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Dear Colleagues,

Extracellular vesicles are natural biological nanoparticles that carry and deliver molecular cargo from parental cells to receptor cells, acting as messengers between cells. Since extracellular vesicles carry a variety of molecules and have multiple functions, especially their high correlation with disease development and health balance, extracellular vesicles are now regarded as treasures by scientists. Over the past decade, the cargo, characteristics and functions of extracellular vesicles have been extensively studied, especially in regard to biomarker profiling and therapeutics.

This Special Issue aims to enrich the field of extracellular vesicles, welcoming novel insights in the form of research articles or reviews, covering, but not limited to, the following topics:(1) Unraveled roles of extracellular vesicles in various diseases and biological functions.(2) Health benefits of extracellular vesicles.(3) Targeted therapeutic treatments through loading extracellular vesicles with appropriate molecules to alter gene expression in defined recipient cells.(4) The molecular and cellular mechanisms of extracellular vesicles in disease therapy, and/or their role as specific markers in disease diagnosis. Since IJMS is a journal of molecular science, pure clinical studies are not suitable for our journal. However, clinical submissions with biomolecular experiments are welcome.

Dr. Wei-Hsuan Hsu
Dr. Bao-Hong Lee
Prof. Dr. Tang-Long Shen
Guest Editors

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Keywords

extracellular vesicles
exosomes
microvesicles
biomarkers
delivery
health and disease
biological activity
diagnostics
therapeutic application
drug loading
target binding

Published Papers (2 papers)

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Research

19 pages, 3709 KiB

Open AccessArticle

Bio-Pulsed Stimulation Effectively Improves the Production of Avian Mesenchymal Stem Cell-Derived Extracellular Vesicles That Enhance the Bioactivity of Skin Fibroblasts and Hair Follicle Cells

by Ju-Sheng Shieh, Yu-Tang Chin, Hsien-Chung Chiu, Ya-Yu Hsieh, Hui-Rong Cheng, Hai Gu and Fung-Wei Chang

Int. J. Mol. Sci. 2022, 23(23), 15010; https://doi.org/10.3390/ijms232315010 - 30 Nov 2022

Cited by 4 | Viewed by 3488

Abstract

Mesenchymal stem cell (MSC)-derived extracellular vesicles (exosomes) possess regeneration, cell proliferation, wound healing, and anti-senescence capabilities. The functions of exosomes can be modified by preconditioning MSCs through treatment with bio-pulsed reagents (Polygonum multiflorum Thunb extract). However, the beneficial effects of bio-pulsed small extracellular vesicles (sEVs) on the skin or hair remain unknown. This study investigated the in vitro mechanistic basis through which bio-pulsed sEVs enhance the bioactivity of the skin fibroblasts and hair follicle cells. Avian-derived MSCs (AMSCs) were isolated, characterized, and bio-pulsed to produce AMSC-sEVs, which were isolated, lyophilized, characterized, and analyzed. The effects of bio-pulsed AMSC-sEVs on cell proliferation, wound healing, and gene expression associated with skin and hair bioactivity were examined using human skin fibroblasts (HSFs) and follicle dermal papilla cells (HFDPCs). Bio-pulsed treatment significantly enhanced sEVs production by possibly upregulating RAB27A expression in AMSCs. Bio-pulsed AMSC-sEVs contained more exosomal proteins and RNAs than the control. Bio-pulsed AMSC-sEVs significantly augmented cell proliferation, wound healing, and gene expression in HSFs and HFDPCs. The present study investigated the role of bio-pulsed AMSC-sEVs in the bioactivity of the skin fibroblasts and hair follicle cells as mediators to offer potential health benefits for skin and hair. Full article

(This article belongs to the Special Issue Extracellular Vesicles as Mediators of Health Benefits)

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17 pages, 2545 KiB

Open AccessArticle

Extracellular Vesicles in Regenerative Processes Associated with Muscle Injury Recovery of Professional Athletes Undergoing Sub Maximal Strength Rehabilitation

by Giulia Catitti, Maria Concetta Cufaro, Domenico De Bellis, Ilaria Cicalini, Simone Vespa, Federico Tonelli, Giulia Miscia, Lorenzo Secondi, Pasquale Simeone, Vincenzo De Laurenzi, Damiana Pieragostino, Piero Del Boccio and Paola Lanuti

Int. J. Mol. Sci. 2022, 23(23), 14913; https://doi.org/10.3390/ijms232314913 - 29 Nov 2022

Cited by 2 | Viewed by 1513

Abstract

Platelet-rich plasma (PRP) has great potential in regenerative medicine. In addition to the well-known regenerative potential of secreted growth factors, extracellular vesicles (EVs) are emerging as potential key players in the regulation of tissue repair. However, little is known about their therapeutic potential as regenerative agents. In this study, we have identified and subtyped circulating EVs (platelet-, endothelial-, and leukocyte-derived EVs) in the peripheral blood of athletes recovering from recent muscular injuries and undergoing a submaximal strength rehabilitation program. We found a significant increase in circulating platelet-derived EVs at the end of the rehabilitation program. Moreover, EVs from PRP samples were isolated by fluorescence-activated cell sorting and analyzed by label-free proteomics. The proteomic analysis of PRP-EVs revealed that 32% of the identified proteins were associated to “defense and immunity”, and altogether these proteins were involved in vesicle-mediated transport (GO: 0016192; FDR = 3.132 × 10⁻¹⁹), as well as in wound healing (GO: 0042060; FDR = 4.252 × 10⁻¹³) and in the events regulating such a process (GO: 0061041; FDR = 2.812 × 10⁻¹²). Altogether, these data suggest that platelet-derived EVs may significantly contribute to the regeneration potential of PRP preparations. Full article

(This article belongs to the Special Issue Extracellular Vesicles as Mediators of Health Benefits)

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