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Advances in Immuno-Oncology
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Advances in Immuno-Oncology

A special issue of International Journal of Molecular Sciences (ISSN 1422-0067). This special issue belongs to the section "Molecular Oncology".

Deadline for manuscript submissions: closed (31 December 2021) | Viewed by 14125

Special Issue Editor

Dr. Sandrine Valsesia-Wittmann

E-Mail Website
Guest Editor
Centre de Lutte contre le Cancer Léon Bérard, 69008 Lyon, France
Interests: breast carcinoma; pediatric cancers; immunotherapy; therapeutical antibodies; immunoconjugates; oncolytic viruses; resistance to treatments; radiosensitizers screeening; combination therapies; immunomodulation; in vivo syngeneic mice models; TME

Special Issue Information

Dear Colleagues,

Recent advances in immuno-oncology (IO) had the potential to transform the practice of medical oncology. The approval of ipilimumab in 2011 to treat melanoma, marked the beginning of the cancer immunotherapy revolution. Antibodies directed against negative regulators of T-cell function (checkpoint inhibitors), engineered cell therapies (CAR, NK,...) and innate immune stimulators, such as oncolytic viruses, Toll agonist, were proven to be effective in a wide range of cancers. Currently, the number of IO targets with active agents increasing linearly is considered as one of the most promising areas in oncology. The paradigm of cancer treatments and drug development is being rewritten with an unprecedented number of new investigational agents and combination therapies. Despite significant advances, some unresolved problems remain such as adaptation of the therapeutic strategy to the immune context of the tumor, considering type, space and time of cancer evolution.  

This Special Issue will cover latest aspects of recent advances in immuno-oncology and problems to solve to bring the true promise of cancer immunotherapies to patients.

Dr. Sandrine Valsesia-Wittmann
Guest Editor

Manuscript Submission Information

Manuscripts should be submitted online at www.mdpi.com by registering and logging in to this website. Once you are registered, click here to go to the submission form. Manuscripts can be submitted until the deadline. All submissions that pass pre-check are peer-reviewed. Accepted papers will be published continuously in the journal (as soon as accepted) and will be listed together on the special issue website. Research articles, review articles as well as short communications are invited. For planned papers, a title and short abstract (about 100 words) can be sent to the Editorial Office for announcement on this website.

Submitted manuscripts should not have been published previously, nor be under consideration for publication elsewhere (except conference proceedings papers). All manuscripts are thoroughly refereed through a single-blind peer-review process. A guide for authors and other relevant information for submission of manuscripts is available on the Instructions for Authors page. International Journal of Molecular Sciences is an international peer-reviewed open access semimonthly journal published by MDPI.

Please visit the Instructions for Authors page before submitting a manuscript. There is an Article Processing Charge (APC) for publication in this open access journal. For details about the APC please see here. Submitted papers should be well formatted and use good English. Authors may use MDPI's English editing service prior to publication or during author revisions.

Keywords

  • immuno-oncology
  • immunotherapy
  • cancer genomics
  • biomarker
  • autoimmunity
  • immunology
  • personalised medicine
  • cancer immunology
  • cancer vaccines
  • oncology cell therapy
  • CAR-T cell therapy
  • NK
  • immunomodulatory approaches
  • oncolytic viruses
  • tumor heterogeneity
  • T cells infiltration

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Further information on MDPI's Special Issue policies can be found here.

Published Papers (3 papers)

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Research

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9 pages, 2435 KiB  
Article
Abscopal Effect of Radiotherapy Enhanced with Immune Checkpoint Inhibitors of Triple Negative Breast Cancer in 4T1 Mammary Carcinoma Model
by Haa-Na Song, Hana Jin, Jung-Hoon Kim, In-Bong Ha, Ki-Mun Kang, Hoon-Sik Choi, Ho-Jin Jeong, Min-Young Kim, Hye-Jung Kim and Bae-Kwon Jeong
Int. J. Mol. Sci. 2021, 22(19), 10476; https://doi.org/10.3390/ijms221910476 - 28 Sep 2021
Cited by 24 | Viewed by 3975
Abstract
Local radiotherapy (RT) is important to manage metastatic triple-negative breast cancer (TNBC). Although RT primarily reduces cancer cells locally, this control can be enhanced by triggering the immune system via immunotherapy. RT and immunotherapy may lead to an improved systemic effect, known as [...] Read more.
Local radiotherapy (RT) is important to manage metastatic triple-negative breast cancer (TNBC). Although RT primarily reduces cancer cells locally, this control can be enhanced by triggering the immune system via immunotherapy. RT and immunotherapy may lead to an improved systemic effect, known as the abscopal effect. Here, we analyzed the antitumor effect of combination therapy using RT with an anti-programmed cell death-1 (PD-1) antibody in primary tumors, using poorly immunogenic metastatic mouse mammary carcinoma 4T1 model. Mice were injected subcutaneously into both flanks with 4T1 cells, and treatment was initiated 12 days later. Mice were randomly assigned to three treatment groups: (1) control (no treatment with RT or immune checkpoint inhibitor (ICI)), (2) RT alone, and (3) RT+ICI. The same RT dose was prescribed in both RT-alone and RT+ICI groups as 10Gy/fx in two fractions and delivered to only one of the two tumor burdens injected at both sides of flanks. In the RT+ICI group, 200 µg fixed dose of PD-1 antibody was intraperitoneally administered concurrently with RT. The RT and ICI combination markedly reduced tumor cell growth not only in the irradiated site but also in non-irradiated sites, a typical characteristic of the abscopal effect. This was observed only in radiation-sensitive cancer cells. Lung metastasis development was lower in RT-irradiated groups (RT-only and RT+ICI groups) than in the non-irradiated group, regardless of the radiation sensitivity of tumor cells. However, there was no additive effect of ICI on RT to control lung metastasis, as was already known regarding the abscopal effect. The combination of local RT with anti-PD-1 blockade could be a promising treatment strategy against metastatic TNBC. Further research is required to integrate our results into a clinical setting. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Advances in Immuno-Oncology)
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Review

