Advances in Wood Anatomy: From Species Identification to Ecological and Technological Insights

A special issue of Forests (ISSN 1999-4907). This special issue belongs to the section "Wood Science and Forest Products".

Deadline for manuscript submissions: closed (30 January 2026) | Viewed by 2254

Special Issue Editors


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Guest Editor
Forest Modelling Lab., National Research Council of Italy, Institute for Agricultural and Forestry Systems in the Mediterranean, 06128 Perugia, Italy
Interests: wood anatomical traits; cell wall area; carbon fixation; gross primary productivity; eddy covariance; stable isotopes

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Guest Editor
Tesaf Department, University of Padua, 35020 Legnaro, Italy
Interests: tropical dendrochronology; wood anatomy; xilogenesis; climate change; natural disturbances

Special Issue Information

Dear Colleagues,

Quantitative wood anatomy has emerged as a key interdisciplinary tool bridging taxonomy, ecology, and forest technology, and recent advances in high-resolution imaging, trait-based analysis, and integrative methodologies have expanded the role of wood anatomical research from traditional species identification toward deeper ecological and technological applications. This Special Issue brings together cutting-edge studies that explore the anatomical diversity of woody species across a wide range of forest types—including temperate, Mediterranean, boreal, and tropical ecosystems—linking cellular traits to environmental drivers, growth performance, and climate resilience. By integrating wood anatomy with stable isotopes, dendrochronology, and other complementary approaches, these contributions offer novel insights into tree function, forest adaptation, and material innovation. Collectively, the Special Issue seeks to highlight how wood anatomy serves not only as a diagnostic tool but also as a powerful proxy to understand past climates, predict tree responses to global change, and enhance sustainable wood use in modern applications.

Dr. Paulina F. Puchi
Dr. Arturo Pacheco-Solana
Guest Editors

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Keywords

  • dendrochronology
  • wood anatomical traits
  • cutting edge
  • radiocarbon
  • xylem structure

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Published Papers (2 papers)

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Research

19 pages, 7201 KB  
Article
Functional Variation in Morphological and Wood Traits Across 38 Timber Species of the Northern Colombian Amazon
by Carolina Martínez-Guevara, Bernardo Giraldo Benavides, Orlando Martínez Wilches and Jaime Barrera García
Forests 2026, 17(4), 454; https://doi.org/10.3390/f17040454 - 4 Apr 2026
Viewed by 409
Abstract
Functional traits help to understand plant ecological strategies and play a determinant role in restoration. This study evaluated interspecific variability among 38 timber species of bioeconomic importance associated with natural forests and forest trials in the northern Colombian Amazon, identifying Plant Functional Types [...] Read more.
Functional traits help to understand plant ecological strategies and play a determinant role in restoration. This study evaluated interspecific variability among 38 timber species of bioeconomic importance associated with natural forests and forest trials in the northern Colombian Amazon, identifying Plant Functional Types (PFTs) and their implications for productive restoration. Soft and hard traits were integrated, including tree morphological characteristics (diameter at breast height, total height, and crown cover) and wood functional traits (wood basic specific gravity, SG; maximum moisture content; fiber diameter and wall thickness; and vessel diameter and density). Correlations among these traits were also assessed. Five PFTs were identified. PFTs 1 and 2 grouped species with acquisitive strategies and high hydraulic efficiency, making them suitable for rapid vegetation cover recovery. In contrast, PFT 5 included conservative and hydraulically safe species, appropriate for enrichment processes once vegetation cover has been established. PFTs 3 and 4 represented intermediate strategies. Additionally, tree size was found to directly influence stem hydraulic architecture, and distinct anatomical configurations may occur within similar SG ranges, highlighting the need to integrate multi-trait approaches, as this trait alone does not fully capture the hydraulic and mechanical strategies of species. Full article
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14 pages, 4372 KB  
Article
A Multi-Scale Anatomical Wood Identification Approach Applied to Traditional Japanese Chord Instruments
by Flavio Ruffinatto, Simonetta Capetta, Aurora Canepari and Alan Crivellaro
Forests 2026, 17(1), 122; https://doi.org/10.3390/f17010122 - 15 Jan 2026
Viewed by 843
Abstract
Accurate wood identification is fundamental to any study, conservation, or restoration activity involving cultural heritage objects, including musical instruments. Here, we apply WoodScope, a structured, multi-scale and minimally invasive workflow for wood identification, to three traditional Japanese chord instruments, showing how a systematic [...] Read more.
Accurate wood identification is fundamental to any study, conservation, or restoration activity involving cultural heritage objects, including musical instruments. Here, we apply WoodScope, a structured, multi-scale and minimally invasive workflow for wood identification, to three traditional Japanese chord instruments, showing how a systematic sequence of visual, macroscopic, and microscopic observations maximizes diagnostic accuracy while safeguarding object integrity. The results show that out of 39 wooden parts analysed, 38 were identified non-invasively. In one case, targeted micro-sampling was performed, based on macroscopic observation, to obtain additional information. Overall, our results confirm that most instrument components can be reliably identified at the genus level or, when diagnostic characters are insufficient, to broader anatomical groups, without the need for destructive sampling. Our study demonstrates the efficacy of the WoodScope approach to optimise wood identification outcomes while preserving the object’s integrity and confining micro-targeted sampling to instances where microscopic anatomical characters are indispensable for reliable taxonomic identification and cannot be evaluated non-invasively. Full article
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