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Multiple Sclerosis: Advances in Therapeutic Approaches
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Multiple Sclerosis: Advances in Therapeutic Approaches

A special issue of Journal of Clinical Medicine (ISSN 2077-0383). This special issue belongs to the section "Clinical Neurology".

Deadline for manuscript submissions: 30 September 2025 | Viewed by 201

Special Issue Editor

Prof. Dr. Renata Balnytė

E-Mail Website
Guest Editor
Department of Neurology, Medical Academy, Lithuanian University of Health Sciences, 44307 Kaunas, Lithuania
Interests: neurodegeneration; Alzheimer's disease; multiple sclerosis; neuroinflammation; demyelinating diseases; neurophysiology; neurological diseases

Special Issue Information

Dear Colleagues,

Multiple sclerosis (MS) is an autoimmune disease affecting the central nervous system that causes significant disability and healthcare burden. The treatment of MS has evolved over the past three decades with the development of new, high-efficacy disease-modifying therapies targeting various mechanisms, including immune modulation, immune cell suppression or depletion, and enhanced immune cell sequestration. The main goal of current disease-modifying therapy (DMT) is to quiet the disease by reducing inflammation, myelin injury, and relapses. Emerging therapies include CNS-penetrant Bruton's tyrosine kinase inhibitors and autologous hematopoietic stem cell transplantation, as well as therapies aimed at remyelination or neuroprotection for patients with a very active disease course or non-active with slow progression. Therapy development for progressive MS has been more challenging with limited efficacy of current approved agents for inactive disease courses and older patients with MS with comorbidity.

The aim of this Special Issue is to provide a broad overview of the recent advances in therapeutic approaches for MS.

Prof. Dr. Renata Balnytė
Guest Editor

Manuscript Submission Information

Manuscripts should be submitted online at www.mdpi.com by registering and logging in to this website. Once you are registered, click here to go to the submission form. Manuscripts can be submitted until the deadline. All submissions that pass pre-check are peer-reviewed. Accepted papers will be published continuously in the journal (as soon as accepted) and will be listed together on the special issue website. Research articles, review articles as well as short communications are invited. For planned papers, a title and short abstract (about 100 words) can be sent to the Editorial Office for announcement on this website.

Submitted manuscripts should not have been published previously, nor be under consideration for publication elsewhere (except conference proceedings papers). All manuscripts are thoroughly refereed through a single-blind peer-review process. A guide for authors and other relevant information for submission of manuscripts is available on the Instructions for Authors page. Journal of Clinical Medicine is an international peer-reviewed open access semimonthly journal published by MDPI.

Please visit the Instructions for Authors page before submitting a manuscript. The Article Processing Charge (APC) for publication in this open access journal is 2600 CHF (Swiss Francs). Submitted papers should be well formatted and use good English. Authors may use MDPI's English editing service prior to publication or during author revisions.

Keywords

  • multiple sclerosis
  • disease modifying treatment
  • immunomodulating teratment
  • new therapeutic approaches
  • neuroinflammation
  • neurodegeneration

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Published Papers (1 paper)

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15 pages, 1428 KiB  
Systematic Review
Oral Manifestations of Multiple Sclerosis: A Systematic Review
by Paula García-Rios, Francisco Javier Rodríguez-Lozano and Miguel Ramón Pecci-Lloret
J. Clin. Med. 2025, 14(9), 2944; https://doi.org/10.3390/jcm14092944 - 24 Apr 2025
Viewed by 137
Abstract
Background: Multiple sclerosis (MS) is a chronic autoimmune disease of the central nervous system characterized by diverse clinical manifestations, including the potential involvement of the oral cavity. Oral symptoms in MS patients may arise both as direct consequences of the disease and as [...] Read more.
Background: Multiple sclerosis (MS) is a chronic autoimmune disease of the central nervous system characterized by diverse clinical manifestations, including the potential involvement of the oral cavity. Oral symptoms in MS patients may arise both as direct consequences of the disease and as side effects of pharmacological treatments. These manifestations, such as xerostomia, periodontal disease, and dental sensitivity, can significantly affect quality of life and may be underrecognized in clinical practice. Aim: To systematically assess the presence and relevance of oral manifestations in patients with MS, and to identify correlations between these symptoms and clinical parameters such as MS phenotype, disease duration, and disability level. Materials and Methods: A systematic review was performed following Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses (PRISMA) guidelines. A database search was conducted in PubMed and Scopus on 17 March 2025, using terms related to “multiple sclerosis” and “oral manifestations”. Inclusion criteria were limited to observational studies published in the last ten years, focusing on oral symptoms in MS patients. Furthermore, the quality of the studies was assessed following the Newcastle–Ottawa Scale (NOS) for cohort and case–control studies, and the JBI Critical Appraisal checklist for analytical cross-sectional studies. Results: Ten studies met the inclusion criteria. The most frequently reported oral manifestations were hyposalivation, gingival inflammation, increased DMFT and plaque indices, dental sensitivity, and oral pain. Several studies found statistically significant associations between oral dryness and MS phenotype (p < 0.05), and between periodontal health and degree of disability (p < 0.05). However, heterogeneity in methodology and lack of longitudinal studies were noted as limitations. Conclusions: This review highlights a clear relationship between MS and several oral health disturbances, particularly xerostomia and periodontal disease. The findings underscore the need for multidisciplinary care approaches and further studies with standardized protocols to better understand oral-systemic interactions in MS. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Multiple Sclerosis: Advances in Therapeutic Approaches)
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