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24 pages, 1882 KiB  
Review
Solid Tumors and Kinase Inhibition: Management and Therapy Efficacy Evolution
by Flávia Melo Cunha de Pinho Pessoa, Caio Bezerra Machado, Emerson Lucena da Silva, Laudreísa da Costa Pantoja, Rodrigo Monteiro Ribeiro, Maria Elisabete Amaral de Moraes, Manoel Odorico de Moraes Filho, Raquel Carvalho Montenegro, André Salim Khayat and Caroline Aquino Moreira-Nunes
Int. J. Mol. Sci. 2022, 23(7), 3830; https://doi.org/10.3390/ijms23073830 - 30 Mar 2022
Cited by 3 | Viewed by 3263
Abstract
The increasing numbers of cancer cases worldwide and the exceedingly high mortality rates of some tumor subtypes raise the question about if the current protocols for cancer management are effective and what has been done to improve upon oncologic patients’ prognoses. The traditional [...] Read more.
The increasing numbers of cancer cases worldwide and the exceedingly high mortality rates of some tumor subtypes raise the question about if the current protocols for cancer management are effective and what has been done to improve upon oncologic patients’ prognoses. The traditional chemo-immunotherapy options for cancer treatment focus on the use of cytotoxic agents that are able to overcome neoplastic clones’ survival mechanisms and induce apoptosis, as well as on the ability to capacitate the host’s immune system to hinder the continuous growth of malignant cells. The need to avert the highly toxic profiles of conventional chemo-immunotherapy and to overcome the emerging cases of tumor multidrug resistance has fueled a growing interest in the field of precision medicine and targeted molecular therapies in the last couple of decades, although relatively new alternatives in oncologic practices, the increased specificity, and the positive clinical outcomes achieved through targeted molecular therapies have already consolidated them as promising prospects for the future of cancer management. In recent years, the development and application of targeted drugs as tyrosine kinase inhibitors have enabled cancer treatment to enter the era of specificity. In addition, the combined use of targeted therapy, immunotherapy, and traditional chemotherapy has innovated the standard treatment for many malignancies, bringing new light to patients with recurrent tumors. This article comprises a series of clinical trials that, in the past 5 years, utilized kinase inhibitors (KIs) as a monotherapy or in combination with other cytotoxic agents to treat patients afflicted with solid tumors. The results, with varying degrees of efficacy, are reported. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Advances in Immuno-Oncology)
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16 pages, 897 KiB  
Review
STAT3 Role in T-Cell Memory Formation
by Yaroslav Kaminskiy and Jan Joseph Melenhorst
Int. J. Mol. Sci. 2022, 23(5), 2878; https://doi.org/10.3390/ijms23052878 - 7 Mar 2022
Cited by 15 | Viewed by 6070
Abstract
Along with the clinical success of immuno-oncology drugs and cellular therapies, T-cell biology has attracted considerable attention in the immunology community. Long-term immunity, traditionally analyzed in the context of infection, is increasingly studied in cancer. Many signaling pathways, transcription factors, and metabolic regulators [...] Read more.
Along with the clinical success of immuno-oncology drugs and cellular therapies, T-cell biology has attracted considerable attention in the immunology community. Long-term immunity, traditionally analyzed in the context of infection, is increasingly studied in cancer. Many signaling pathways, transcription factors, and metabolic regulators have been shown to participate in the formation of memory T cells. There is increasing evidence that the signal transducer and activator of transcription-3 (STAT3) signaling pathway is crucial for the formation of long-term T-cell immunity capable of efficient recall responses. In this review, we summarize what is currently known about STAT3 role in the context of memory T-cell formation and antitumor immunity. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Advances in Immuno-Oncology)
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