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New Aspects of Bioenergetics in Cancer

A special issue of International Journal of Molecular Sciences (ISSN 1422-0067). This special issue belongs to the section "Molecular Oncology".

Deadline for manuscript submissions: closed (20 June 2025) | Viewed by 2353

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Department of Pharmacology, Toxicology & Neuroscience, LSU Health Sciences Center, 1501 Kings Highway, Shreveport, LA 71130, USA
Interests: carcinogenesis; oxidative stress; toxicology; cancer metabolism
Special Issues, Collections and Topics in MDPI journals

Special Issue Information

Dear Colleagues,

Dysregulating cellular metabolism is one of the hallmarks of cancer, and cancer bioenergetics is a critical portion of cancer metabolism, playing an important role in ATP production, biosynthesis and redox balance in cancer cells. Cancer bioenergetics include, but are not limited to, the following topics:

  • Mutational activation of metabolic enzymes in cancer;
  • Epigenetic regulation of cancer biogenetics;
  • Biogenetics regulated by oncogenes/tumor suppressor genes; 
  • Kinases/phosphatases in cancer biogenetics;
  • Membrane transporters in cancer metabolism;
  • New concepts in cancer bioenergetics;
  • New tools to study cancer biogenetics;
  • Other topics in cancer metabolism.

Dr. Yunfeng Zhao
Guest Editor

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Keywords

  • cancer metabolism
  • bioenergetics
  • mitochondria
  • redox

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Published Papers (2 papers)

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Research

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13 pages, 3486 KiB  
Article
NAD+ Boosting Through NRH Supplementation Enhances Treatment Efficacy in EOC In Vitro
by Kevin J. Lee, Sagar Chokshi, Tanvi Joshi, Mackenzie Cummings, Catherine E. Lyons, Mary Howard Singleton, Elizabeth Catranis, Luciana Madiera da Silva, Faisal Hayat, Marie Migaud and Jennifer Scalici
Int. J. Mol. Sci. 2025, 26(4), 1719; https://doi.org/10.3390/ijms26041719 - 18 Feb 2025
Viewed by 1549
Abstract
Dihydronicotinamide rioside (NRH), the reduced form of nicotinamide riboside (NR), is a recently identified, naturally occurring precursor of arguably the most crucial cofactor for cellular function, nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide (NAD+). Recent investigation suggests that NRH is more adept at increasing NAD+ stores than [...] Read more.
Dihydronicotinamide rioside (NRH), the reduced form of nicotinamide riboside (NR), is a recently identified, naturally occurring precursor of arguably the most crucial cofactor for cellular function, nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide (NAD+). Recent investigation suggests that NRH is more adept at increasing NAD+ stores than traditional NAD+ precursors, and such extreme NAD+ boosting via NRH supplementation induces cytotoxicity in certain cellular contexts. It has also been shown that the lack of functional BRCA protein in epithelial ovarian cancer (EOC) directly impacts intracellular NAD+ levels. Given that altered cellular metabolism and DNA repair mechanisms are central alterations in EOC, and these processes are functionally dependent on NAD+, we sought to assess whether NRH supplementation in EOC cell lines enhanced cellular cytotoxicity alone and in combination with standard therapeutic agents. Significant cytotoxicity was noted in NRH treated cells (~40%) with minimal cell death in the nicotinic acid (NA)-treated lines. Levels of NAD(P)H were confirmed to have increased with NRH supplementation, albeit at different levels among the different cell lines. Overall, the cytotoxicity associated with NRH supplementation appears to be independent of ROS generation. Strikingly, NRH supplementation enhanced cytotoxicity of carboplatin in OVCAR8, but not ES2 or SKOV3. Paclitaxel cytotoxicity was also enhanced by the addition of NRH in OVCAR8, but not ES2 or SKOV3 cell lines. NA supplementation had no effect on baseline treatment-induced cytotoxicity. PARP inhibition by olaparib requires NAD+. Interestingly, NRH supplementation enhanced olaparib cytotoxicity in SKOV3 and OVCAR8, but not ES2 cells. NRH in combination with olaparib completely altered mitochondrial respiration, thereby shutting down energy consumption, which would lead to cell death. Coupled together with expression data of key enzymes required for NRH/NAD metabolism, this could be key in understanding mechanisms of cell death with NRH supplementation. Here, we showed that in the context of EOC, exploitation of the NAD+ bioenergetic phenotype through NRH supplementation is a biologically feasible strategy to enhance the response of traditional therapy with potentially minimal toxicity. These data suggest several potential mechanisms by which cellular NAD+ availability impacts treatment efficacy and resistance and highlights the potential utility of NAD+ metabolomics as a biomarker to guide treatment decisions. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue New Aspects of Bioenergetics in Cancer)
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Review

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17 pages, 750 KiB  
Review
The ADCK Kinase Family: Key Regulators of Bioenergetics and Mitochondrial Function and Their Implications in Human Cancers
by Noel Jacquet and Yunfeng Zhao
Int. J. Mol. Sci. 2025, 26(12), 5783; https://doi.org/10.3390/ijms26125783 - 17 Jun 2025
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Abstract
AarF domain-containing kinases (ADCKs) are a family of putative mitochondrial proteins that have been implicated in various aspects of mitochondrial function and cellular metabolism. Mitochondria play a crucial role in cellular bioenergetics, primarily in adenosine triphosphate (ATP) production, while also regulating metabolism, thermogenesis, [...] Read more.
AarF domain-containing kinases (ADCKs) are a family of putative mitochondrial proteins that have been implicated in various aspects of mitochondrial function and cellular metabolism. Mitochondria play a crucial role in cellular bioenergetics, primarily in adenosine triphosphate (ATP) production, while also regulating metabolism, thermogenesis, apoptosis, and reactive oxygen species (ROS) generation. Evidence suggests that the ADCK family of proteins is involved in maintaining mitochondrial architecture and homeostasis. In detail, these proteins are believed to play a role in processes such as coenzyme Q biosynthesis, energy production, and cellular metabolism. There are five known isoforms of ADCK (ADCK1–ADCK5), some of which have similar activities, and each also has its own unique biological functions. Dysregulation or mutations in specific ADCK isoforms have been linked to several pathological conditions, including multiple human cancers, primary coenzyme Q10 (CoQ10) deficiency, and metabolic disorders. This review surveys the current body of peer-reviewed research on the ADCK protein family, incorporating data from the primary literature, case studies, and experimental studies conducted in both in vitro and in vivo systems. It also draws on existing review articles and known published findings to provide a comprehensive overview of the functional roles, disease associations, and molecular mechanisms of ADCK proteins. Further in-depth research on ADCK proteins has the potential to unlock critical insights into their precise mechanisms. This could pave the way for identifying new therapeutic targets for mitochondrial and metabolic-related diseases, as well as for advancing cancer treatment strategies. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue New Aspects of Bioenergetics in Cancer)
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