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Functional Genomics of Insects: Unraveling Genetic Mechanisms and Applications

A special issue of International Journal of Molecular Sciences (ISSN 1422-0067). This special issue belongs to the section "Molecular Genetics and Genomics".

Deadline for manuscript submissions: 20 June 2025 | Viewed by 837

Special Issue Editor


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Guest Editor
Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Biodiversity and Biotechnology, College of Life Sciences, Nanjing Normal University, Nanjing 210023, China
Interests: insect physiology and functional genomics

Special Issue Information

Dear Colleagues,

Rapid advancements in genomics and high-throughput sequencing technologies have transformed the study of insect functional genomics, empowering researchers to investigate the molecular mechanisms driving insect physiology, behavior, and adaptation with unprecedented precision. Functional genomics seeks to uncover the roles of genes and their regulatory networks, offering critical insights into fundamental entomology and practical applications in areas such as pest control, pollinator conservation, and vector-borne disease management.

This dynamic field spans a diverse range of topics, including the genetic mechanisms underlying insect development, metamorphosis, and neural and behavioral adaptations, as well as pesticide resistance, insect–plant interactions, and disease transmission regulation in vectors. Innovations in tools like CRISPR-Cas9, RNA interference (RNAi), single-cell genomics, and omics technologies have further accelerated progress and opened new research avenues.

This Special Issue, “Functional Genomics of Insects: Unraveling Genetic Mechanisms and Applications”, invites submissions that showcase the latest advances in insect functional genomics, on topics including, but not limited to, the following:

  • Functional studies on insect development, behavior, and adaptation;
  • Molecular and genetic approaches to pest and vector control;
  • Genomics of pollinator health and insect–plant interactions;
  • Application of advanced genomic tools and technologies in insect research.

We welcome original research articles and reviews that provide novel insights or synthesize current knowledge, highlighting the transformative impact of functional genomics on insect research and its practical applications.

Prof. Dr. Bin Li
Guest Editor

Manuscript Submission Information

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Keywords

  • genomics
  • comparative genomics
  • gene regulation networks
  • developmental biology
  • metamorphosis
  • vector biology
  • insecticide resistance mechanisms
  • insect–plant interactions
  • environmental adaptation

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Published Papers (2 papers)

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Research

16 pages, 10449 KiB  
Article
MiRNA Omics Reveal the Mechanisms of the Dual Effects of Selenium Supplementation on the Development of the Silkworm (Bombyx mori)
by Wen-Jie Ge, Fei Hu, Ting-Ting Hong, Kiran Thakur, Shun-Ming Tang, Jian-Guo Zhang and Zhao-Jun Wei
Int. J. Mol. Sci. 2025, 26(7), 3394; https://doi.org/10.3390/ijms26073394 - 4 Apr 2025
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Abstract
This study explores the dual effects of selenium (Se) supplementation on silkworm development by analyzing miRNA expression profiles of fat bodies in silkworms under different Se concentrations (50 µM and 200 µM). Compared to the control, 84 miRNAs displayed different expression levels in [...] Read more.
This study explores the dual effects of selenium (Se) supplementation on silkworm development by analyzing miRNA expression profiles of fat bodies in silkworms under different Se concentrations (50 µM and 200 µM). Compared to the control, 84 miRNAs displayed different expression levels in the F_50 µM group, with 72 miRNAs up-regulated and 12 down-regulated; 152 miRNAs were differentially expressed in the F_200 µM group, with 124 up-regulated and 28 down-regulated. In the F_50 µM group, the target genes of differentially expressed miRNAs were mainly enriched in Toll and Imd signaling pathways, oxidative phosphorylation, and ribosome biogenesis in eukaryotes; however, mainly oxidative phosphorylation, ribosome biogenesis in eukaryotes, and the spliceosome were enriched in the F_200 µM group. Based on the results of the protein–protein interaction network and miRNA-target network, bmo-miR-2a-1-5p and bmo-miR-317-3p_L-2R+2 were screened as key miRNAs in the F_50 µM group and the F_200 µM group, respectively. The bmo-miR-2a-1-5p mainly targeted 10014128 (DREDD), 100862750 (ATF2), and 101744000 (Tak1) genes, which were enriched in Toll and Imd signaling pathways. The bmo-miR-317-3p_L-2R+2 primarily regulated 101738508 (SF3b) and 101746688 (Prp19) genes, which were in the spliceosome pathway. Thus, our results demonstrated that Se supplementation improved the silkworm development via bmo-miR-2a-1-5p miRNA regulation of the Toll and Imd signaling pathways and inhibited it via bmo-miR-317-3p_L-2R+2 miRNA targeting the spliceosome pathway. Our data revealed that 50 µM Se supplementation could improve silkworm productivity; meanwhile, a 200 µM Se treatment displayed toxic effects, leading to impaired development. Full article
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15 pages, 7040 KiB  
Article
Identification and Characterization of Troponin T Associated with Development, Metabolism and Reproduction in Tribolium castaneum
by Wenzhuo Li, Yaning Sun, Yuanye Liang, Yifan Wang, Yongmei Fan, Mengmeng Li, Ranfeng Sun and Jia Xie
Int. J. Mol. Sci. 2025, 26(6), 2786; https://doi.org/10.3390/ijms26062786 - 19 Mar 2025
Viewed by 262
Abstract
As a tropomyosin-binding component, troponin T (TnT) is essential for the Ca2+ regulation of striated muscles’ contraction and locomotion activity, but its impacts on the growth and development of insects have rarely been reported. In this study, TnT was identified and functionally [...] Read more.
As a tropomyosin-binding component, troponin T (TnT) is essential for the Ca2+ regulation of striated muscles’ contraction and locomotion activity, but its impacts on the growth and development of insects have rarely been reported. In this study, TnT was identified and functionally characterized in Tribolium castaneum by RNA interference (RNAi) and transcriptome analysis. The TnT of T. castaneum contained a 1152 bp open reading frame encoding 383 amino acids. It displayed the highest expression in late pupae and was highly expressed in the integument and CNS. Both the larval and early pupal injection of dsTnT led to 100% cumulative mortality before the pupal–adult transition. Late pupal RNAi caused 26.01 ± 4.29% pupal mortality; the survivors successfully became adults, but 49.71 ± 6.51% died in 10 days with a dried and shriveled abdomen, poorly developed reproductive system and no offspring. Additionally, RNA sequencing results indicated that key ecdysteroid and juvenile hormone biosynthesis genes (CYP314A1, aldehyde dehydrogenase family 3 member B1 and farnesol dehydrogenase) were affected, as well as several cuticle protein, nutrition metabolism and immune-related genes, suggesting that TnT may play prominent roles in development, metabolism and reproduction by affecting these pathways. This study could provide a brand-new target gene in the RNAi strategy for pest control. Full article
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