Research Progress and Challenges in Acute Abdominal Surgery

A special issue of Journal of Clinical Medicine (ISSN 2077-0383). This special issue belongs to the section "Gastroenterology & Hepatopancreatobiliary Medicine".

Deadline for manuscript submissions: 26 July 2025 | Viewed by 1320

Special Issue Editor


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Guest Editor
Emergency Surgery Unit, Fondazione IRCCS Ca'Granda Ospedale Maggiore Policlinico, 20122 Milan, Italy
Interests: hepatobiliary surgery; acute care surgery; gastrointestinal emergency; gallbladder acute disease; diverticulitis; appendicitis; trauma surgery

Special Issue Information

Dear Colleagues,

Acute abdominal surgery refers to urgent surgical interventions performed to treat conditions that require immediate management within the abdominal cavity. These conditions can range from acute appendicitis and bowel obstruction to perforated ulcers and traumatic injuries. Acute abdominal surgery is characterized by the need for rapid diagnosis, prompt decision-making, and timely intervention to prevent life-threatening complications. The goal of acute abdominal surgery is to alleviate the underlying condition, relieve pain, restore normal organ function, and prevent further damage. Surgeons specializing in this field possess a wide range of skills and expertise to address the complexities associated with acute abdominal emergencies. The widespread use of ultrasonography plays a crucial role in helping surgeons to make the right decisions, minimizing waiting times for second-level exams such as CT scans. In recent years, minimally invasive techniques such as laparoscopy have revolutionized the field of acute abdominal surgery, allowing for smaller incisions, reduced postoperative pain, and faster recovery. Robotic surgery represents a new area to be expored in this field of surgery, and several reports on robotic emergency surgery are now being published. The use of indocianine green fluorescence in acute cholecistitis has improved the safety of this procedure, particularly in difficult cases. However, despite advancements in surgical techniques and perioperative care, acute abdominal surgery still presents challenges. These include the risk of complications, such as infection, bleeding, and organ dysfunction, as well as the need for effective pain management and postoperative rehabilitation.

This Special Issue aims to explore the latest research progress in this field and shed light on the challenges faced by surgeons and researchers. We encourage submissions of papers describing related original research articles and reviews.

Dr. Matteo Cimino
Guest Editor

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Keywords

  • acute abdominal emergencies
  • urgent surgical interventions
  • minimally invasive techniques
  • robotic surgery in emergency surgery
  • open surgery
  • complications
  • pain management
  • postoperative rehabilitation
  • acute appendicitis
  • acute biliary disease
  • intraoperative ultrasonography in emergency surgery

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Published Papers (1 paper)

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10 pages, 243 KiB  
Article
Preoperative Waiting Time Affects the Length of Stay of Patients Treated via Laparoscopic Cholecystectomy in an Acute Care Surgical Setting
by Livia Bressan, Matteo Maria Cimino, Federica Vaccari, Eugenia Capozzela, Alan Biloslavo, Matteo Porta, Marina Bortul and Hayato Kurihara
J. Clin. Med. 2024, 13(23), 7263; https://doi.org/10.3390/jcm13237263 - 29 Nov 2024
Viewed by 808
Abstract
Background/Objectives: Acute cholecystitis (AC) presents a significant burden in emergency surgical settings. Early laparoscopic cholecystectomy (ELC) is the standard of care for AC, yet its implementation varies. This study aims to assess the impact of preoperative waiting time (WT) on postoperative length of [...] Read more.
Background/Objectives: Acute cholecystitis (AC) presents a significant burden in emergency surgical settings. Early laparoscopic cholecystectomy (ELC) is the standard of care for AC, yet its implementation varies. This study aims to assess the impact of preoperative waiting time (WT) on postoperative length of stay (LOS) in patients undergoing urgent cholecystectomy. Methods: From June 2021 to September 2022, data on patients undergoing urgent cholecystectomy for AC or pancreatitis were collected from two university hospitals. Patients were categorized into early (ELC) or delayed (DLC) cholecystectomy groups based on WT. The primary outcome was the assessment of the variables influencing LOS via univariate and multivariate analyses. Results: This study included 170 patients, predominantly female, with a median age of 64.50 years. ELC was performed in 58.2% of cases, with a median WT of 0 days, while DLC was performed in 41.8%, with a median WT of 3 days. Postoperative complications occurred in 21.8% of cases, with LOS being significantly shorter in the ELC group (median 5 days vs. 9 days; p = 0.001). Multivariate analysis confirmed that WT (OR 8.08 (1.65–77.18; p = 0.033)) was the most important predictor of LOS. Conclusions: ELC is associated with a shorter LOS and with DLC, aligning with the WSES recommendations. Earlier surgery reduces the risk of complications and overall hospital costs. An extended WT contributes to a prolonged LOS, underscoring the importance of timely access to operating theaters for acute biliary pathologies. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Research Progress and Challenges in Acute Abdominal Surgery)
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