Metabolic Syndrome and Its Association with Biomarkers

Dear Colleagues,

Metabolic syndrome is today's top global public health challenge. Metabolic syndrome is a cluster of the greatest risk factors for developing atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease. Although abdominal adiposity and insulin resistance appear to be central to the metabolic syndrome, the pathophysiological mechanisms of metabolic syndrome still remain to be fully elucidated.  In order to better understand the pathophysiology as well as to detect metabolic syndrome early, numerous biomarkers have been discovered, some of which are being used in clinical practice. Metabolic syndrome has been shown in several studies to be associated with various biologic markers as follows; adipokines (leptin, adiponectin, adipocyte-specific fatty acid-binding protein, retinol-binding protein 4, fibroblast growth factor 21, chemerin, monocyte chemoattractant protein-1, eotaxin-1, apelin, vaspin, pigment epithelium-derived factor, et al.), oxidative stress markers (8-hydroxyguanosine, 8-hydroxydeoxyguanosine, 8-isoprostane, malondialdehyde, catalase, superoxide dismutase, glutatione peroxidase, glutathione et al.), inflammatory marker (c-reactive protein, interleukin-6, interleukin-10, tumor necrosis factor-α, cystatin c, soluable cell adhesion molecules, selectins, interferon γ, homocysteine et al.), lipoproteins (lipoprotein (a), lipoprotein-associated phospholipase A2, apolipoprotein A1, apolipoprotein B), hormone and metabolic markers(testosterone, aldosterone, natriuretic peptide, insulin, c-peptide, fetulin-A, the homeostatic model assessment insulin resistance index, et al.), gut enzymes (amylase, lipase, trypsin et al.), others (visceral fat or visceral adipose tissue, lipid accumulation product, arterial pulse wave velocity, breast arterial calcification, cardiac age index, conicity index et al.), et al. However, there is a need for additional basic and clinical studies to understand pathophysiology of metabolic disease.

This special issue of International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health (IJERPH) focuses on the search for novel biomarkers to diagnose, prediction, progression, and severity of the metabolic syndrome and metabolic syndrome-related disorders, as well as evaluation of the relative contributions of multiple biomarkers to identifying metabolic syndrome. New research papers and brief reports are welcome to this issue.

Prof. Dr. Sang Lee
Prof. Dr. Young Hye Cho
Guest Editors

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