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Metal-Based Compounds: Molecular Mechanisms of Pharmacological Action and Toxicity

A special issue of International Journal of Molecular Sciences (ISSN 1422-0067). This special issue belongs to the section "Molecular Toxicology".

Deadline for manuscript submissions: closed (30 December 2025) | Viewed by 1032

Special Issue Editor


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Guest Editor
Institute of Medical Chemistry, Faculty of Medicine, University of Belgrade, 11000 Belgrade, Serbia
Interests: in vivo toxicity; nephrotoxicity; hepatotoxicity; metal ions; metal nanoclusters; drug development; ATPase targets for pharmacological and toxicological action

Special Issue Information

Dear Colleagues,

Metal toxicity is mainly associated with heavy metals, such as lead, mercury, arsenic, cadmium, and chromium, that have been most frequently reported to induce human poisonings. Lighter metals and essential trace elements may also result in toxic action if applied in overdoses. Mechanisms of toxicity involve the metal-induced generation of free radicals and consequently oxidative stress, enzyme activation, attenuating antioxidant defence, and selective binding to essential macromolecules, which lead to irreversible cell damage. In addition, metal-based compounds have been used as standard chemotherapeutics in clinical practice, whereas numerous novel metal complexes have been designed and synthesized as promising next-generation metallodrug candidates. This Special Issue aims to report new advancements in metal toxicity, putative modes of resulting toxic effects, pharmacologically active metal-containing compounds, and in vitro as well as in vivo toxicity assessment as one of key limitations in their potential biomedical application. The Guest Editors invite original research articles and reviews on the molecular mechanisms of metal-resulting toxicity and the pharmacological benefits as well as toxicity of promising metal-based medical agents. Understanding metal toxicity at the molecular level will contribute to the development of novel metal-based compounds with considerable efficacy and safety profiles as potential candidates for biomedical applications.

For this Special Issue, supervised by the Guest Editor and assisted by our Topical Advisory Panel Member, Dr. Mirjana B. Čolović (University of Belgrade). We welcome papers related (but not limited) to the following specific topics:

  • Molecular mechanisms of the pharmacological action of (promising) metallodrugs.
  • Mechanisms of metal and metal-based compound toxicity.
  • In vitro and in vivo toxicity evaluation of (promising) metallodrugs.
  • Interaction of metal-containing compounds with target molecules.

We look forward to receiving your contributions.

Prof. Danijela Z. Krstić
Guest Editor

Manuscript Submission Information

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Keywords

  • metal elements and ions
  • metal complexes
  • metal nanoclusters
  • pharmacology andpharmacokinetics
  • in vitro toxicity
  • in vivo toxicity
  • toxicity biomarkers
  • enzymes as pharmacological and toxicity targets
  • toxicity mechanisms
  • metallodrugs

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Published Papers (1 paper)

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Research

25 pages, 9830 KB  
Article
Yeast Phenomic Analysis Reveals DNA Repair, pH Homeostasis, and Ribosomal Biogenesis as Modulators of Anticancer Ruthenium Complex KP1019
by Amanda F. Bible, Jackson S. Blackman, John W. Rodgers, Samuel R. Gary, Megan Rainey, Mary E. Miller, Alexander Stepanov, John L. Hartman 4th, Laura K. Stultz and Pamela K. Hanson
Int. J. Mol. Sci. 2026, 27(7), 3275; https://doi.org/10.3390/ijms27073275 - 4 Apr 2026
Viewed by 396
Abstract
The anticancer ruthenium complex indazolium trans-[tetrachlorobis(1H-indazole) ruthenate (III)—also known as KP1019—inhibits cancer cell proliferation in vitro, causes tumor regression in animal models, and showed no dose-limiting toxicity in a phase I clinical trial. Previous studies found that KP1019 damages DNA [...] Read more.
The anticancer ruthenium complex indazolium trans-[tetrachlorobis(1H-indazole) ruthenate (III)—also known as KP1019—inhibits cancer cell proliferation in vitro, causes tumor regression in animal models, and showed no dose-limiting toxicity in a phase I clinical trial. Previous studies found that KP1019 damages DNA in both cancer cells and the budding yeast Saccharomyces cerevisiae. To identify other potential targets of KP1019 along with pathways that modulate the drug’s cellular effects, we screened the yeast gene deletion strain library by quantitative high-throughput cell array phenotyping (Q-HTCP). Fitness differences, as judged by growth curve analysis, identified genes for which loss of function (gene deletion) interacts with (enhances or suppresses) KP1019 effects. Drug-enhancing deletions were enriched for DNA repair functions, consistent with DNA damage being a primary target of KP1019 in yeast. pH homeostasis also modified the effects of KP1019. Drug-suppressing deletions prominently involved ribosomal proteins. A mechanistic link between ribosomal protein function and KP1019 toxicity was supported by dose-dependent accumulation of Rpl7a-GFP in the nucleolus, which is a hallmark of ribosomal biogenesis stress. Furthermore, KP1019 acted synergistically with the TOR pathway inhibitor everolimus to inhibit cell proliferation. The resulting model, wherein KP1019 perturbs ribosome assembly, can inform the design of future combination therapies. Full article
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