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Computational Approaches for Protein Design

A special issue of International Journal of Molecular Sciences (ISSN 1422-0067). This special issue belongs to the section "Molecular Biophysics".

Deadline for manuscript submissions: 20 November 2025 | Viewed by 683

Special Issue Editors


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Guest Editor
School of Computer Science and Technology, University of Bedfordshire, Bedfordshire LU1 3JU, UK
Interests: deep learning; protein and molecular design; bayesian modelling and estimation

E-Mail Website
Guest Editor
Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of Texas at El Paso (UTEP), El Paso, TX 79968, USA
Interests: protein folding; docking; halogen bonding; reactive oxygen species; neurodegenerative disorders; drug-discovery; chemical education
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Special Issue Information

Dear Colleagues,

Computational approaches for protein design, as demonstrated by AI-based technologies, have shown high efficiency in protein design and accurate prediction of molecular structures. These approaches are particularly attractive when solutions for complex problems are designed using transferable learning and pre-trained models, enabling computational biologists to find explanatory models in the presence of uncertainties existing in molecular data.

Information regarding molecular sequences inherently includes uncertainties that affect the accuracy and reliability of experimental results. Therefore, computational approaches are expected to help biologists assess potential losses in in vitro design. Taking this into account, the interactions between molecules are represented within a probabilistic framework, including Bayesian and ensemble approaches.

Discovering new insights in molecular data is a key area of research within deep learning frameworks based on hierarchical feature representation. This approach has demonstrated high efficiency in learning explanatory models from underdetermined or imbalanced data.

Authors are invited to contribute research and review articles to this Special Issue to be considered for publication. The main focus of this Special Issue is on new theoretical results and reproducible applications that demonstrate the advantages of computational approaches in protein design and the prediction of molecular structures.

Topics of interest include, but are not limited to, the following:

  • New insights into molecular data, particularly regarding interactions between enzymes and RNA molecules, which potentially advance the field with respect to intervention in disease such as ribosomal disorders;
  • Reliable estimation of uncertainties in molecular data and explanatory models;
  • The use of AI/ML techniques to predict protein structure and function;
  • The use of in silico drug design and the reduction of off-target outcomes.

Dr. Livija Jakaite
Prof. Dr. Mahesh Narayan
Guest Editors

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Keywords

  • computational protein design
  • molecular structure prediction
  • deep learning
  • protein structure and function prediction
 

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Published Papers (2 papers)

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Research

10 pages, 1372 KiB  
Article
Accurate Prediction of Protein Tertiary and Quaternary Stability Using Fine-Tuned Protein Language Models and Free Energy Perturbation
by Xinning Li, Ryann Perez, John J. Ferrie, E. James Petersson and Sam Giannakoulias
Int. J. Mol. Sci. 2025, 26(15), 7125; https://doi.org/10.3390/ijms26157125 - 24 Jul 2025
Abstract
Methods such as AlphaFold have revolutionized protein structure prediction, making quantitative prediction of the thermodynamic stability of individual proteins and their complexes one of the next frontiers in computational protein modeling. Here, we develop methods for using protein language models (PLMs) with protein [...] Read more.
Methods such as AlphaFold have revolutionized protein structure prediction, making quantitative prediction of the thermodynamic stability of individual proteins and their complexes one of the next frontiers in computational protein modeling. Here, we develop methods for using protein language models (PLMs) with protein mutational datasets related to protein tertiary and quaternary stability. First, we demonstrate that fine-tuning of a ProtT5 PLM enables accurate prediction of the largest protein mutant stability dataset available. Next, we show that mutational impacts on protein function can be captured by fine-tuning PLMs, using green fluorescent protein (GFP) brightness as a readout of folding and stability. In our final case study, we observe that PLMs can also be extended to protein complexes by identifying mutations that are stabilizing or destabilizing. Finally, we confirmed that state-of-the-art simulation methods (free energy perturbation) can refine the accuracy of predictions made by PLMs. This study highlights the versatility of PLMs and demonstrates their application towards the prediction of protein and complex stability. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Computational Approaches for Protein Design)
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22 pages, 3050 KiB  
Article
Hepatoprotective and Nephroprotective Effects of Leea guineensis Leaf Extract Against Paracetamol-Induced Toxicity: Combined Mouse Model-Integrated in Silico Evidence
by Adedayo Titilayo Olukanni, Deborah Omotosho, Deborah Temitope Olalekan, Ernest Durugbo, Adeniyi Thompson Adewumi, Olumide David Olukanni and Salerwe Mosebi
Int. J. Mol. Sci. 2025, 26(13), 6142; https://doi.org/10.3390/ijms26136142 - 26 Jun 2025
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Abstract
Acetaminophen, or paracetamol (PCM), is a common painkiller used to treat aches, pain, and fever. Nevertheless, PCM has been reported to be hepatotoxic and nephrotoxic in humans. Thus, there is a need to identify how this side effect can be treated. Previous studies [...] Read more.
Acetaminophen, or paracetamol (PCM), is a common painkiller used to treat aches, pain, and fever. Nevertheless, PCM has been reported to be hepatotoxic and nephrotoxic in humans. Thus, there is a need to identify how this side effect can be treated. Previous studies have shown that Leea species possess antioxidative, anthelmintic, anti-cytotoxic, hepatoprotective, and nephroprotective properties. However, the role of Leea guineensis (LG) in modulating PCM-induced hepatotoxicity or nephrotoxicity remains unknown. Herein, we investigate the possibility of Leea guineensis leaf extract (LGE) to ameliorate PCM toxic effects, evaluate hepatic and renal function, oxidative stress markers, and safety, and perform molecular docking to predict affinities of Leea guineensis extract compounds for their targets compared to PCM. An in vivo rat model was used for Leea guineensis extract or silymarin (SLM, standard drug) at various concentrations, and it was co-administered with PCM. We observed that Leea guineensis extract is rich in phytochemical constituents, and its treatment in rats did not significantly affect body weight. Our data showed that PCM increased bilirubin, creatinine, uric acid, Alanine aminotransferase (ALT), and cholesterol levels but decreased Aspartate aminotransferase (AST) in plasma. Moreover, it increased lipid peroxidation (MDA) levels in the liver and kidneys, while the total protein was elevated in the latter. Interestingly, Leea guineensis extract and SLM abrogated the elevated parameters due to PCM toxicity. Importantly, histopathological examination showed that Leea guineensis extract demonstrated the potential to ameliorate hepatic and renal lesions caused by PCM intoxication, thus demonstrating its safety. Furthermore, comparative molecular binding affinities of the study ligands binding the target corroborate the experimental findings. Our study shows that L. guineensis leaf extract, through its rich phytochemicals, can protect the liver and kidneys against the toxic effects of paracetamol in a dose-dependent manner. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Computational Approaches for Protein Design)
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