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Latest Molecular Advances in Autophagy

A special issue of International Journal of Molecular Sciences (ISSN 1422-0067). This special issue belongs to the section "Molecular Biology".

Deadline for manuscript submissions: 20 August 2025 | Viewed by 1280

Special Issue Editor


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Guest Editor
Department of Experimental Medicine, “Sapienza” University of Rome, 00161 Rome, Italy
Interests: autophagy; signaling pathway

Special Issue Information

Dear Colleagues,

Autophagy is a fundamental mechanism in the regulation of cell fate, playing a crucial role in the selective removal of protein aggregates and dysfunctional organelles. The degradation products, such as amino acids, lipids, and sugars, are recycled to support cell survival, especially during nutrient deprivation.

Autophagy and apoptosis are two essential processes that govern cell fate, and their signaling pathways are highly interconnected through various mechanisms of crosstalk. A key site for this interaction is the mitochondria-associated membranes (MAMs), which function as regulatory hubs for both apoptosis and autophagy, as well as for tumor growth, thus influencing the balance between cell survival and death under both physiological and pathological conditions.

This growing understanding of MAMs and their associated molecular mechanisms opens new avenues for therapeutic strategies targeting cancer and autoimmune diseases. Autophagy has also been identified as a crucial process in the survival and function of T and B lymphocytes, with its activation playing a role in resistance to apoptosis in autoimmune disorders. Beyond its conventional roles, autophagy has been shown to facilitate the secretion of cytosolic and membrane proteins through an unconventional pathway, impacting intercellular communication—a process referred to as "secretory autophagy".

The aim of this Special Issue is to delve into the signaling pathways governing autophagy and their regulatory mechanisms, while investigating the bioactive properties of antitumor drugs, with a particular focus on their role in modulating cell death and autophagy-related processes that contribute to tumor progression. Additionally, it seeks to uncover how the interplay between autophagy and apoptosis influences therapeutic outcomes in cancer and autoimmune diseases.

Gaining deeper insights into the latest molecular advances in autophagy is crucial for understanding the regulatory mechanisms that govern cell death and survival. This knowledge could pave the way for innovative therapeutic approaches in cancer and autoimmune diseases.

Dr. Gloria Riitano
Guest Editor

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Keywords

  • autophagy
  • lipid rafts
  • Beclin 1
  • autoimmune diseases
  • cancer
  • clock genes
  • CLOCK

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Published Papers (1 paper)

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Research

16 pages, 3266 KiB  
Article
Tracking Chaperone-Mediated Autophagy Flux with a pH-Resistant Fluorescent Reporter
by Ruotong Qi, Xingyi Chen, Zihan Li, Zheng Wang, Zhuohui Xiao, Xinyue Li, Yuanyuan Han, Hongfei Zheng, Yanjun Wu and Yi Xu
Int. J. Mol. Sci. 2025, 26(1), 17; https://doi.org/10.3390/ijms26010017 - 24 Dec 2024
Viewed by 939
Abstract
Chaperone-mediated autophagy (CMA) is a selective autophagic pathway responsible for degrading cytoplasmic proteins within lysosomes. Monitoring CMA flux is essential for understanding its functions and molecular mechanisms but remains technically complex and challenging. In this study, we developed a pH-resistant probe, KFERQ-Gamillus, by [...] Read more.
Chaperone-mediated autophagy (CMA) is a selective autophagic pathway responsible for degrading cytoplasmic proteins within lysosomes. Monitoring CMA flux is essential for understanding its functions and molecular mechanisms but remains technically complex and challenging. In this study, we developed a pH-resistant probe, KFERQ-Gamillus, by screening various green fluorescent proteins. This probe is activated under conditions known to induce CMA, such as serum starvation, and relies on LAMP2A and the KFERQ motif for lysosomal localization and degradation, demonstrating its specificity for the CMA pathway. It enables the detection of CMA activity in living cells through both microscopy and image-based flow cytometry. Additionally, we created a dual-reporter system, KFERQ-Gamillus-Halo, by integrating KFERQ-Gamillus with the Halo-tag system. This probe not only distinguishes between protein synthesis and degradation but also facilitates the detection of intracellular CMA flux via immunoblotting and the rapid assessment of CMA activity using flow cytometry. Together, the KFERQ-Gamillus-Halo probe provides quantitative and time-resolved monitoring for CMA activity and flux in living cells. This tool holds promising potential for high-throughput screening and biomedical research related to CMA. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Latest Molecular Advances in Autophagy)
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