Advances in Neurostimulation: Techniques, Mechanisms, and Applications

Dear Colleagues,

During the past decades, multiple neuromodulation techniques, including invasive and noninvasive stimulations at the peripheral or central level, have been developed to enhance or suppress activity of the nervous system for the treatment of diseases. Particularly, noninvasive neuromodulation approaches have gained attention, such as transcranial magnetic stimulation (TMS) and transcranial electrical stimulation (tES) applied at the central level, as well as transcutaneous electrical nerve stimulation (TENS) and transcutaneous vagus nerve stimulation (tVNS) applied at the peripheral level. Although these neuromodulation techniques have shown to be promising alternative treatments for  a variety of neuropsychiatric disorders, such as pain, depression, addiction, and Alzheimer’s disease, their mechanisms of action remain incompletely understood. Exploring neuromodulation effects with brain activity measures, such as electroencephalography (EEG), magnetoencephalography (MEG), functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI), and positron emission tomography (PET), can help us better understand the neurobiological mechanisms of these stimulation techniques.  Hence, the purpose of this Special Issue is to discuss matters associated with the effects of neuromodulation on treating neuropsychiatric disorders for clinical populations or reducing pain and improving emotions or cognitions for healthy populations, as well as the underlying mechanisms. The scope of the Issue is deliberately broad to encourage the coverage of a wide range of topics and perspectives related to the applications of neuromodulation approaches in healthy and clinical populations, including the effects of neuromodulation techniques (TENS, tVNS, tES, and TMS) on the behaviors or functions, as well as the effects on neural responses or plasticity, as measured by EEG, MEG, fMRI, PET, TMS-EMG, and TMS-EEG.

Prof. Dr. Li Hu
Dr. Weiwei Peng
Dr. Xianwei Che
Prof. Dr. Yiheng Tu
Guest Editors

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