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New Challenges of Cardiovascular Diseases: From Clinical to Preclinical Research
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New Challenges of Cardiovascular Diseases: From Clinical to Preclinical Research

A special issue of Journal of Clinical Medicine (ISSN 2077-0383). This special issue belongs to the section "Cardiovascular Medicine".

Deadline for manuscript submissions: 25 May 2025 | Viewed by 1994

Special Issue Editors

Prof. Dr. Mario Gutierrez-Bedmar

E-Mail Website
Guest Editor
1. Instituto de Investigación Biomédica de Málaga y Plataforma en Nanomedicina (IBIMA Plataforma BIONAND), 29010 Málaga, Spain
2. Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Enfermedades Cardiovasculares (CIBERCV), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, 28029 Madrid, Spain
3. Department of Preventive Medicine and Public Health, Faculty of Medicine, University of Málaga, Campus de Teatinos s/n, 29010 Málaga, Spain
Interests: epidemiology; preventive medicine; public health; cardiovascular diseases; chronic diseases prevention
Special Issues, Collections and Topics in MDPI journals
Dr. Jorge Rodriguez Capitan

E-Mail Website
Guest Editor
1. Instituto de Investigación Biomédica de Málaga y Plataforma en Nanomedicina (IBIMA Plataforma BIONAND), 29010 Málaga, Spain
2. Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Enfermedades Cardiovasculares (CIBERCV), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, 28029 Madrid, Spain
3. Cardiology and Cardiovascular Surgery Department, Virgen de la Victoria University Hospital, Campus de Tea-tinos s/n, 29010 Málaga, Spain
Interests: cardiovascular diseases; valve disease; risk factors; coronary artery disease; translational research

Special Issue Information

Dear Colleagues,

The new challenges of cardiovascular diseases are multifaceted, reflecting both demographic changes and scientific and technological advances. Population aging is a key factor, as it increases the prevalence of chronic diseases, including cardiovascular conditions. Additionally, modern lifestyles, characterized by unhealthy diets, sedentary behavior, and stress, increase the risk of developing these conditions. Moreover, the disparity in access to healthcare, leading to inequalities in the prevention, diagnosis, and treatment of cardiovascular diseases, constitutes another challenge. Vulnerable populations, particularly in low- and middle-income countries, are the most affected. Personalized treatments and the use of precision medicine are emerging as critical areas, requiring the advanced integration of genetic, environmental, and lifestyle data. Technology, including telemedicine and digital health applications, offers new opportunities for remote monitoring and management but also presents challenges in terms of implementation and equitable access.

The aim of this Special Issue is to present papers describing either original research or reviewing the scientific literature (preferably systematic reviews and meta-analyses) on the new challenges of cardiovascular diseases. Submissions focused on translational applications will attract special attention.

Prof. Dr. Mario Gutierrez-Bedmar
Dr. Jorge Rodriguez Capitan
Guest Editors

Manuscript Submission Information

Manuscripts should be submitted online at www.mdpi.com by registering and logging in to this website. Once you are registered, click here to go to the submission form. Manuscripts can be submitted until the deadline. All submissions that pass pre-check are peer-reviewed. Accepted papers will be published continuously in the journal (as soon as accepted) and will be listed together on the special issue website. Research articles, review articles as well as short communications are invited. For planned papers, a title and short abstract (about 100 words) can be sent to the Editorial Office for announcement on this website.

Submitted manuscripts should not have been published previously, nor be under consideration for publication elsewhere (except conference proceedings papers). All manuscripts are thoroughly refereed through a single-blind peer-review process. A guide for authors and other relevant information for submission of manuscripts is available on the Instructions for Authors page. Journal of Clinical Medicine is an international peer-reviewed open access semimonthly journal published by MDPI.

Please visit the Instructions for Authors page before submitting a manuscript. The Article Processing Charge (APC) for publication in this open access journal is 2600 CHF (Swiss Francs). Submitted papers should be well formatted and use good English. Authors may use MDPI's English editing service prior to publication or during author revisions.

Keywords

  • cardiovascular diseases
  • cardiovascular prevention
  • risk factors
  • population aging
  • public health
  • medical innovation
  • personalized treatments
  • precision medicine

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Further information on MDPI's Special Issue policies can be found here.

Published Papers (2 papers)

