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Interplay Between the Human Microbiome and Diseases
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Interplay Between the Human Microbiome and Diseases

A special issue of International Journal of Molecular Sciences (ISSN 1422-0067). This special issue belongs to the section "Molecular Pathology, Diagnostics, and Therapeutics".

Deadline for manuscript submissions: 20 October 2025 | Viewed by 1930

Special Issue Editors

Prof. Dr. Tihamer Molnar

E-Mail Website
Guest Editor
Medical School, University of Pécs, 7622 Pécs, Hungary
Interests: biomarkers; stroke; antiplatelet therapy; personalized medicine
Special Issues, Collections and Topics in MDPI journals
Dr. Zoltán Péterfi

E-Mail Website
Guest Editor
Medical School, University of Pécs, 7622 Pécs, Hungary
Interests: fecal microbiota; inflammatory bowel disease; personalized medicine

Special Issue Information

Dear Colleagues,

The human microbiome has a great impact on our health throughout our lives. The human gut microbiota is the primary source of human microbial populations, contributing considerably to both positive and negative outcomes. The impact of gut microbial population has been studied intensively over the last two decades. The gut microbiota of healthy individuals differs from that of those affected by disease and the deviation in the composition can lead to different disorders. The dysbiosis of the microbiota with respect to different life-threatening diseases such as cancer, cardiovascular disease, bowel inflammatory disease and difficult-to-treat bacterial infections is of great interest. Studies support not only the discovery and understanding of the link between certain diseases and the microbiome, but also the possibility of modifying it through dietary changes, lifestyle changes, the use of special microbe cocktails or fecal microbiota transplantation. Research on the human microbiome and its role in treating diseases is welcomed for publication in this Special Issue.

Prof. Dr. Tihamer Molnar
Dr. Zoltán Péterfi
Guest Editors

Manuscript Submission Information

Manuscripts should be submitted online at www.mdpi.com by registering and logging in to this website. Once you are registered, click here to go to the submission form. Manuscripts can be submitted until the deadline. All submissions that pass pre-check are peer-reviewed. Accepted papers will be published continuously in the journal (as soon as accepted) and will be listed together on the special issue website. Research articles, review articles as well as short communications are invited. For planned papers, a title and short abstract (about 100 words) can be sent to the Editorial Office for announcement on this website.

Submitted manuscripts should not have been published previously, nor be under consideration for publication elsewhere (except conference proceedings papers). All manuscripts are thoroughly refereed through a single-blind peer-review process. A guide for authors and other relevant information for submission of manuscripts is available on the Instructions for Authors page. International Journal of Molecular Sciences is an international peer-reviewed open access semimonthly journal published by MDPI.

Please visit the Instructions for Authors page before submitting a manuscript. There is an Article Processing Charge (APC) for publication in this open access journal. For details about the APC please see here. Submitted papers should be well formatted and use good English. Authors may use MDPI's English editing service prior to publication or during author revisions.

Keywords

  • microbiome
  • metagenome
  • gastrointestinal tract
  • skin
  • seminal fluid
  • lung
  • saliva
  • oral mucosa
  • conjunctiva
  • dysbiosis
  • fecal microbiota transplantation

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Published Papers (2 papers)

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Research

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13 pages, 2585 KiB  
Article
Effects of Aneurysmal Subarachnoid Hemorrhage in Patients Without In-Hospital Infection on FABP-I, LBP, and sCD-14
by Brigitta Orban, Diana Simon, Szabina Erdo-Bonyar, Timea Berki, Tihamer Molnar, Laszlo Zavori, Attila Schwarcz, Zoltan Peterfi and Peter Csecsei
Int. J. Mol. Sci. 2025, 26(2), 485; https://doi.org/10.3390/ijms26020485 - 8 Jan 2025
Viewed by 833
Abstract
Aneurysmal subarachnoid hemorrhage (aSAH) is a serious condition complicated by delayed cerebral ischemia (DCI), where inflammation plays a key role. Although altered gut permeability is noted in other conditions, its significance in aSAH remains unclear. Fatty acid-binding protein (FABP-I), lipopolysaccharide-binding protein (LBP), and [...] Read more.
Aneurysmal subarachnoid hemorrhage (aSAH) is a serious condition complicated by delayed cerebral ischemia (DCI), where inflammation plays a key role. Although altered gut permeability is noted in other conditions, its significance in aSAH remains unclear. Fatty acid-binding protein (FABP-I), lipopolysaccharide-binding protein (LBP), and soluble CD-14 (sCD-14) are established markers of barrier dysfunction. This study investigates gut permeability marker changes in early and late aSAH phases. The study included 177 aSAH patients and 100 controls. Serum samples were collected on days 1 (D1) and 9 (D9) after ictus. FABP-I, LBP, and sCD-14 levels were measured via ELISA, and clinical data were recorded. Outcomes were assessed using the 90-day modified Rankin scale (mRS 0–3 = favorable outcome). Serum FABP-I was significantly lower in aSAH patients (p < 0.05), while LBP and sCD-14 were higher (p < 0.001) compared to controls. FABP-I did not differ between outcome groups, but LBP and sCD-14 were significantly elevated in unfavorable outcomes (p < 0.001). These markers differed in patients without in-hospital infection, with higher levels noted in DCI patients during the later phase (p < 0.05). In aSAH patients without infection, differences in LBP and sCD-14 levels between outcome groups suggest potential endotoxin release from microbial systems, contributing to neuroinflammation and influencing outcomes. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Interplay Between the Human Microbiome and Diseases)
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Review

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34 pages, 2039 KiB  
Review
Gut Microbiota and Cardiovascular Diseases: Unraveling the Role of Dysbiosis and Microbial Metabolites
by Barathan Muttiah and Alfizah Hanafiah
Int. J. Mol. Sci. 2025, 26(9), 4264; https://doi.org/10.3390/ijms26094264 - 30 Apr 2025
Viewed by 602
Abstract
Cardiovascular diseases (CVDs), including heart failure (HF), hypertension, myocardial infarction (MI), and atherosclerosis, are increasingly linked to gut microbiota dysbiosis and its metabolic byproducts. HF, affecting over 64 million individuals globally, is associated with systemic inflammation and gut barrier dysfunction, exacerbating disease progression. [...] Read more.
Cardiovascular diseases (CVDs), including heart failure (HF), hypertension, myocardial infarction (MI), and atherosclerosis, are increasingly linked to gut microbiota dysbiosis and its metabolic byproducts. HF, affecting over 64 million individuals globally, is associated with systemic inflammation and gut barrier dysfunction, exacerbating disease progression. Similarly, hypertension and MI correlate with reduced microbial diversity and an abundance of pro-inflammatory bacteria, contributing to vascular inflammation and increased cardiovascular risk. Atherosclerosis is also influenced by gut dysbiosis, with key microbial metabolites such as trimethylamine-N-oxide (TMAO) and short-chain fatty acids (SCFAs) playing crucial roles in disease pathogenesis. Emerging evidence highlights the therapeutic potential of natural compounds, including flavonoids, omega-3 fatty acids, resveratrol, curcumin, and marine-derived bioactives, which modulate the gut microbiota and confer cardioprotective effects. These insights underscore the gut microbiota as a critical regulator of cardiovascular health, suggesting that targeting dysbiosis may offer novel preventive and therapeutic strategies. Further research is needed to elucidate underlying mechanisms and optimize microbiome-based interventions for improved cardiovascular outcomes. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Interplay Between the Human Microbiome and Diseases)
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