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Emerging Molecular Concepts in Fibroid Pathogenesis

A special issue of International Journal of Molecular Sciences (ISSN 1422-0067). This special issue belongs to the section "Molecular Pathology, Diagnostics, and Therapeutics".

Deadline for manuscript submissions: closed (31 August 2024) | Viewed by 869

Special Issue Editor


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Guest Editor
Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Harbor-UCLA Medical Center, Torrance, CA 90502, USA
Interests: reproductive endocrinology; uterine fibroids

Special Issue Information

Dear Colleagues,

Fibroids are benign tumors afflicting over 80% of reproductive aged women. These tumors which are dependent on ovarian sex steroids for growth cause abnormal uterine bleeding, pelvic pain and infertility. Race plays a significant role in terms of symptomology with black women experiencing more severe symptoms with more rapid growth of tumors, excess bleeding and earlier onset of tumors. A hallmark of fibroids is the aberrant expression of genes regulating cell proliferation, extracellular matrix composition and inflammation which are exacerbated by black race and the expression of MED12 mutation. The initiating event leading to the onset of tumorigenesis and what role if any stem cells might have in this process has been under intense investigation with variable results. There is an urgent need for development of non-hormonal based therapies but to achieve this goal a deeper understanding of pathogenic mechanisms underlying the development of these tumors is needed. In this Special Issue, original research articles and critical reviews on the molecular aspects of fibroids are welcome.

Dr. Omid Khorram
Guest Editor

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Keywords

  • uterus
  • fibroids
  • pathogenesis

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Published Papers (1 paper)

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Research

17 pages, 10102 KiB  
Article
Differential Expression of Small Non-Coding RNAs in Uterine Leiomyomas
by Tsai-Der Chuang, Nhu Ton, Shawn Rysling, Daniel Baghdasarian and Omid Khorram
Int. J. Mol. Sci. 2025, 26(4), 1688; https://doi.org/10.3390/ijms26041688 - 16 Feb 2025
Viewed by 552
Abstract
We performed next-generation sequencing (NGS) on RNA from 19 paired leiomyoma (Lyo) and myometrium (Myo) specimens, stratified by race/ethnicity (White: n = 7; Black: n = 12) and mediator complex subunit 12 (MED12) mutation status (mutated: n = 10; non-mutated: n = 9). [...] Read more.
We performed next-generation sequencing (NGS) on RNA from 19 paired leiomyoma (Lyo) and myometrium (Myo) specimens, stratified by race/ethnicity (White: n = 7; Black: n = 12) and mediator complex subunit 12 (MED12) mutation status (mutated: n = 10; non-mutated: n = 9). Analysis identified 2,189 small non-coding RNAs (sncRNAs) with altered expression in Lyo compared to paired Myo (≥1.5-fold change), including small nuclear RNAs (snRNAs), small nucleolar RNAs (snoRNAs), microRNAs (miRNAs), and PIWI-interacting RNAs (piRNAs). Among these, 17 sncRNAs showed differential expression in the MED12-mutated group versus Myo, while minimal changes were observed in the non-mutated group. Additionally, 31 sncRNAs displayed differential expression in Black women compared to White women. For validation, five novel miRNAs (miR-19a-3p, miR-99a-5p, miR-3196, miR-499a-5p, and miR-30d-3p) and five piRNAs (piR-009295, piR-020326, piR-020365, piR-006426, and piR-020485) were analyzed in 51 paired Lyo samples using qRT-PCR. Reduced expression of the selected sncRNAs was confirmed in Lyo versus Myo, with miR-19a-3p, miR-3196, miR-30d-3p, piR-006426, and piR-020485 linked to MED12 status, while miR-499a-5p and miR-30d-3p were associated with race/ethnicity. These findings suggest that sncRNA dysregulation contributes to altered gene expression in Lyo, influenced by MED12 mutation and racial background. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Emerging Molecular Concepts in Fibroid Pathogenesis)
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