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Organoids: The New 3D-Frontier to Model Different Diseases In Vitro 2.0

A special issue of International Journal of Molecular Sciences (ISSN 1422-0067). This special issue belongs to the section "Biochemistry".

Deadline for manuscript submissions: 30 July 2024 | Viewed by 1406

Special Issue Editors

Dr. Alessandra Cazzaniga

E-Mail Website
Guest Editor
Department of Biomedical and Clinical Sciences, Università di Milano, 20157 Milano, Italy
Interests: magnesium; organoids; iPS; mesenchymal stem cells; endothelium
Special Issues, Collections and Topics in MDPI journals
Dr. Sara Castiglioni

E-Mail Website
Guest Editor
Department of Biomedical and Clinical Sciences, Università di Milano, 20157 Milano, Italy
Interests: molecular and cellular biology;osteogenic and miogenic differentiation; magnesium; microgravity
Special Issues, Collections and Topics in MDPI journals

Special Issue Information

Dear Colleagues,

This Special Issue is a continuation of our previous successful Special Issue “Organoids: The New 3D-Frontier to Model Different Diseases In Vitro”.

Organoids are miniaturized replicates of human organs that recreate their architecture and physiology. They are generated from patient biopsy samples or from induced pluripotent stem cells and provide an unprecedented tool to model organogenesis and human diseases. Organoids have been used to study genetic disorders and infectious diseases, as well as for drug screening. They represent a valid alternative or complement to animal models, because it is complex to extrapolate results from model systems to humans. On the other hand, it is well known that biological processes specific to the human body cannot be modelled in other animals. Moreover, organoids might become a useful tool in the perspective of personalized medicine and therapy.

This Special Issue calls for papers presenting the implementation of organoid technology and offering novel insights into organogenesis, as well as into the pathophysiology of diseases.

Dr. Alessandra Cazzaniga
Dr. Sara Castiglioni
Guest Editors

Manuscript Submission Information

Manuscripts should be submitted online at www.mdpi.com by registering and logging in to this website. Once you are registered, click here to go to the submission form. Manuscripts can be submitted until the deadline. All submissions that pass pre-check are peer-reviewed. Accepted papers will be published continuously in the journal (as soon as accepted) and will be listed together on the special issue website. Research articles, review articles as well as short communications are invited. For planned papers, a title and short abstract (about 100 words) can be sent to the Editorial Office for announcement on this website.

Submitted manuscripts should not have been published previously, nor be under consideration for publication elsewhere (except conference proceedings papers). All manuscripts are thoroughly refereed through a single-blind peer-review process. A guide for authors and other relevant information for submission of manuscripts is available on the Instructions for Authors page. International Journal of Molecular Sciences is an international peer-reviewed open access semimonthly journal published by MDPI.

Please visit the Instructions for Authors page before submitting a manuscript. There is an Article Processing Charge (APC) for publication in this open access journal. For details about the APC please see here. Submitted papers should be well formatted and use good English. Authors may use MDPI's English editing service prior to publication or during author revisions.

Keywords

  • organoids
  • organoid technology
  • brain
  • gut
  • liver
  • organogenesis
  • vascularization
  • metabolism
  • inflammation
  • stress
  • cancer

Published Papers (2 papers)

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Research

14 pages, 4022 KiB  
Article
Differential Colonization and Mucus Ultrastructure Visualization in Bovine Ileal and Rectal Organoid-Derived Monolayers Exposed to Enterohemorrhagic Escherichia coli
by Minae Kawasaki and Yoko M. Ambrosini
Int. J. Mol. Sci. 2024, 25(9), 4914; https://doi.org/10.3390/ijms25094914 (registering DOI) - 30 Apr 2024
Abstract
Enterohemorrhagic Escherichia coli (EHEC) is a critical public health concern due to its role in severe gastrointestinal illnesses in humans, including hemorrhagic colitis and the life-threatening hemolytic uremic syndrome. While highly pathogenic to humans, cattle, the main reservoir for EHEC, often remain asymptomatic [...] Read more.
Enterohemorrhagic Escherichia coli (EHEC) is a critical public health concern due to its role in severe gastrointestinal illnesses in humans, including hemorrhagic colitis and the life-threatening hemolytic uremic syndrome. While highly pathogenic to humans, cattle, the main reservoir for EHEC, often remain asymptomatic carriers, complicating efforts to control its spread. Our study introduces a novel method to investigate EHEC using organoid-derived monolayers from adult bovine ileum and rectum. These polarized epithelial monolayers were exposed to EHEC for four hours, allowing us to perform comparative analyses between the ileal and rectal tissues. Our findings mirrored in vivo observations, showing a higher colonization rate in the rectum compared with the ileum (44.0% vs. 16.5%, p < 0.05). Both tissues exhibited an inflammatory response with increased expression levels of TNF-a (p < 0.05) and a more pronounced increase of IL-8 in the rectum (p < 0.01). Additionally, the impact of EHEC on the mucus barrier varied across these gastrointestinal regions. Innovative visualization techniques helped us study the ultrastructure of mucus, revealing a net-like mucin glycoprotein organization. While further cellular differentiation could enhance model accuracy, our research significantly deepens understanding of EHEC pathogenesis in cattle and informs strategies for the preventative measures and therapeutic interventions. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Organoids: The New 3D-Frontier to Model Different Diseases In Vitro 2.0)
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15 pages, 2226 KiB  
Article
Traces of Canine Inflammatory Bowel Disease Reflected by Intestinal Organoids
by Barbara Pratscher, Benno Kuropka, Georg Csukovich, Pavlos G. Doulidis, Katrin Spirk, Nina Kramer, Patricia Freund, Alexandro Rodríguez-Rojas and Iwan A. Burgener
Int. J. Mol. Sci. 2024, 25(1), 576; https://doi.org/10.3390/ijms25010576 - 01 Jan 2024
Viewed by 1061
Abstract
Inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) is a chronic inflammatory condition that affects humans and several domestic animal species, including cats and dogs. In this study, we have analyzed duodenal organoids derived from canine IBD patients using quantitative proteomics. Our objective was to investigate whether [...] Read more.
Inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) is a chronic inflammatory condition that affects humans and several domestic animal species, including cats and dogs. In this study, we have analyzed duodenal organoids derived from canine IBD patients using quantitative proteomics. Our objective was to investigate whether these organoids show phenotypic traits of the disease compared with control organoids obtained from healthy donors. To this aim, IBD and control organoids were subjected to quantitative proteomics analysis via liquid chromatography–mass spectrometry. The obtained data revealed notable differences between the two groups. The IBD organoids exhibited several alterations at the levels of multiple proteins that are consistent with some known IBD alterations. The observed phenotype in the IBD organoids to some degree mirrors the corresponding intestinal condition, rendering them a compelling approach for investigating the disease and advancing drug exploration. Additionally, our study revealed similarities to some human IBD biomarkers, further emphasizing the translational and comparative value of dogs for future investigations related to the causes and treatment of IBD. Relevant proteins such as CALU, FLNA, MSN and HMGA2, which are related to intestinal diseases, were all upregulated in the IBD duodenal organoids. At the same time, other proteins such as intestinal keratins and the mucosal immunity PIGR were depleted in these IBD organoids. Based on these findings, we propose that these organoids could serve as a valuable tool for evaluating the efficacy of therapeutic interventions against canine IBD. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Organoids: The New 3D-Frontier to Model Different Diseases In Vitro 2.0)
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