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Biologically Synthesized Nanomaterials and Their Nanocomposites for Biomedical Applications

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A special issue of International Journal of Molecular Sciences (ISSN 1422-0067). This special issue belongs to the section "Macromolecules".

Deadline for manuscript submissions: closed (31 January 2022) | Viewed by 14687

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Special Issue Editors

Dr. Pooyan Makvandi

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Guest Editor

Istituto Italiano di Tecnologia, Centre for Materials Interface, viale Rinaldo Piaggio 34, 56025 Pontedera, Pisa, Italy
Interests: nanomaterials; antimicrobial compounds; tissue regeneration; hydrogels; smart materials; microneedles
Special Issues, Collections and Topics in MDPI journals

Dr. Ehsan Nazarzadeh Zare

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Guest Editor

School of Chemistry, Damghan University, Damghan 36716-45667, Iran
Interests: nanocomposite; polymers; catalysis; biomaterials
Special Issues, Collections and Topics in MDPI journals

Special Issue Information

Dear colleagues,

The unique and superior properties of nanomaterials have revealed strong potential for rapid development of nanotechnology based biomedical applications. There are already some nanomaterials-based products are available in the market and many are in the pipeline for commercialization. Of various methods for the synthesis of nanosized materials, green approaches by using natural materials are widely adopted in biomedical fields to avoid organic passivators which are hazardous both for the environment and human body. Over the last decade, many studies have been devoted to preparing green nanomaterials that possess biological activities for various medicinal applications. Therefore, the objective of this research topic is use of biosynthesized nanomaterials and their biocomposites for various biomedical applications such as dental composites, tissue engineering, drug delivery, biosensors, microneedles patches, and phot thermal therapy.

The aim of this Special Issue is to collate original research and review articles with a focus on the nanomaterial and nanocomposites and their biomedical applications. Potential topics include but are not limited to the following:

Green synthesis of nanosized materials with biological activity
Bionanocomposites for regenerative medicine
Biosynthesized nanomaterials for cancer therapy
Nanomaterials for bio-sensing
Nanomaterials for microneedles patches
Nanomaterials for targeted delivery
Nanomaterials for wound healing and wound dressing
Microorganism mediated synthesis
Functionalization/decoration for infection therapy
Plant-mediated synthesis

Dr. Pooyan Makvandi
Dr. Ehsan Nazarzadeh Zare
Guest Editors

Manuscript Submission Information

Manuscripts should be submitted online at www.mdpi.com by registering and logging in to this website. Once you are registered, click here to go to the submission form. Manuscripts can be submitted until the deadline. All submissions that pass pre-check are peer-reviewed. Accepted papers will be published continuously in the journal (as soon as accepted) and will be listed together on the special issue website. Research articles, review articles as well as short communications are invited. For planned papers, a title and short abstract (about 100 words) can be sent to the Editorial Office for announcement on this website.

Submitted manuscripts should not have been published previously, nor be under consideration for publication elsewhere (except conference proceedings papers). All manuscripts are thoroughly refereed through a single-blind peer-review process. A guide for authors and other relevant information for submission of manuscripts is available on the Instructions for Authors page. International Journal of Molecular Sciences is an international peer-reviewed open access semimonthly journal published by MDPI.

Please visit the Instructions for Authors page before submitting a manuscript. There is an Article Processing Charge (APC) for publication in this open access journal. For details about the APC please see here. Submitted papers should be well formatted and use good English. Authors may use MDPI's English editing service prior to publication or during author revisions.

Keywords

Nanomaterials
Metal nanoparticles
Nanocomposites
Biomedical applications
Green synthesis

Published Papers (4 papers)

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Research

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14 pages, 3242 KiB

Open AccessArticle

Neuron Compatibility and Antioxidant Activity of Barium Titanate and Lithium Niobate Nanoparticles

by Mariarita Candito, Edi Simoni, Erica Gentilin, Alessandro Martini, Gino Marioni, Serena Danti and Laura Astolfi

Int. J. Mol. Sci. 2022, 23(3), 1761; https://doi.org/10.3390/ijms23031761 - 03 Feb 2022

Cited by 11 | Viewed by 1938

Abstract

The biocompatibility and the antioxidant activity of barium titanate (BaTiO₃) and lithium niobate (LiNbO₃) were investigated on a neuronal cell line, the PC12, to explore the possibility of using piezoelectric nanoparticles in the treatment of inner ear diseases, avoiding damage to neurons, the most delicate and sensitive human cells. The cytocompatibility of the compounds was verified by analysing cell viability, cell morphology, apoptotic markers, oxidative stress and neurite outgrowth. The results showed that BaTiO₃ and LiNbO₃ nanoparticles do not affect the viability, morphological features, cytochrome c distribution and production of reactive oxygen species (ROS) by PC12 cells, and stimulate neurite branching. These data suggest the biocompatibility of BaTiO₃ and LiNbO₃ nanoparticles, and that they could be suitable candidates to improve the efficiency of new implantable hearing devices without damaging the neuronal cells. Full article

(This article belongs to the Special Issue Biologically Synthesized Nanomaterials and Their Nanocomposites for Biomedical Applications)

