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Molecular Mechanisms of Carcinogenesis in Airways Tumors
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Molecular Mechanisms of Carcinogenesis in Airways Tumors

A special issue of International Journal of Molecular Sciences (ISSN 1422-0067). This special issue belongs to the section "Molecular Pathology, Diagnostics, and Therapeutics".

Deadline for manuscript submissions: closed (31 May 2023) | Viewed by 8887

Special Issue Editors

Dr. Alessandro Marchioni

E-Mail Website
Guest Editor
Respiratory Diseases Unit, University Hospital of Modena, 41124 Modena, Italy
Interests: respiratory physiology; mechanical ventilation; interstitial lung diseases; interventional pneumology; stem cells in pulmonary disease; airway repair and regeneration
Special Issues, Collections and Topics in MDPI journals
Dr. Davide Soloperto

E-Mail Website
Guest Editor
Division of Otolaryngology, Head and Neck Surgery Department, University Hospital of Verona, Piazzale L.A. Scuro 10, 37134 Verona, Italy
Interests: pediatric airways; otoneurology; head and neck tumors; endoscopic skull base surgery; hearing rehabilitation

Special Issue Information

Dear Colleagues,

Literature review and presentation of personal clinical experience in the management of airways tumors in adults and children, focussing on molecular mechanisms, oncogene promoters and suppressors role, and target therapy aspects. Special issue topics of interest but not limited to the following topics.

  • Target therapy in airways tumors
  • Minor airways salivary glands biological mechanisms
  • Carcinogenesis of tumors spreading in airways
  • Oncogene role in upper and lower airways tumors
  • Tumors of the nose and paranasal sinuses: promoting factors and molecular mechanisms
  • Byological mechanims of the tumors of lower airways
  • Carcinogenesis of tumors of airways in children
  • Tumors of the larynx: risk factors and oncogenesis

Dr. Alessandro Marchioni
Dr. Davide Soloperto
Guest Editors

Manuscript Submission Information

Manuscripts should be submitted online at www.mdpi.com by registering and logging in to this website. Once you are registered, click here to go to the submission form. Manuscripts can be submitted until the deadline. All submissions that pass pre-check are peer-reviewed. Accepted papers will be published continuously in the journal (as soon as accepted) and will be listed together on the special issue website. Research articles, review articles as well as short communications are invited. For planned papers, a title and short abstract (about 100 words) can be sent to the Editorial Office for announcement on this website.

Submitted manuscripts should not have been published previously, nor be under consideration for publication elsewhere (except conference proceedings papers). All manuscripts are thoroughly refereed through a single-blind peer-review process. A guide for authors and other relevant information for submission of manuscripts is available on the Instructions for Authors page. International Journal of Molecular Sciences is an international peer-reviewed open access semimonthly journal published by MDPI.

Please visit the Instructions for Authors page before submitting a manuscript. There is an Article Processing Charge (APC) for publication in this open access journal. For details about the APC please see here. Submitted papers should be well formatted and use good English. Authors may use MDPI's English editing service prior to publication or during author revisions.

Keywords

  • airways tumors
  • risk factors
  • larynx
  • trachea
  • children
  • molecular mechanisms

Published Papers (4 papers)

