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Pediatric Neurosurgery: Clinical Advances in Diagnostics and Perioperative Management

A special issue of Journal of Clinical Medicine (ISSN 2077-0383). This special issue belongs to the section "Clinical Pediatrics".

Deadline for manuscript submissions: 25 June 2026 | Viewed by 3574

Special Issue Editors


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Guest Editor
School of Health and Social Sciences, AKAD University, Stuttgart, Germany
Interests: pediatric neurosurgery; neurotrauma; brain models; palliative medicine; gender medicine

E-Mail Website
Guest Editor
Department of Neurosurgery, Charité-Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Berlin, Germany
Interests: pediatric neurosurgery; hydrocephalus; neuroendoscopy; neurooncology; neurotrauma

Special Issue Information

Dear Colleagues,

Our job as pediatric neurosurgeons does not begin when the scalpel hits the skin, nor does it end with the perfect suture. Good perioperative management is crucial to excellent patient care. Diagnostics are one of the most important factors for good surgery, and rapid sequence MRI has emerged as an invaluable tool for the pediatric population. Intraoperative MRI has been a game changer for the extent of resections and outcomes in pediatric brain tumors. Less technical but equally important to the outcome is a team with good communication and an open error culture, as seen at the productive M&M conferences. This Special Issue will focus on these aspects of pediatric neurosurgical care and how we can continue to improve outcomes.

Dr. Kara Leigh Krajewski
Prof. Dr. Ulrich-Wilhelm Thomale
Guest Editors

Manuscript Submission Information

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Keywords

  • rapid sequence MRI
  • intraoperative MRI
  • perioperative management
  • neurocritical care
  • patient selection
  • M&M conferences
  • surgical team
  • rehabilitation

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Published Papers (2 papers)

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Research

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14 pages, 935 KB  
Article
Clinical Impact of Ultrafast Cranial MRI Implementation in Children Under Six Years of Age
by Rastislav Pjontek, Hani Ridwan, Benedikt Kremer, Michael Veldeman, Dimah Hasan, Martin Häusler, Martin Wiesmann, Hans Clusmann and Hussam Hamou
J. Clin. Med. 2026, 15(3), 1242; https://doi.org/10.3390/jcm15031242 - 4 Feb 2026
Viewed by 717
Abstract
Background: Young children requiring neurosurgical care frequently undergo repeated neuroimaging. Whereas CT involves exposure to ionizing radiation, conventional MRI is time-consuming and often necessitates sedation in non-cooperative children. To address these limitations, ultrafast cranial MRI (UF-MRI) based on T2-HASTE sequences was implemented [...] Read more.
Background: Young children requiring neurosurgical care frequently undergo repeated neuroimaging. Whereas CT involves exposure to ionizing radiation, conventional MRI is time-consuming and often necessitates sedation in non-cooperative children. To address these limitations, ultrafast cranial MRI (UF-MRI) based on T2-HASTE sequences was implemented at our institution in 2019 for selected indications. The aim of this study was to evaluate the real-world implementation of UF-MRI in children younger than six years of age. Methods: We retrospectively analyzed cranial MRI examinations consisting exclusively of ultrafast sequences performed between July 2019 and December 2024 in children younger than six years. Clinical settings, diagnostic adequacy, immediate consequences for patient management, and the impact on MRI and CT utilization were systematically assessed. Results: A total of 404 UF-MRI examinations were performed in 198 inpatients and outpatients (mean age: 2 years 2 months) without the need for dedicated anesthesia team support solely for imaging. Only one examination (0.2%) required same-day repetition after mild oral sedation. In 20 patients (5.0%), UF-MRI was supplemented by conventional MRI under anesthesia, most commonly for preoperative planning. Immediate clinical consequences included no change in management in 54.5% of examinations, early follow-up in 22.8%, shunt valve adjustment in 11.6%, neurosurgical intervention in 7.7%, and other measures in 5.0%. UF-MRI accounted for 24.5% of all cranial MRI examinations in this age group and was associated with a 41% reduction in CT utilization compared with the corresponding period prior to UF-MRI implementation. Conclusions: In routine clinical practice, UF-MRI provides rapid, clinically sufficient neuroimaging in young children without the need for sedation or exposure to ionizing radiation. Its implementation significantly streamlines imaging workflows, optimizes resources utilization, reduces the need for CT, and supports timely clinical decision-making, underscoring its value as a complementary imaging modality in pediatric neuroimaging. Full article
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Review

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24 pages, 462 KB  
Review
Sleep Disturbances and Disorders in Children and Adolescents with Cerebral Palsy: A Narrative Review
by Rebecca A. Rausch, Caroline Miller, Amelia Hensler, Mark G. Goetting and Dilip R. Patel
J. Clin. Med. 2025, 14(21), 7828; https://doi.org/10.3390/jcm14217828 - 4 Nov 2025
Cited by 1 | Viewed by 2036
Abstract
Background/Objectives: Children and adolescents with cerebral palsy experience multiple associated comorbidities or impairments that impact their day-to-day life and psychosocial functioning. Sleep difficulties, disturbances, or disorders are a widely recognized concern for youth with cerebral palsy. We aimed to provide an updated narrative [...] Read more.
Background/Objectives: Children and adolescents with cerebral palsy experience multiple associated comorbidities or impairments that impact their day-to-day life and psychosocial functioning. Sleep difficulties, disturbances, or disorders are a widely recognized concern for youth with cerebral palsy. We aimed to provide an updated narrative review of the most recent research on sleep disturbances or disorders in youth with cerebral palsy. Methods: A search of the literature cited in the PubMed database published between August of 2019 and August of 2024 was completed, and relevant articles were reviewed. Results: Relevant areas included the prevalence and type of sleep concerns seen in children and adolescents with cerebral palsy in addition to the relationship with sleep concerns and behavior, pain, comorbidities, physical activity, quality of life, and impact on caregivers. Sleep disturbances and disorders occur at a higher frequency in children and adolescents with cerebral palsy with adverse impact on their quality of life. Sleep concerns appear to be associated with several associated concerns. Conclusions: Sleep disturbances occur at a higher frequency in youth with cerebral palsy and are associated with a wide range of conditions, symptoms, and impact on quality of life. Treatment recommendations are in line with typically developing children or children with neurodevelopmental disorders. Future directions for research are identified. Full article
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