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18 pages, 7053 KiB

Open AccessArticle

Bioactive Carboxymethyl Starch-Based Hydrogels Decorated with CuO Nanoparticles: Antioxidant and Antimicrobial Properties and Accelerated Wound Healing In Vivo

by Zahra Abdollahi, Ehsan Nazarzadeh Zare, Fatemeh Salimi, Iran Goudarzi, Franklin R. Tay and Pooyan Makvandi

Int. J. Mol. Sci. 2021, 22(5), 2531; https://doi.org/10.3390/ijms22052531 - 03 Mar 2021

Cited by 86 | Viewed by 5200

Abstract

In this study, nanocomposite hydrogels composed of sodium carboxymethylated starch (CMS)-containing CuO nanoparticles (CMS@CuO) were synthesized and used as experimental wound healing materials. The hydrogels were fabricated by a solution-casting technique using citric acid as a crosslinking agent. They were characterized by Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), energy-dispersive X-ray spectroscopy (EDS), X-ray diffraction (XRD), field emission scanning electron microscopy (FESEM), and thermogravimetric analysis (TGA) to evaluate their physicochemical properties. In addition, swelling, antibacterial activities, antioxidant activities, cytotoxicity, and in vivo wound healing were investigated to evaluate the wound healing potential of the CMS@CuO nanocomposite hydrogels. Growth inhibition of the Gram-positive and Gram-negative pathogens, antioxidant activity, and swelling were observed in the CMS@CuO nanocomposite hydrogels containing 2 wt.% and 4 wt.% CuO nanoparticles. The hydrogel containing 2 wt.% CuO nanoparticles displayed low toxicity to human fibroblasts and exhibited good biocompatibility. Wounds created in rats and treated with the CMS@2%CuO nanocomposite hydrogel healed within 13 days, whereas wounds were still present when treated for the same time-period with CMS only. The impact of antibacterial and antioxidant activities on accelerating wound healing could be ascribed to the antibacterial and antioxidant activities of the nanocomposite hydrogel. Incorporation of CuO nanoparticles in the hydrogel improved its antibacterial properties, antioxidant activity, and degree of swelling. The present nanocomposite hydrogel has the potential to be used clinically as a novel wound healing material. Full article

(This article belongs to the Special Issue Biologically Synthesized Nanomaterials and Their Nanocomposites for Biomedical Applications)

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Review

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15 pages, 1773 KiB

Open AccessReview

Application of Carbon Nanoparticles in Oncology and Regenerative Medicine

by Katarzyna Lisik and Anita Krokosz

Int. J. Mol. Sci. 2021, 22(15), 8341; https://doi.org/10.3390/ijms22158341 - 03 Aug 2021

Cited by 17 | Viewed by 3377

Abstract

Currently, carbon nanoparticles play a large role as carriers of various types of drugs, and also have applications in other fields of medicine, e.g., in tissue engineering, where they are used to reconstruct bone tissue. They also contribute to the early detection of cancer cells, and can act as markers in imaging diagnostics. Their antibacterial and anti-inflammatory properties are also known. This feature is particularly important in dental implantology, where various types of bacterial infections and implant rejection often occur. The search for newer and more effective treatments may lead to future use of nanoparticles on a large scale. In this work, the current state of knowledge on the possible use of nanotubes, nanodiamonds, and fullerenes in therapy is reviewed. Both advantages and disadvantages of the use of carbon nanoparticles in therapy and diagnostics have been indicated. Full article

(This article belongs to the Special Issue Biologically Synthesized Nanomaterials and Their Nanocomposites for Biomedical Applications)

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31 pages, 6386 KiB

Open AccessReview

Recent Advances in Carbon Nanodots: A Promising Nanomaterial for Biomedical Applications

by Safeera Khan, Andrew Dunphy, Mmesoma S. Anike, Sarah Belperain, Kamal Patel, Norman H. L. Chiu and Zhenquan Jia

Int. J. Mol. Sci. 2021, 22(13), 6786; https://doi.org/10.3390/ijms22136786 - 24 Jun 2021

Cited by 21 | Viewed by 2832

Abstract

Carbon nanodots (CNDs) are an emerging class of nanomaterials and have generated much interest in the field of biomedicine by way of unique properties, such as superior biocompatibility, stability, excellent photoluminescence, simple green synthesis, and easy surface modification. CNDs have been featured in a host of applications, including bioimaging, biosensing, and therapy. In this review, we summarize the latest research progress of CNDs and discuss key advances in our comprehension of CNDs and their potential as biomedical tools. We highlighted the recent developments in the understanding of the functional tailoring of CNDs by modifying dopants and surface molecules, which have yielded a deeper understanding of their antioxidant behavior and mechanisms of action. The increasing amount of in vitro research regarding CNDs has also spawned interest in in vivo practices. Chief among them, we discuss the emergence of research analyzing CNDs as useful therapeutic agents in various disease states. Each subject is debated with reflection on future studies that may further our grasp of CNDs. Full article

(This article belongs to the Special Issue Biologically Synthesized Nanomaterials and Their Nanocomposites for Biomedical Applications)

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