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Liver Fibrosis: Molecular Pathogenesis, Diagnosis and Treatment

A special issue of International Journal of Molecular Sciences (ISSN 1422-0067). This special issue belongs to the section "Molecular Pathology, Diagnostics, and Therapeutics".

Deadline for manuscript submissions: 20 October 2025 | Viewed by 1481

Special Issue Editor


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Guest Editor
1. Biochemistry and Molecular Genetics Department-CDB, Hospital Clínic of Barcelona, FRCB-IDIBAPS, 170 Villarroel Street, 08036 Barcelona, Spain
2. Biomedicine Department, School of Medicine and Biomedical Sciences, University of Barcelona, 08036 Barcelona, Spain
3. Network Biomedical Research Center for Liver and Digestive Diseases (CIBERehd), 28222 Madrid, Spain
Interests: liver disease; fibrosis; clinical laboratory; vascular dysfunction; liver cancer; angiogenesis; lymphangiogenesis; endocrynology; nanotechnology

Special Issue Information

Dear Colleagues,

Advanced liver fibrosis and cirrhosis represent a significant global health concern, affecting more than 200 million people and often leading to severe complications such as hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). Despite its broad impact, treatment options are still limited. Liver fibro-sis results from a variety of etiologies, including chronic viral hepatitis, steatotic liver disease (SLD), and alcoholic liver disease. Collagen deposition, a hallmark of fibrosis, is driven by the activation of hepatic stellate cells (HSCs) and their complex crosstalk with other cell types, such as myofibroblasts, endothelial cells, and immune cells. However, the exact pathological mechanisms are not yet fully understood.

This Special Issue aims to shed light on the molecular pathways involved in liver fibrosis, including fibrogenic signaling, extracellular matrix dynamics, and intercellular communication. We invite submissions that explore novel diagnostic and therapeutic strategies that target the molecular mechanism and address the unmet clinical needs for more effective diagnosis and treatment.

Dr. Manuel Morales-Ruiz
Guest Editor

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Keywords

  • liver fibrosis
  • cirrhosis
  • hepatic stellate cells
  • collagen
  • fibrogenic pathways
  • diagnosis of fibrosis
  • therapeutic strategies for liver disease
  • extracellular matrix remodeling
  • cell-to-cell interactions
  • fibrosis complications

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Published Papers (2 papers)

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Research

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19 pages, 3934 KiB  
Article
Anti-Fibrotic Effect of Oleamide Identified from the Moringa oleifera Lam. Leaves via Inhibition of TGF-β1-Induced SMAD2/3 Signaling Pathway
by Chavisa Khongpiroon, Watunyoo Buakaew, Paul J. Brindley, Saranyapin Potikanond, Krai Daowtak, Yordhathai Thongsri, Pachuen Potup and Kanchana Usuwanthim
Int. J. Mol. Sci. 2025, 26(7), 3388; https://doi.org/10.3390/ijms26073388 - 4 Apr 2025
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Abstract
Moringa oleifera (MO) is a prominent plant in traditional medicine, widely recognized for its phytochemicals with anti-inflammatory properties. Liver fibrosis characterized by chronic inflammation and excessive extracellular matrix deposition may benefit from the therapeutic properties of MO. This report focuses on the potential [...] Read more.
Moringa oleifera (MO) is a prominent plant in traditional medicine, widely recognized for its phytochemicals with anti-inflammatory properties. Liver fibrosis characterized by chronic inflammation and excessive extracellular matrix deposition may benefit from the therapeutic properties of MO. This report focuses on the potential of oleamide (OLA), a bioactive compound identified from MO, in mitigating liver fibrosis. The anti-fibrotic effects of OLA were evaluated by assessing the production of pro-inflammatory cytokines, gelatinase activity and the expression of genes and proteins associated with the TGF-β/SMAD2/3 pathway. The LX-2 human hepatic stellate cell line, in conjunction with TGF-β1, was employed to model fibrotic conditions. OLA treatment significantly reduced the production of pro-fibrotic effectors in the activated LX-2 cells. Molecular docking analysis demonstrated a high binding affinity of OLA to key proteins in the TGF-β/SMAD2/3 pathway, while qRT-PCR and Western blotting revealed that OLA suppressed the expression of COL1A1, COL4A1, SMAD2, SMAD3, SMAD4, MMP2, MMP9, ACTA2 and TIMP1. These findings indicate that OLA effectively attenuates the pro-inflammatory responses induced by TGF-β1 and inhibits the activation of LX-2 cells. Collectively, OLA holds significant potential as a therapeutic agent for the prevention and treatment of liver fibrosis via the modulation of the TGF-β/SMAD2/3 signaling pathway. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Liver Fibrosis: Molecular Pathogenesis, Diagnosis and Treatment)
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Review

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16 pages, 2310 KiB  
Review
Decoding Liver Fibrosis: How Omics Technologies and Innovative Modeling Can Guide Precision Medicine
by Gabriele Codotto, Benedetta Blarasin, Claudio Tiribelli, Cristina Bellarosa and Danilo Licastro
Int. J. Mol. Sci. 2025, 26(6), 2658; https://doi.org/10.3390/ijms26062658 - 15 Mar 2025
Viewed by 755
Abstract
The burden of chronic liver disease (CLD) is dramatically increasing. It is estimated that 20–30% of the population worldwide is affected by CLD. Hepatic fibrosis is a symptom common to all CLDs. Although it affects liver functional activities, it is a reversible stage [...] Read more.
The burden of chronic liver disease (CLD) is dramatically increasing. It is estimated that 20–30% of the population worldwide is affected by CLD. Hepatic fibrosis is a symptom common to all CLDs. Although it affects liver functional activities, it is a reversible stage if diagnosed at an early stage, but no resolutive therapy to contrast liver fibrosis is currently available. Therefore, efforts are needed to study the molecular insights of the disease. Emerging cutting-edge fields in cellular and molecular biology are introducing innovative strategies. Spatial and single-cell resolution approaches are paving the way for a more detailed understanding of the mechanisms underlying liver fibrosis. Cellular models have been generated to recapitulate the in-a-dish pathophysiology of liver fibrosis, yielding remarkable results that not only uncover the underlying molecular mechanisms but also serve as patient-specific avatars for precision medicine. Induced pluripotent stem cells (iPSC) and organoids are incredible tools to reshape the modeling of liver diseases, describe their architecture, and study the residents of hepatic tissue and their heterogeneous population. The present work aims to give an overview of innovative omics technologies revolutionizing liver fibrosis research and the current tools to model this disease. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Liver Fibrosis: Molecular Pathogenesis, Diagnosis and Treatment)
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