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Drug Treatment for Bacterial Infections: 2nd Edition

A special issue of International Journal of Molecular Sciences (ISSN 1422-0067). This special issue belongs to the section "Molecular Pharmacology".

Deadline for manuscript submissions: 25 December 2026 | Viewed by 1103

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Department of Organic Chemistry, Faculty of Chemistry, University of Gdańsk, Gdańsk, Poland
Interests: carbohydrates; synthesis and analysis of sugar derivatives; vancomycin and its derivatives; sugar hydrazides; cationic sugar compounds; biological activity of sugar derivatives
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Special Issue Information

Dear Colleagues,

Bacterial infections—alongside viral and fungal infections—pose a major threat, particularly to human health. Due to their ability to mutate, bacteria can rapidly generate new strains that are resistant to existing antibiotics, creating a significant challenge in treating infections. Effective pharmacological management of bacterial infections therefore requires a balanced approach. On the one hand, drug therapy must be administered responsibly to reduce the risk of antimicrobial resistance. On the other hand, there remains a pressing need to identify new substances that are both more more effective and less toxic than currently available antibiotics. Promising results have also been observed with combination therapies containing multiple active substances.

The possibility of using targeted therapies to treat sites of inflammation is especially compelling. Novel drug formulations that enable controlled release of the active compound directly at the site of infection could reduce drug dosage requirements while improving therapeutic efficacy.

This Special Issue welcomes new research and review articles on drug therapy for bacterial infections, from new uses of approved drugs to new active substances and combination therapies, and further to innovative drug formulations.

Prof. Dr. Janusz Madaj
Guest Editor

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Keywords

  • bacterial infection
  • antibiotic-resistant bacteria
  • new agents in the treatment of bacterial infections
  • optimization of the use of already registered drugs
  • single antibacterial agents
  • combined antibacterial agents
  • new drug forms

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Published Papers (1 paper)

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Research

12 pages, 645 KB  
Article
CPP-PNA Conjugate-Mediated Inhibition of pdxA Gene Impairs Vitamin B6 Biosynthesis and Growth in Acinetobacter baumannii
by Wook-Jong Jeon, Ju Hui Seo, Yoo Jeong Kim, Song-mee Bae and Dong Chan Moon
Int. J. Mol. Sci. 2026, 27(2), 584; https://doi.org/10.3390/ijms27020584 - 6 Jan 2026
Viewed by 858
Abstract
Acinetobacter baumannii represents a critical-priority organism due to its multidrug resistance. The emergence of carbapenem-resistant strains poses a major clinical challenge, underscoring the urgent need for novel antibacterial agents with alternative mechanisms. As peptide nucleic acids (PNAs) have recently gained attention as antisense [...] Read more.
Acinetobacter baumannii represents a critical-priority organism due to its multidrug resistance. The emergence of carbapenem-resistant strains poses a major clinical challenge, underscoring the urgent need for novel antibacterial agents with alternative mechanisms. As peptide nucleic acids (PNAs) have recently gained attention as antisense therapeutics, we aimed to validate their potential as novel antimicrobial strategies against multidrug-resistant A. baumannii. We synthesized a cell-penetrating peptide (CPP)–PNA conjugate targeting pdxA, an essential gene involved in vitamin B6 biosynthesis. Among several candidate genes tested, the pdxA-targeting PNA exhibited the strongest inhibitory activity, achieving complete growth suppression of A. baumannii at 1.56 μM. Although quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction did not reveal significant reductions in pdxA transcript levels, ELISA quantification revealed an approximately 80% reduction in intracellular vitamin B6, indicating translational inhibition rather than mRNA degradation. The pdxA-targeting CPP–PNA showed negligible activity against other Gram-negative or Gram-positive species, indicating high target specificity; no detectable cytotoxicity in human cells was observed even at relatively high concentrations. CPP–PNA conjugates targeting pdxA interfere with vitamin B6 biosynthesis, leading to growth inhibition of A. baumannii. These findings support PNA as a promising antisense antimicrobial platform that inhibits multidrug-resistant A. baumannii by blocking vitamin B6 biosynthesis. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Drug Treatment for Bacterial Infections: 2nd Edition)
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