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Advanced Molecular Research in Thromboinflammation

A special issue of International Journal of Molecular Sciences (ISSN 1422-0067). This special issue belongs to the section "Molecular Pathology, Diagnostics, and Therapeutics".

Deadline for manuscript submissions: closed (25 February 2026) | Viewed by 1848

Special Issue Editor


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Guest Editor
Department of General Surgery and Surgical Specialty, Sapienza University of Rome, Piazzale Aldo Moro 5, 00185 Rome, Italy
Interests: anticoagulants; cardiovascular diseases; inflammation; thrombosis; venous thromboembolism
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Special Issue Information

Dear Colleagues,

In general, thromboinflammation refers to increased inflammation resulting from a thrombotic process. Initially, this term was used to describe the interaction between platelets and leukocytes, but it’s definition has since been extended to represent the strict relationship of platelets and coagulation factors with immune cells, endothelium, or complement systems. Activated platelets may favor leukocytes recruitment and differentiation into proinflammatory subtypes, oxidative stress development, and cytokine production. They may also affect the clearance of pathogens by increasing their phagocytosis and antibody production. Regarding coagulation cascades, coagulation factors may alter leukocyte trafficking and endothelial permeability, further interfering with inflammatory processes.

Despite the fact that several mechanisms of thromboinflammation have been identified over the last few years, our understanding of how the hemostatic system influences inflammatory and immune responses remains limited. Therefore, the aim of this Special Issue is to advance our knowledge of molecular pathways of thromboinflammation.

Dr. Emanuele Valeriani
Guest Editor

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Keywords

  • blood coagulation factors
  • blood platelets
  • endothelium
  • inflammation
  • thromboinflammation

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Published Papers (1 paper)

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Review

35 pages, 2912 KB  
Review
Total Thrombus-Formation Analysis System (T-TAS) in Aortopathies: A Conceptual and Potential Framework to Spatial Heterogeneity and Regional Context
by Sebastian Krych, Julia Gniewek, Marek Kolbowicz, Marta Stępień-Słodkowska, Maria Adamczyk, Tomasz Hrapkowicz and Paweł Kowalczyk
Int. J. Mol. Sci. 2026, 27(7), 3144; https://doi.org/10.3390/ijms27073144 - 30 Mar 2026
Viewed by 1350
Abstract
Thoracic aortopathies, including aneurysm and dissection, are complex vascular disorders characterized by structural alterations of the aortic wall that disrupt normal haemodynamics. Altered shear stress, turbulent flow, and endothelial dysfunction promote thrombus formation and modulate systemic hemostasis via platelet activation and the von [...] Read more.
Thoracic aortopathies, including aneurysm and dissection, are complex vascular disorders characterized by structural alterations of the aortic wall that disrupt normal haemodynamics. Altered shear stress, turbulent flow, and endothelial dysfunction promote thrombus formation and modulate systemic hemostasis via platelet activation and the von Willebrand factor–ADAMTS13 axis. The Total Thrombus-Formation Analysis System (T-TAS) is a microfluidic, flow-dependent assay that quantitatively evaluates thrombus formation under physiological shear conditions. Although studied in various cardiovascular contexts, its application in aortopathies remains largely unexplored, and no prospective studies have validated its clinical utility. Integrating T-TAS with computational haemodynamic approaches, such as two-way fluid–structure interaction simulations, enables assessment of the interplay between blood flow, vessel wall mechanics, pulse wave propagation, and local shear patterns. Patient-specific modelling, including individualized flow profiles, pressure distributions, and wall properties, may enhance mechanistic insights. Genetic variants in Fibrillin-1 gene (FBN1), Transforming Growth Factor Beta Receptor 1/2 (TGFBR1/2), Actin Alpha 2 (ACTA 2), and Myosin Heavy Chain 11 (MYH11) further contribute to structural vascular heterogeneity and diverse systemic haemostatic phenotypes, highlighting the need for personalized assessment. T-TAS should currently be considered an exploratory research tool rather than a validated diagnostic or prognostic method. This narrative review proposes a hypothesis-generating framework integrating structural, haemodynamic, molecular, and functional perspectives. Combining flow-based thrombosis assays with advanced modelling may inform future translational studies, improve mechanistic understanding of thrombus formation, and support personalized risk stratification and management in patients with thoracic aortopathies. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Advanced Molecular Research in Thromboinflammation)
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