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Heat Shock Proteins (HSPs): Biological Functions and Mechanisms of Actions

A special issue of International Journal of Molecular Sciences (ISSN 1422-0067). This special issue belongs to the section "Biochemistry".

Deadline for manuscript submissions: 30 September 2025 | Viewed by 245

Special Issue Editors


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Guest Editor
Division of Cardiology, The University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston, Houston, TX 77030, USA
Interests: heat shock proteins (HSPs); cardiovascular disease; heart failure

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Guest Editor

Special Issue Information

Dear Colleagues, 

Heat shock proteins (HSPs) are a diverse group of proteins that are ubiquitously expressed under normal physiological conditions to perform a range of cellular functions that maintain regular protein metabolism. They act as molecular chaperones and participate in the folding of new proteins, refolding and repair, the assembly of complex molecules, and the degradation of misfolded proteins. Furthermore, they play a role in cell signalling, cell cycle regulation, and apoptosis regulation. Under conditions of stress, the expression of these proteins is rapidly upregulated to protect the cell from various kinds of damage. HSPs are classified based on molecular weight and function. Popular examples of higher-molecular-weight species are HSP110, HSP90, HSP70, HSP60, and HSP40. After the initial detection of their role in the activation of gamma-delta T-lymphocytes in extracellular spaces, their participation in the pathogenesis of autoimmune and chronic inflammatory disorders; diabetes; cancer; cardiac, pulmonary, hepatic, pancreatic, and renal disorders; and cachexia is becoming clearer with emerging research. Here, a deep understanding of the mechanisms by which HSPs contribute to the pathogenesis of various diseases can open up new potential areas in diagnosis and therapies. At the current level of research, there are still large gaps in knowledge in this area.The aim of this Special Issue is to provide an overview of the current knowledge of the biological functions of HSPs, their role in different physiological and disease states, and the mechanisms of action of HSPs. We seek to publish new research findings, to identify existing gaps in knowledge, and lastly to provide insights for future research and developments in this fascinating field.

Dr. Soumya Patnaik
Prof. Dr. Gregory Blatch
Guest Editors

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Keywords

  • heat shock proteins
  • apoptosis
  • immune cell activation
  • stress responses
  • misfolded proteins
  • cellular chaperones
  • cell signaling

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Published Papers (1 paper)

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Research

16 pages, 3738 KiB  
Article
Effect of Mutations in the C-Terminal 22–24 Domains of Filamin C Associated with Cardio- and Myopathies on Its Interaction with Small Heat Shock Protein HspB7
by Lydia K. Muranova, Varvara M. Vostrikova and Nikolai B. Gusev
Int. J. Mol. Sci. 2025, 26(12), 5512; https://doi.org/10.3390/ijms26125512 - 9 Jun 2025
Viewed by 48
Abstract
We investigated the interaction of HspB7 and its α-crystallin domain with the wild-type (WT) C-terminal fragment of human filamin C (FLNC), containing immunoglobulin-like domains 22–24 and its three mutants associated with cardio- and myopathies. The physicochemical properties of the WT FLNC fragment and [...] Read more.
We investigated the interaction of HspB7 and its α-crystallin domain with the wild-type (WT) C-terminal fragment of human filamin C (FLNC), containing immunoglobulin-like domains 22–24 and its three mutants associated with cardio- and myopathies. The physicochemical properties of the WT FLNC fragment and its three mutants, p.Glu2472_Asn2473delinsAsp (EN/D) located in the 22nd domain, p.P2643_L2645del (ΔPGL), and p.W2710X (Wmut) both located in the 24th immunoglobulin-like domain were analyzed. Although all FLNC fragments had similar secondary structures, WT FLNC and its EN/D and ΔPGL mutants formed dimers, whereas Wmut formed either monomers or aggregates. The surface hydrophobicity of EN/D, ΔPGL, and especially Wmut mutants was larger than that of the WT fragment. Size exclusion chromatography, native gel electrophoresis, and chemical crosslinking indicated that the efficiency of interaction with HspB7 or its α-crystallin domain decreased in the order WT~EN/D > ΔPGL. Wmut was unable to interact with either HspB7 or its α-crystallin domain. Modeling via Alphafold 3 indicated that EN/D mutation affected the orientation of two loops connecting β-strands in the 22nd domain, while the ΔPGL and Wmut mutations exposed a hydrophobic groove in the 24th domain thereby reducing their interaction with HspB7. These findings reveal the molecular mechanisms underlying filaminopathies associated with three mutations in the C-terminal region of filamin C. Full article
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