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Molecular Mechanisms of Phytochemicals in Antioxidation, Antimicrobial, and Cytoprotective Properties

A special issue of International Journal of Molecular Sciences (ISSN 1422-0067). This special issue belongs to the section "Bioactives and Nutraceuticals".

Deadline for manuscript submissions: 20 February 2026 | Viewed by 2181

Special Issue Editor


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Guest Editor
Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Agricultural Sciences and Veterinary Medicine of Cluj-Napoca, 400372 Cluj-Napoca, Romania
Interests: antimicrobial assays; biological activities of natural products; herbal extracts; antimicrobial resistance; zoonotic bacteria
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Special Issue Information

Dear Colleagues,

Plants are acknowledged as valuable sources of phytochemicals; while these plant-based bioactive compounds are produced by plants for their protection, they are increasingly evaluated for their intense multifaced pharmaceutical potential. The antioxidant, antimicrobial, antiviral, anti-inflammatory, immunomodulating, antitumoral properties (selective toxicity, chemoprotective), are well documented for several phytochemicals such as carotenoids, polyphenols (flavones, anthocyanidins and anthocyanins), isoprenoids, phytosterols, saponins, polysaccharides, curcuminoids etc. As such, numerous multidisciplinary studies have been aiming at identifying and screening biologically active compounds to develop therapeutics and nutraceutical products. A pivotal aspect of this research field is represented by a detailed understanding of the molecular targets and mechanisms of action (inhibitory, modulatory, regulatory, etc.), as well as of the interconnected pathways.

This Special Issue welcomes original research papers and critical reviews on the molecular mechanisms supporting phytochemicals’ antioxidative, antimicrobial and cytoprotective activities.

Submissions should be related to themes including, but not restricted to, the following:

  • Identification and characterization of phytochemicals originating from various sources;
  • In vitro and in vivo evaluation of the bioactive properties and health effects of phytochemicals;
  • Insights into the molecular action mechanisms supporting the pharmacological properties of the identified phytochemicals;
  • Phytochemicals’ current and potential applications.

Dr. Mihaela Niculae
Guest Editor

Manuscript Submission Information

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Submitted manuscripts should not have been published previously, nor be under consideration for publication elsewhere (except conference proceedings papers). All manuscripts are thoroughly refereed through a single-blind peer-review process. A guide for authors and other relevant information for submission of manuscripts is available on the Instructions for Authors page. International Journal of Molecular Sciences is an international peer-reviewed open access semimonthly journal published by MDPI.

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Keywords

  • phytochemicals
  • antioxidant
  • antimicrobial
  • cytoprotective
  • in vitro screening
  • in vivo evaluation

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Published Papers (2 papers)

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Research

28 pages, 7048 KB  
Article
Ethanolic Extract of Kinkeliba (Combretum micranthum), Rich in Phenolic Compounds Mitigates DSS-Induced Ulcerative Colitis in C57BL/6 Mice via Antioxidation and Microbiota Regulation
by Ibrahima Mamadou Sall, Dan Cristian Vodnar, Gheorghe Adrian Martău, Meriem Aziez, Alina Diana Haşaş, Dragoş Hodor and Alexandru Flaviu Tăbăran
Int. J. Mol. Sci. 2025, 26(23), 11299; https://doi.org/10.3390/ijms262311299 - 22 Nov 2025
Viewed by 318
Abstract
Inflammatory bowel diseases (IBDs), including Crohn’s disease and ulcerative colitis, are chronic inflammatory disorders of the gastrointestinal tract, and current therapies are limited by adverse side effects. Combretum micranthum G. Don (kinkeliba), a medicinal plant traditionally used in West Africa, has been reported [...] Read more.
Inflammatory bowel diseases (IBDs), including Crohn’s disease and ulcerative colitis, are chronic inflammatory disorders of the gastrointestinal tract, and current therapies are limited by adverse side effects. Combretum micranthum G. Don (kinkeliba), a medicinal plant traditionally used in West Africa, has been reported to possess pharmacological activities and a favorable safety profile. In this study, an ethanolic extract of Combretum micranthum (EECM) was characterized using HPLC-DAD-ESI-MS to identify its phenolic constituents. Acute colitis was induced in C57BL/6 mice using 3% DSS, while EECM (100 and 200 mg/kg) was administered orally for seven days. Disease Activity Index was monitored daily, and colonic injuries were evaluated through macroscopic and histological analyses, as well as hematological and biochemical assessments. In vitro, EECM contained 293.54 mg/g of total phenolic compounds and showed strong antioxidant activity in DPPH, ABTS, and FRAP assays. Furthermore, the extract exhibited antibacterial activity against Bacillus subtilis, Staphylococcus aureus, Salmonella enterica, and Streptococcus pyogenes at various concentrations. In contrast, Enterococcus faecalis, Escherichia coli, and Pseudomonas aeruginosa were not affected at the tested concentrations. No antifungal activity was detected against the filamentous fungus Aspergillus brasiliensis and the yeasts Saccharomyces cerevisiae, Candida parapsilosis, and Candida albicans. In vivo, EECM alleviated the clinical signs of colitis, reduced histological damage, and modulated hematological and biochemical parameters. Overall, EECM exhibited significant antioxidant and anti-inflammatory activities and may represent a promising natural candidate for IBD management. Further investigations into chronic experimental models are necessary to establish their therapeutic relevance. Full article
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17 pages, 1488 KB  
Article
Geraniin Ameliorates Haloperidol-Induced Orofacial Dyskinesia in Rats Through Mitigating Neuronal Oxidative Stress, Neuroinflammation, and Apoptosis via Modulation of the Nrf2 Signaling Pathway
by Chih-Pei Hsu, Hsiang-Chien Tseng, Chih-Hsiang Fang, Yi-Wen Lin and Hung-Sheng Soung
Int. J. Mol. Sci. 2025, 26(12), 5458; https://doi.org/10.3390/ijms26125458 - 6 Jun 2025
Cited by 1 | Viewed by 1051
Abstract
Geraniin (GRN), an ellagitannin from Phyllanthus urinaria, shows antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, and neuroprotective effects. This study evaluated GRN’s potential against haloperidol (HPD)-induced orofacial dyskinesia (OD). Rats treated with HPD (1 mg/kg i.p.) for 21 days exhibited dopamine D2 receptor blockade, neurotoxicity, and OD, characterized [...] Read more.
Geraniin (GRN), an ellagitannin from Phyllanthus urinaria, shows antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, and neuroprotective effects. This study evaluated GRN’s potential against haloperidol (HPD)-induced orofacial dyskinesia (OD). Rats treated with HPD (1 mg/kg i.p.) for 21 days exhibited dopamine D2 receptor blockade, neurotoxicity, and OD, characterized by vacuous chewing movements (VCM) and tongue protrusion (TP). Then, 60 min post-HPD, GRN was administered i.p. daily for 21 days. OD behaviors were assessed, and on Day 21, striatal tissues were analyzed for oxidative stress, mitochondrial function, inflammation, and apoptosis. GRN alone did not cause OD but significantly reduced HPD-induced VCM and TP. It also reduced oxidative stress, improved antioxidant defense, preserved mitochondrial function, and decreased neuroinflammation and apoptosis. These effects were blocked by ML385, a nuclear factor erythroid-2-related factor 2 (Nrf2) pathway inhibitor. GRN protects against HPD-induced OD, likely via Nrf2 activation. It may be a promising candidate for TD therapy, pending further clinical investigation. Full article
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