric neurosurgery patients.

Dr. Petra Klinge
Dr. Konstantina Svokos
Guest Editors

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Keywords

  • pediatric neurosurgery
  • neuroimaging
  • minimally invasive
  • neuroendoscopy
  • functional neurosurgery
  • neuro-oncology
  • neurocritical care
  • multidisciplinary care
  • congenital disease

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Published Papers (1 paper)

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Research

10 pages, 245 KiB  
Article
Arnold–Chiari Malformations in Pediatric Patients After Fetal Surgery for Meningomyelocele
by Miroslava Kohútková and František Horn
J. Clin. Med. 2024, 13(22), 6721; https://doi.org/10.3390/jcm13226721 - 8 Nov 2024
Viewed by 259
Abstract
(1) Background: Fetal surgery for meningomyelocele (MMC) should reduce the occurrence of Arnold–Chiari malformations, hydrocephalus, the associated need for craniocervical decompression, and the need for cerebrospinal fluid shunt insertion. Fetal surgery should improve ambulatory status. (2) Methods: We used retrospective analysis [...] Read more.
(1) Background: Fetal surgery for meningomyelocele (MMC) should reduce the occurrence of Arnold–Chiari malformations, hydrocephalus, the associated need for craniocervical decompression, and the need for cerebrospinal fluid shunt insertion. Fetal surgery should improve ambulatory status. (2) Methods: We used retrospective analysis of the documentation and descriptive statistics to summarize the clinical data and measured MRI parameters. The neurosurgical results are presented as the frequency of findings in percentages and compared with the results of the Management of Myelomeningocele Study (MOMS). (3) Results: A total of eight patients who underwent prenatal correction of MMC between 2016 and 2020 participated. MRI detected Chiari II malformation in all patients during prenatal imaging and in 87.5% of the patients at the age of 12 months. Craniocervical decompression was used in 25% of the patients. Shunt-dependent hydrocephalus occurred in 50% of the cases. In 87.5% of the cases, the functional level exceeded the expected ambulatory status. (4) Conclusions: We present the clinical status of our patients. Analysis of the complete cohort confirmed that prenatal surgery is associated with a reduced occurrence of Chiari malformations and reduced associated occurrence of hydrocephalus. Specific lesion levels are not associated with the need for craniocervical decompression. The results of our study are valuable in prenatal counseling and important for treatment planning. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue State of the Art in Pediatric Neurosurgery)
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