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Research

30 pages, 2761 KiB  
Article
Severely Ill COVID-19 Patients May Exhibit Hypercoagulability Despite Escalated Anticoagulation
by Soslan Shakhidzhanov, Anna Filippova, Elizaveta Bovt, Andrew Gubkin, Gennady Sukhikh, Sergey Tsarenko, Ilya Spiridonov, Denis Protsenko, Dmitriy Zateyshchikov, Elena Vasilieva, Anna Kalinskaya, Oleg Dukhin, Galina Novichkova, Sergey Karamzin, Ilya Serebriyskiy, Elena Lipets, Daria Kopnenkova, Daria Morozova, Evgeniya Melnikova, Alexander Rumyantsev and Fazoil Ataullakhanovadd Show full author list remove Hide full author list
J. Clin. Med. 2025, 14(6), 1966; https://doi.org/10.3390/jcm14061966 - 14 Mar 2025
Viewed by 566
Abstract
Introduction: Severely ill COVID-19 patients receiving prophylactic-dose anticoagulation exhibit high rates of thrombosis and mortality. The escalation of anticoagulation also does not reduce mortality and has an uncertain impact on thrombosis rates. The reasons why escalated doses fail to outperform prophylactic doses in [...] Read more.
Introduction: Severely ill COVID-19 patients receiving prophylactic-dose anticoagulation exhibit high rates of thrombosis and mortality. The escalation of anticoagulation also does not reduce mortality and has an uncertain impact on thrombosis rates. The reasons why escalated doses fail to outperform prophylactic doses in reducing risks of thrombosis and death in severely ill COVID-19 patients remain unclear. We hypothesized that escalated anticoagulation would not effectively prevent hypercoagulability and, consequently, would not reduce the risk of thrombosis and death in some severely ill patients. Methods: We conducted a prospective multicenter study that enrolled 3860 COVID-19 patients, including 1654 severely ill. They received different doses of low-molecular-weight or unfractionated heparin, and their blood coagulation was monitored with activated partial thromboplastin time, D-dimer, and Thrombodynamics. A primary outcome was hypercoagulability detected by Thrombodynamics. Blood samples were collected at the trough level of anticoagulation. Results: We found that escalated anticoagulation did not prevent hypercoagulability in 28.3% of severely ill patients at the trough level of the pharmacological activity. Severely ill patients with such hypercoagulability had higher levels of inflammation markers and better creatinine clearance compared to severely ill patients without it. Hypercoagulability detected by Thrombodynamics was associated with a 1.68-fold higher hazard rate for death and a 3.19-fold higher hazard rate for thrombosis. Elevated D-dimer levels were also associated with higher hazard rates for thrombosis and death, while shortened APTTs were not. The simultaneous use of Thrombodynamics and D-dimer data enhanced the accuracy for predicting thrombotic events and fatal outcomes in severely ill patients. Conclusions: Thrombodynamics reliably detects hypercoagulability in COVID-19 patients and can be used in conjunction with D-dimer to assess the risk of thrombosis and death in severely ill patients. The pharmacological effect of LMWH at the trough level might be too low to prevent thrombosis in some severely ill patients with severe inflammation and better creatinine clearance, even if escalated doses are used. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue New Challenges of Cardiovascular Diseases: From Clinical to Preclinical Research)
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18 pages, 293 KiB  
Article
Relationship of Thyroid Volume and Function with Carotid and Femoral Intima-Media Thickness in Euthyroid People Aged 18–65 Taking into Account the Impact of Diabetes, Hypertension, and Excess Body Mass
by Grzegorz K. Jakubiak, Natalia Pawlas, Mateusz Lejawa, Małgorzata Morawiecka-Pietrzak, Jolanta Zalejska-Fiolka, Agata Stanek and Grzegorz Cieślar
J. Clin. Med. 2025, 14(2), 604; https://doi.org/10.3390/jcm14020604 - 18 Jan 2025
Cited by 1 | Viewed by 1056
Abstract
Background/Objectives: The interrelationship of thyroid volume and function with features of cardiovascular dysfunction has already been investigated but some aspects remain unclear, especially in terms of subclinical cardiovascular dysfunction in euthyroid patients. Intima-media thickness (IMT) measurement in ultrasound B-mode imaging in different vascular [...] Read more.
Background/Objectives: The interrelationship of thyroid volume and function with features of cardiovascular dysfunction has already been investigated but some aspects remain unclear, especially in terms of subclinical cardiovascular dysfunction in euthyroid patients. Intima-media thickness (IMT) measurement in ultrasound B-mode imaging in different vascular beds (most frequently within the common carotid artery) is one of the most important tools for the detection of subclinical atherosclerosis in both clinical practice and research. This article aimed to present the results of our research on the association between the thyroid evaluation parameters and the IMT measured in both the carotid and femoral arteries in euthyroid patients aged 18 to 65 years taking into account the influence of diabetes, hypertension, and excess body mass. Methods: We performed a retrospective cross-sectional analysis of data from patients with no thyroid disease who during planned hospitalization underwent thyroid ultrasound, determination of biochemical parameters of thyroid function, and Doppler ultrasound of carotid, vertebral, and lower extremities arteries with IMT measurement. Data from 45 people (females: 57.8%) were analyzed. Results: No significant correlations were found between biochemical parameters of thyroid function and IMT parameters. Thyroid volume was found to be significantly correlated with all parameters of the IMT within the superficial femoral artery (R = 0.407, p = 0.007 for the mean IMT calculated from the left side and the right side) and with minimal IMT within the common femoral artery taken from the left side and the right side (R = 0.342, p = 0.025). Selected IMT parameters were shown to be significantly higher in patients with arterial hypertension, diabetes, obesity, or metabolic syndrome in comparison to patients without the mentioned comorbidities. Using multiple linear regression, it was confirmed that parameters related to thyroid status do not significantly affect the IMT value. A significant effect of diabetes and, to a lesser extent, hypertension on the IMT value was confirmed, especially in the femoral arteries. Conclusions: In the population of euthyroid patients, thyroid volume correlates significantly with some parameters of femoral IMT. No significant correlations were found between thyroid biochemical parameters and IMT in both carotid and femoral arteries. A significant influence of diabetes and hypertension on the IMT value was confirmed, especially in the femoral arteries. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue New Challenges of Cardiovascular Diseases: From Clinical to Preclinical Research)
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