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Review

12 pages, 498 KiB  
Review
Updates on Larynx Cancer: Risk Factors and Oncogenesis
by Carlotta Liberale, Davide Soloperto, Alessandro Marchioni, Daniele Monzani and Luca Sacchetto
Int. J. Mol. Sci. 2023, 24(16), 12913; https://doi.org/10.3390/ijms241612913 - 18 Aug 2023
Cited by 5 | Viewed by 2875
Abstract
Laryngeal cancer is a very common tumor in the upper aero-digestive tract. Understanding its biological mechanisms has garnered significant interest in recent years. The development of laryngeal squamous cell carcinoma (LSCC) follows a multistep process starting from precursor lesions in the epithelium. Various [...] Read more.
Laryngeal cancer is a very common tumor in the upper aero-digestive tract. Understanding its biological mechanisms has garnered significant interest in recent years. The development of laryngeal squamous cell carcinoma (LSCC) follows a multistep process starting from precursor lesions in the epithelium. Various risk factors have been associated with laryngeal tumors, including smoking, alcohol consumption, opium use, as well as infections with HPV and EBV viruses, among others. Cancer development involves multiple steps, and genetic alterations play a crucial role. Tumor suppressor genes can be inactivated, and proto-oncogenes may become activated through mechanisms like deletions, point mutations, promoter methylation, and gene amplification. Epigenetic modifications, driven by miRNAs, have been proven to contribute to LSCC development. Despite advances in molecular medicine, there are still aspects of laryngeal cancer that remain poorly understood, and the underlying biological mechanisms have not been fully elucidated. In this narrative review, we examined the literature to analyze and summarize the main steps of carcinogenesis and the risk factors associated with laryngeal cancer. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Molecular Mechanisms of Carcinogenesis in Airways Tumors)
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23 pages, 1370 KiB  
Review
Molecular Biology and Therapeutic Targets of Primitive Tracheal Tumors: Focus on Tumors Derived by Salivary Glands and Squamous Cell Carcinoma
by Alessandro Marchioni, Roberto Tonelli, Anna Valeria Samarelli, Gaia Francesca Cappiello, Alessandro Andreani, Luca Tabbì, Francesco Livrieri, Annamaria Bosi, Ottavia Nori, Francesco Mattioli, Giulia Bruzzi, Daniele Marchioni and Enrico Clini
Int. J. Mol. Sci. 2023, 24(14), 11370; https://doi.org/10.3390/ijms241411370 - 12 Jul 2023
Cited by 3 | Viewed by 1496
Abstract
Primary tracheal tumors are rare, constituting approximately 0.1–0.4% of malignant diseases. Squamous cell carcinoma (SCC) and adenoid cystic carcinoma (ACC) account for about two-thirds of these tumors. Despite most primary tracheal cancers being eligible for surgery and/or radiotherapy, unresectable, recurrent and metastatic tumors [...] Read more.
Primary tracheal tumors are rare, constituting approximately 0.1–0.4% of malignant diseases. Squamous cell carcinoma (SCC) and adenoid cystic carcinoma (ACC) account for about two-thirds of these tumors. Despite most primary tracheal cancers being eligible for surgery and/or radiotherapy, unresectable, recurrent and metastatic tumors may require systemic treatments. Unfortunately, the poor response to available chemotherapy as well as the lack of other real therapeutic alternatives affects the quality of life and outcome of patients suffering from more advanced disease. In this condition, target therapy against driver mutations could constitute an alternative to chemotherapy, and may help in disease control. The past two decades have seen extraordinary progress in developing novel target treatment options, shifting the treatment paradigm for several cancers such as lung cancer. The improvement of knowledge regarding the genetic and biological alterations, of major primary tracheal tumors, has opened up new treatment perspectives, suggesting the possible role of biological targeted therapies for the treatment of these rare tumors. The purpose of this review is to outline the state of knowledge regarding the molecular biology, and the preliminary data on target treatments of the main primary tracheal tumors, focusing on salivary-gland-derived cancers and squamous cell carcinoma. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Molecular Mechanisms of Carcinogenesis in Airways Tumors)
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23 pages, 838 KiB  
Review
Tumors of the Nose and Paranasal Sinuses: Promoting Factors and Molecular Mechanisms—A Systematic Review
by Daniela Lucidi, Carla Cantaffa, Matteo Miglio, Federica Spina, Matteo Alicandri Ciufelli, Alessandro Marchioni and Daniele Marchioni
Int. J. Mol. Sci. 2023, 24(3), 2670; https://doi.org/10.3390/ijms24032670 - 31 Jan 2023
Cited by 3 | Viewed by 2598
Abstract
Sinonasal neoplasms are uncommon diseases, characterized by heterogeneous biological behavior, which frequently results in challenges in differential diagnosis and treatment choice. The aim of this review was to examine the pathogenesis and molecular mechanisms underlying the regulation of tumor initiation and growth, in [...] Read more.
Sinonasal neoplasms are uncommon diseases, characterized by heterogeneous biological behavior, which frequently results in challenges in differential diagnosis and treatment choice. The aim of this review was to examine the pathogenesis and molecular mechanisms underlying the regulation of tumor initiation and growth, in order to better define diagnostic and therapeutic strategies as well as the prognostic impact of these rare neoplasms. A systematic review according to Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis criteria was conducted between September and November 2022. The authors considered the three main histological patterns of sinonasal tumors, namely Squamous Cell Carcinoma, Intestinal-Type Adenocarcinoma, and Olfactory Neuroblastoma. In total, 246 articles were eventually included in the analysis. The genetic and epigenetic changes underlying the oncogenic process were discussed, through a qualitative synthesis of the included studies. The identification of a comprehensive model of carcinogenesis for each sinonasal cancer subtype is needed, in order to pave the way toward tailored treatment approaches and improve survival for this rare and challenging group of cancers. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Molecular Mechanisms of Carcinogenesis in Airways Tumors)
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13 pages, 685 KiB  
Review
Molecular Mechanisms of Carcinogenesis in Pediatric Airways Tumors
by Davide Soloperto, Sandra Gazzini and Raffaele Cerullo
Int. J. Mol. Sci. 2023, 24(3), 2195; https://doi.org/10.3390/ijms24032195 - 22 Jan 2023
Viewed by 1371
Abstract
Primary tumors of the airways in the pediatric population are very rare entities. For this reason, little is known about the pathogenesis of these neoplasms. Understanding the biology has different practical implications: for example, it could help in the differential diagnosis, have a [...] Read more.
Primary tumors of the airways in the pediatric population are very rare entities. For this reason, little is known about the pathogenesis of these neoplasms. Understanding the biology has different practical implications: for example, it could help in the differential diagnosis, have a prognostic significance, or may lead to the development of a targeted therapy. The aim of this article is to present the current knowledge about pediatric airways tumors, focusing on the molecular mechanisms that cause the onset and progression of these neoplasms. After a brief introduction of epidemiology and clinical presentation, the tumorigenesis of the most frequent pediatric airways tumors will be described: Juvenile-onset recurrent respiratory papillomatosis (JORRP), Subglottic Hemangiona (SH), Rhabdomyosarcoma (RMS), and Mucoepidermoid carcinoma (MEC). Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Molecular Mechanisms of Carcinogenesis in Airways Tumors)
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