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Molecular Biology of Periodontal Disease and Periodontal Pathogens

A special issue of International Journal of Molecular Sciences (ISSN 1422-0067). This special issue belongs to the section "Molecular Pathology, Diagnostics, and Therapeutics".

Deadline for manuscript submissions: 20 February 2026 | Viewed by 724

Special Issue Editors


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Guest Editor
Periodontology Unit, Faculty of Medicine and Dentistry, University of Santiago de Compostela, Santiago de Compostela, Spain
Interests: dentistry; periodontitis; inflammation; infection; education; comorbidities; systemic health

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Guest Editor
Clinical Research Unit, Centro de Investigação Interdisciplinar Egas Moniz, Egas Moniz—Cooperativa de Ensino Superior, CRL, 2829-511 Almada, Portugal
Interests: periodontal diseases; periodontitis; systemic inflammation; cardiovascular diseases; neurological conditions; metabolic disorders; systematic review; meta-analysis
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Special Issue Information

Dear Colleagues,

Periodontitis is one of the most prevalent diseases worldwide. The pathophysiology of this disease is complex, and several molecular mechanisms have been described on the interaction between the host and the bacterial challenge. In individuals with susceptibility to periodontitis, the host response is ineffective, dysregulated, and destructive. While the bacteria are required for disease pathogenesis, it is predominantly the host inflammatory response to this microbial challenge that can ultimately lead to damage on the periodontal tissues. In the last decade, periodontitis has been associated with a wide variety of systemic conditions, mainly with atherosclerotic vascular diseases and diabetes. Different biological mechanisms have been proposed to explain these associations including bacteraemia and increased systemic inflammatory response.

This Special Issue aims to advance our knowledge of different biological and molecular pathways through which periodontal tissue breakdown could occur. Novel biological pathways linking periodontitis with systemic diseases are also relevant for this issue. Therefore, we welcome preclinical and clinical original papers and review articles dealing with novel molecular pathways of periodontitis as well as scientific contributions describing biological mechanisms underlying the perio-systemic link. In addition, we encourage authors to submit papers with educational content dealing with methods to explain complex biological processes in periodontitis and its systemic impact.

Dr. Yago Leira
Dr. João Botelho
Guest Editors

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Keywords

  • periodontitis
  • general medicine
  • inflammation
  • bacteraemia
  • education

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Published Papers (1 paper)

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Review

12 pages, 430 KB  
Review
Red Complex Periodontal Pathogens and Their Potential Role in Colorectal Carcinogenesis: A Narrative Review
by Ursa Potocnik Rebersak and Rok Schara
Int. J. Mol. Sci. 2025, 26(20), 10012; https://doi.org/10.3390/ijms262010012 - 15 Oct 2025
Viewed by 465
Abstract
Periodontal disease (PD), a chronic inflammatory condition driven by oral microbial dysbiosis, is increasingly implicated in systemic diseases, including colorectal cancer (CRC). The “red complex” bacteria—Porphyromonas gingivalis, Tannerella forsythia, and Treponema denticola—play a central role in PD progression and [...] Read more.
Periodontal disease (PD), a chronic inflammatory condition driven by oral microbial dysbiosis, is increasingly implicated in systemic diseases, including colorectal cancer (CRC). The “red complex” bacteria—Porphyromonas gingivalis, Tannerella forsythia, and Treponema denticola—play a central role in PD progression and exhibit virulence factors that promote inflammation, immune evasion, and epithelial colonization. A literature search in PubMed, Google Scholar, and ScienceDirect (English and Slovenian, up to September 2025) identified 12 eligible studies. Only original clinical, in vivo, or in vitro research directly addressing red complex pathogens and colorectal cancer was included. The search results showed that most of the literature focuses on the association between Porphyromonas gingivalis and CRC, particularly its role in tumor immune evasion, alteration of the gut microbiota, creation of a pro-inflammatory microenvironment, and promotion of carcinoma cell proliferation. Infection with Porphyromonas gingivalis has also been linked to poorer cancer prognosis. The other red complex bacteria are primarily mentioned in the context of generating a pro-inflammatory microenvironment and contributing to chronic inflammation, which supports tumor growth and survival. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Molecular Biology of Periodontal Disease and Periodontal Pathogens)
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