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Molecular Research of Autophagy and Apoptosis 2022

A special issue of International Journal of Molecular Sciences (ISSN 1422-0067). This special issue belongs to the section "Molecular Pathology, Diagnostics, and Therapeutics".

Deadline for manuscript submissions: closed (30 May 2023) | Viewed by 1673

Special Issue Editor


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Guest Editor
Department of Biological Anthropology, Institute of Biology, Eötvös Loránd University, Budapest, Hungary
Interests: cell death; cell survival; autophagy; apoptosis; phagocytosis; inflammation; model organisms; lysosome; tumor metabolism; therapy resistance

Special Issue Information

Dear Colleagues,

Balance between cell death and survival is of key importance in maintaining cellular homeostasis. Three major types of programmed cell death (PCD) have been distinguished: apoptosis (type I), autophagic cell death (type II), and necrosis (type III), which are interconnected through molecular crosstalk mechanisms. In addition to human studies, research on model organisms contributed significantly to identification of conserved molecular pathways constituting different types of PCD. Characterization of the complex interplay among PCD processes is crucial as it underlies the pathogenesis of multiple diseases, especially cancer.

Recent studies show that apoptosis is a barrier that tumor cells have to overcome in order to survive. Elimination of apoptotic cell debris by phagocytosis is required to prevent inflammation, which is known as a factor that might favour tumor progression. Autophagy, which was originally characterized as a cell survival mechanism in response to starvation but also known as a cell death modulator, may influence the pathological conditions of cancer by altering metabolic conditions.

Further elucidation of basic molecular mechanisms playing a role in PCD processes, furthermore better understanding of their interactions may pave the way for new treatment strategies of cancer.

Dr. Krisztina Takács-Vellai
Guest Editor

Manuscript Submission Information

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Keywords

  • cell death
  • cell survival
  • autophagy
  • apoptosis
  • phagocytosis
  • inflammation
  • model organisms
  • lysosome
  • tumor metabolism
  • therapy resistance

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Published Papers (1 paper)

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Research

23 pages, 8535 KiB  
Article
Apoptosis Evaluation in Circulating CD34+-Enriched Hematopoietic Stem and Progenitor Cells in Patients with Abnormally Increased Production of Endogenous Glucocorticoids in Course of Cushing’s Syndrome
by Miłosz P. Kawa, Anna Sobuś, Ewa Pius-Sadowska, Karolina Łuczkowska, Dorota Rogińska, Szymon Wnęk, Edyta Paczkowska, Mieczysław Walczak, Anhelli Syrenicz and Bogusław Machaliński
Int. J. Mol. Sci. 2022, 23(24), 15794; https://doi.org/10.3390/ijms232415794 - 13 Dec 2022
Viewed by 1218
Abstract
Abnormalities in hematological parameters of peripheral blood have been noted in patients with endogenous Cushing’s Syndrome (CS) in the corticotropin (ACTH)-dependent and ACTH-independent forms. Nevertheless, the exact mechanism of glucocorticoids (GCs) action on human hematopoiesis is still not entirely clear. The aim of [...] Read more.
Abnormalities in hematological parameters of peripheral blood have been noted in patients with endogenous Cushing’s Syndrome (CS) in the corticotropin (ACTH)-dependent and ACTH-independent forms. Nevertheless, the exact mechanism of glucocorticoids (GCs) action on human hematopoiesis is still not entirely clear. The aim of the study was to determine whether endogenous excessive production of GCs could affect apoptosis of CD34+ cells enriched in hematopoietic stem and progenitor cells (HSPCs) collected from the peripheral blood of newly diagnosed CS patients. Flow cytometry, Annexin-V enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay, TUNEL assay, real-time quantitative PCR, and microarray RNA/miRNA techniques were used to characterize CS patients’ HSPCs. We found that the glucocorticoid receptor (GR) protein expression levels in CS were higher than in healthy controls. A complex analysis of apoptotic status of CS patients’ HSPC cells showed that GCs significantly augmented apoptosis in peripheral blood-derived CD34+ cells and results obtained using different methods to detect early and late apoptosis in analyzed cell population were consistent. CS was also associated with significant upregulation in several members of the BCL-2 superfamily and other genes associated with apoptosis control. Furthermore, global gene expression analysis revealed significantly higher expression of genes associated with programmed cell death control in HSPCs from CS patients. These findings suggest that human endogenous GCs have a direct pro-apoptotic activity in hematopoietic CD34+ cells derived from CS subjects before treatment. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Molecular Research of Autophagy and Apoptosis 2022)
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