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Spectroscopy of Biological Molecules

A special issue of International Journal of Molecular Sciences (ISSN 1422-0067). This special issue belongs to the section "Materials Science".

Deadline for manuscript submissions: closed (20 January 2023) | Viewed by 2147

Special Issue Editor


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Guest Editor
Engineering Department, Faculty of Scince and Technology, Lancaster University, Gillow Avenue, Lancaster LA1 4YW, UK
Interests: biomaterials and regenerative medicine; bioengineering; biospectroscopy; early detection and diagnosis
Special Issues, Collections and Topics in MDPI journals

Special Issue Information

Dear Colleagues, 

Spectroscopic techniques have immense potential in the diagnosis of human diseases including infections, inflammatory conditions, and various cancers. Spectroscopy, with its advances in technology, is central to novel applications in bioengineering, natural sciences, and now in the medical field. Both Raman (RS) and infrared (IR) spectroscopy can help in the diagnosis of infections at point of care. Spectroscopic techniques have attracted growing interest as biomedical tools for the early diagnosis and monitoring of human disease. The need to study bacteria and viruses has seen renewed interest with recent technologies capable of providing snapshot information about the overall composition of biological species. Using spectroscopy coupled with multivariate analysis could be a powerful approach to exploring biomolecules. Artificial intelligence has the potential to customise the deep neural networks that have the ability to learn the spectra, and after training, could make predictions instantly regarding spectra. Using RS and IR combined with artificial intelligence and machine learning will allow to monitor the chemical pathway to the progression of the disease and identify any changes in the chemical structure of the viruses and bacteria that may occur. In addition, due to precise determination of chemical structural changes by spectroscopy, it should be possible to detect the concentration of various infections in biological molecules. This Special Issue will create an important source for clinicians and no-clinicians exploring the clinical applications of spectroscopy.   

Prof. Dr. Ihtesham Ur Rehman
Guest Editor

Manuscript Submission Information

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Keywords

  • early diagnosis and detection of diseases
  • biospectroscopy
  • biomaterials
  • cancer research
  • artificial intelligence and machine learning

Published Papers (1 paper)

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Research

22 pages, 4700 KiB  
Article
Evaluation of Proteomic and Lipidomic Changes in Aeromonas-Infected Trout Kidney Tissue with the Use of FT-IR Spectroscopy and MALDI Mass Spectrometry Imaging
by Joanna Matys, Anna Turska-Szewczuk, Barbara Gieroba, Maria Kurzylewska, Agnieszka Pękala-Safińska and Anna Sroka-Bartnicka
Int. J. Mol. Sci. 2022, 23(20), 12551; https://doi.org/10.3390/ijms232012551 - 19 Oct 2022
Cited by 6 | Viewed by 1774
Abstract
Aeromonas species are opportunistic bacteria causing a vast spectrum of human diseases, including skin and soft tissue infections, meningitis, endocarditis, peritonitis, gastroenteritis, and finally hemorrhagic septicemia. The aim of our research was to indicate the molecular alterations in proteins and lipids profiles resulting [...] Read more.
Aeromonas species are opportunistic bacteria causing a vast spectrum of human diseases, including skin and soft tissue infections, meningitis, endocarditis, peritonitis, gastroenteritis, and finally hemorrhagic septicemia. The aim of our research was to indicate the molecular alterations in proteins and lipids profiles resulting from Aeromonas sobria and A. salmonicida subsp. salmonicida infection in trout kidney tissue samples. We successfully applied FT-IR (Fourier transform infrared) spectroscopy and MALDI-MSI (matrix-assisted laser desorption/ionization mass spectrometry imaging) to monitor changes in the structure and compositions of lipids, secondary conformation of proteins, and provide useful information concerning disease progression. Our findings indicate that the following spectral bands’ absorbance ratios (spectral biomarkers) can be used to discriminate healthy tissue from pathologically altered tissue, for example, lipids (CH2/CH3), amide I/amide II, amide I/CH2 and amide I/CH3. Spectral data obtained from 10 single measurements of each specimen indicate numerous abnormalities concerning proteins, lipids, and phospholipids induced by Aeromonas infection, suggesting significant disruption of the cell membranes. Moreover, the increase in the content of lysolipids such as lysophosphosphatidylcholine was observed. The results of this study suggest the application of both methods MALDI-MSI and FT-IR as accurate methods for profiling biomolecules and identifying biochemical changes in kidney tissue during the progression of Aeromonas infection. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Spectroscopy of Biological Molecules)
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