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The Role of Cannabinoids in Human Health and Disorder

A special issue of International Journal of Molecular Sciences (ISSN 1422-0067). This special issue belongs to the section "Bioactives and Nutraceuticals".

Deadline for manuscript submissions: 20 August 2025 | Viewed by 773

Special Issue Editors


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Guest Editor

E-Mail Website
Guest Editor
Department of Pathology, University of Pisa, 56126 Pisa, Italy
Interests: inflammation; neurodegeneration; microglia; obesity; cannabinoid receptor ligand

Special Issue Information

Dear Colleagues,

Cannabinoid receptors, endocannabinoids, and the enzymes responsible for their biosynthesis and degradation constitute the endocannabinoid system (ECS). The ECS controls many basic biological processes, exerting its activity in the nervous system and in peripheral tissues, with direct involvement in synaptic plasticity and neuroprotection, pain control, stress response, reproduction, food intake and energy balance, immune response, and cancer progression.

As a result, ECS impairment has been reported in several diseases, and its modulation currently represents a possible therapeutic strategy for the treatment of numerous pathological conditions, including neurological diseases, mental and behavioral disorders, pain, inflammation, osteoporosis, cardiovascular disorders, obesity and cancer. Considering the importance of the ECS and the therapeutic potential of cannabinoids in this vast number of medical conditions, numerous ECS synthetic modulators have been developed over the past two decades, and several clinical studies are currently ongoing.

Prof. Dr. Grazia Chiellini
Dr. Beatrice Polini
Guest Editors

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Keywords

  • cannabinoids
  • cannabinoid receptors
  • endocannabinoid system
  • ECS synthetic modulators
  • clinical trials

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Published Papers (1 paper)

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Research

19 pages, 6622 KiB  
Article
Cannabidiol Is Associated with Improved Survival in Pancreatic Cancer and Modulation of Bile Acids and Gut Microbiota
by Pratibha Malhotra, Ranjith Palanisamy, Arunima Panda, Ilaria Casari, Janina E. E. Tirnitz-Parker, Fergal O’Gara, Robert Trengove, Krish Ragunath, Jose A. Caparros-Martin and Marco Falasca
Int. J. Mol. Sci. 2025, 26(16), 7733; https://doi.org/10.3390/ijms26167733 - 10 Aug 2025
Viewed by 377
Abstract
Pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (PDAC) is among the most aggressive malignancies, with dismal survival rates. Cannabinoids have shown anticancer properties in various cancers, including PDAC. This study aimed to evaluate the anticancer effects of cannabinoids, individually and in combination, and to elucidate their mechanisms [...] Read more.
Pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (PDAC) is among the most aggressive malignancies, with dismal survival rates. Cannabinoids have shown anticancer properties in various cancers, including PDAC. This study aimed to evaluate the anticancer effects of cannabinoids, individually and in combination, and to elucidate their mechanisms of action in a murine PDAC model (KPC mice, KRASWT/G12D/TP53WT/R172H/Pdx1-Cre+/+) that mimics human disease. Additionally, the study explored the potential link between cannabinoid action, gut microbiota modulation, and bile acid (BA) metabolism. PDAC cell lines and KPC mice were treated with delta-9-tetrahydrocannabinol (THC) and cannabidiol (CBD), either as monotherapy or in combination. Faecal pellets, caecal contents, plasma, and tissues were collected at the survival endpoint for analysis. BA profiling was performed using mass spectrometry, and the faecal microbiota was characterised by sequencing the V3-V4 region of the 16S rRNA gene. While CBD and THC synergistically reduced cell viability in PDAC cell lines, only CBD monotherapy improved survival in KPC mice. Extended survival with CBD was accompanied by changes in gut microbiota composition and BA metabolism, suggesting a possible association. Notably, the effects of CBD were different from those observed with THC alone or in combination with CBD. The study highlights a distinct role for CBD in altering BA profiles, suggesting these changes may predict responses to cannabidiol in PDAC models. Furthermore, the findings propose that targeting BA metabolism could offer a novel therapeutic strategy for PDAC. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue The Role of Cannabinoids in Human Health and Disorder)
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