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mRNA/miRNAs Network in Diabetes and Its Complications

Special Issue Editor


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Guest Editor
Department of Biochemistry, “Carol Davila” University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 050471 Bucharest, Romania
Interests: diabetes; diabetic complications; RNA; microRNA; precision medicine

Special Issue Information

Dear Colleagues,

The importance of early diagnosis of diseases has been demonstrated, especially for a complex metabolic disease like diabetes mellitus (DM), for which there is a significant relative risk of complications and for which the identification of high-risk individuals could prevent progression. Early detection of the percentage of insulin-producing cells preceding loss of function would allow for effective therapeutic interventions that could delay or slow down the onset of complications. mRNA and microRNAs (miRNAs, miRs), due to their stability and presence in various body fluids, are different kinds of biomarkers that could be used for both the diagnosis and follow-up of the complications of DM. Thus, many studies have focused on the identification and validation of such mRNA/miRNA interaction networks that may prove useful in diagnosing or treating diabetes and diabetic complications. Exosome-mediated metabolic responses have also been recognized as potential targets for therapy.

In summary, the new therapeutic strategies for diabetes significantly advance our ability to treat this disease. There is hope for patients, including immunotherapy, gene therapy, and artificial pancreas systems. Adipose tissue biology and the role of mRNA/miRNA networks that act as bidirectional switches for cell therapy in damaged pancreatic tissue are also addressed.

Dr. Daniela Lixandru
Guest Editor

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Keywords

  • RNA/miRNAs
  • exosomes
  • regenerative medicine
  • translational medicine
  • adipose tissue biology

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Published Papers (2 papers)

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Research

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21 pages, 2173 KB  
Article
Cross-Study Meta-Analysis of Blood Transcriptomes in Type 2 Diabetes
by Aleksandr A. Tkachenko, Ziravard N. Tonyan, Yulia A. Nasykhova, Yury A. Barbitoff, Iaroslav N. Renev, Maria M. Danilova, Anastasiia A. Basipova, Olga B. Glavnova, Dmitrii E. Polev, Sergey V. Chepanov, Sergey A. Selkov, Nikita V. Golovkin, Margarita E. Vlasova and Andrey S. Glotov
Int. J. Mol. Sci. 2025, 26(24), 12046; https://doi.org/10.3390/ijms262412046 - 15 Dec 2025
Cited by 1 | Viewed by 1237
Abstract
Type 2 diabetes (T2D) is a chronic metabolic disorder with an estimated prevalence of over 422 million individuals affected globally. Since the advent of genomics, numerous studies have been conducted to elucidate T2D pathogenetic mechanisms and define genetic loci affecting T2D susceptibility. Transcriptomic [...] Read more.
Type 2 diabetes (T2D) is a chronic metabolic disorder with an estimated prevalence of over 422 million individuals affected globally. Since the advent of genomics, numerous studies have been conducted to elucidate T2D pathogenetic mechanisms and define genetic loci affecting T2D susceptibility. Transcriptomic studies, including bulk and single-cell RNA sequencing, play an important role both in discerning molecular mechanisms of the disease and in identifying potential T2D biomarkers. In this study, we performed bulk RNA-seq of whole blood of nine T2D patients and nine control subjects and performed meta-analysis of these data with seven publicly available blood RNA-seq datasets of T2D patients. Our analysis showed that the changes in the gene expression between different studies show very low concordance; moreover, a substantial number of differentially expressed genes (DEGs) was identified in only three out of eight datasets, with only five DEGs—FBLN2, TPCN1, PC, SHANK1, and PLD4—identified in all three of those datasets. Nevertheless, cross-study meta-analysis identified a broad set of 2065 DEGs, including 713 genes that have not been identified in any of the source studies. These genes showed a significant enrichment of GO terms indicating neutrophil activation and proliferation and included several genes that have not been implicated in type 2 diabetes previously. Taken together, our study highlights challenges associated with biomarker discovery from blood transcriptomics in T2D and suggests novel genes that may be considered as such biomarkers. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue mRNA/miRNAs Network in Diabetes and Its Complications)
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Review

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22 pages, 1385 KB  
Review
miRNA in the Progression of Diabetic Kidney Disease: New Insight
by Zhiyue Zou, Ning Zhou and Chun Zhang
Int. J. Mol. Sci. 2026, 27(1), 420; https://doi.org/10.3390/ijms27010420 - 31 Dec 2025
Cited by 2 | Viewed by 1351
Abstract
Diabetic kidney disease (DKD) is a major microvascular complication of diabetes and a leading cause of end-stage renal disease worldwide. Despite advances in metabolic and blood pressure control, the prevalence of DKD continues to rise, creating a significant clinical and socioeconomic burden. Recent [...] Read more.
Diabetic kidney disease (DKD) is a major microvascular complication of diabetes and a leading cause of end-stage renal disease worldwide. Despite advances in metabolic and blood pressure control, the prevalence of DKD continues to rise, creating a significant clinical and socioeconomic burden. Recent studies have revealed that non-coding RNAs, particularly microRNAs (miRNAs), play an important role in the development and progression of DKD. Distinct patterns of miRNA dysregulation have been identified in specific renal cell types, including podocytes, mesangial cells, tubular epithelial cells, endothelial cells, fibroblasts, and macrophages. These alterations drive characteristic cellular injuries such as podocyte loss, mesangial matrix expansion, tubular epithelial–mesenchymal transition, endothelial dysfunction, and interstitial fibrosis. Certain miRNAs, such as miR-21, miR-192, and miR-214, reinforce profibrotic TGF-β/Smad signaling, whereas protective groups, including the miR-29 and miR-30 families, maintain epithelial stability and restrict matrix deposition. Beyond their regulatory roles, circulating and urinary miRNAs have emerged as stable, non-invasive biomarkers that reflect renal injury and disease progression. This review summarizes recent progress in elucidating cell-specific miRNA networks in DKD and highlights their potential as diagnostic indicators and therapeutic targets for precision management of diabetic kidney disease. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue mRNA/miRNAs Network in Diabetes and Its Complications)
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