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Design and Management on High Voltage Power Systems and Insulation Materials

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A special issue of Energies (ISSN 1996-1073). This special issue belongs to the section "F6: High Voltage".

Deadline for manuscript submissions: closed (10 September 2023) | Viewed by 5690

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Special Issue Editors

Prof. Dr. Feng Liu

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Guest Editor

College of Electrical Engineering and Control Science, Nanjing Tech University, Nanjing 211816, China
Interests: high-voltage new technology and its application; high-voltage measurement technology; plasma diagnosis; plasma material processing and its application in high-voltage insulation and energy storage

Dr. Yani Wang

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Guest Editor

College of Electrical Engineering, Shanghai University of Electric Power, Shanghai 200090, China
Interests: high voltage equipment; solid insulation; space charge

Dr. Xi Zhu

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Guest Editor

College of Electrical Engineering and Control Science, Nanjing Tech University, Nanjing 211816, China
Interests: dielectric insulation test; evaluation of insulation state; material surface modification by low temperature plasma

Special Issue Information

Dear Colleagues,

To satisfy the growing increase in electricity demand, high-voltage power systems with higher performance and better stability are required, which raises challenges including the design of power systems, the control of high-power electronics, the synthesis and preparation of high-performance insulation materials, evaluation of insulation state, dielectric insulation tests, material modification, environment protection, etc. In the past few decades, with the development of power equipment, control methodologies, and advanced power-conversion techniques, the performance of high voltage power systems has been improved. In the meantime, a lot of effort has also been devoted to the development of novel evaluation methods for insulation aging, new processing for material modification and low-carbon-emission treatment by low-temperature plasma, which improves the safety and reliability of the key electrical insulation equipment in power systems. This Special Issue aims to present the most recent advances related to the design, management and modeling of high-voltage power systems and the preparation, modification and testing of insulation materials.

Topics of interest for publication include, but are not limited to:

Control and application of high-power electronics for AC-DC power conversion
Switching overvoltage, lightning overvoltage and overvoltage protection of high voltage power systems
Power equipment condition monitoring and diagnosis by partial discharge, dielectric loss, polarization and depolarization current.
High-voltage testing and measuring techniques
Novel synthesis and preparation of nano-dielectrics and new insulation materials
Material modification and improvement by coating, doping, fluorination, functionalization and plasma treatment
Dielectric insulation test and aging state evaluation by physicochemical parameter, space charge, breakdown and flashover voltage
Numerical analysis and simulation of dielectrics by multiphysics, molecular dynamics and quantum chemistry
Pulsed power science and technology
Computation, measurements and biomedical effects of intensive electromagnetic fields.

Prof. Dr. Feng Liu
Dr. Yani Wang
Dr. Xi Zhu
Guest Editors

Manuscript Submission Information

Manuscripts should be submitted online at www.mdpi.com by registering and logging in to this website. Once you are registered, click here to go to the submission form. Manuscripts can be submitted until the deadline. All submissions that pass pre-check are peer-reviewed. Accepted papers will be published continuously in the journal (as soon as accepted) and will be listed together on the special issue website. Research articles, review articles as well as short communications are invited. For planned papers, a title and short abstract (about 100 words) can be sent to the Editorial Office for announcement on this website.

Submitted manuscripts should not have been published previously, nor be under consideration for publication elsewhere (except conference proceedings papers). All manuscripts are thoroughly refereed through a single-blind peer-review process. A guide for authors and other relevant information for submission of manuscripts is available on the Instructions for Authors page. Energies is an international peer-reviewed open access semimonthly journal published by MDPI.

Please visit the Instructions for Authors page before submitting a manuscript. The Article Processing Charge (APC) for publication in this open access journal is 2600 CHF (Swiss Francs). Submitted papers should be well formatted and use good English. Authors may use MDPI's English editing service prior to publication or during author revisions.

Keywords

high-power electronics
power conversion
high-voltage test
online diagnosis for power equipment
power equipment condition monitoring
overvoltage protection
insulation materials
material modification
partial discharge
plasma
pulsed power
evaluation of insulation state
space charge
aging

Published Papers (5 papers)

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Editorial

Jump to: Research

3 pages, 175 KiB

Open AccessEditorial

Design and Management of High Voltage Power Systems and Insulation Materials

by Feng Liu, Yani Wang and Xi Zhu

Energies 2022, 15(13), 4620; https://doi.org/10.3390/en15134620 - 24 Jun 2022

Viewed by 941

Abstract

To satisfy the fast-growing electricity demand, high-voltage power systems with higher performance and better stability are required, which raises challenges including the design of power systems, the control of high-power electronics, the synthesis and preparation of high-performance insulation materials, evaluation of the insulation [...] Read more.

(This article belongs to the Special Issue Design and Management on High Voltage Power Systems and Insulation Materials)

Research

Jump to: Editorial

13 pages, 2667 KiB

Open AccessArticle

Electrostatic Field for Positive Lightning Impulse Breakdown Voltage in Sphere-to-Plane Air Gaps Using Machine Learning

by Jin-Tae Kim and Yun-Su Kim

Energies 2023, 16(17), 6221; https://doi.org/10.3390/en16176221 - 27 Aug 2023

Viewed by 761

Abstract

Breakdown (BD) voltage is significant in high-voltage power electric machines. Currently, BD voltages are mainly predicted by the semi-empirical formula in strongly inhomogeneous electric fields. However, the equation could not be applied for electrodes with weakly inhomogeneous electric fields. In this paper, positive lightning impulse BD voltages are predicted in various sphere-to-plane air gaps using forms of machine learning such as support vector regression (SVR), Bayesian regression (BR) and multilayer perceptron (MLP). Unlike previous studies, a method is also proposed by introducing streamer propagation characteristics as new features and by removing electric field gradients as unnecessary features to find out how to reduce the feature dimension. The streamer propagation characteristics are suggested to reflect the possibility of a discharge process between electrodes. Predicted voltages from machine learning algorithms are compared with the experimental results and calculated voltages from the semi-empirical formula. Firstly, the predictions from each model agreed well with the datasets. New features were observed to be applied for machine learning algorithms and to be as important as known electrostatic features before discharge. Secondly, predicted BD voltages were more accurate than calculated voltages from the semi-empirical equation in strongly inhomogeneous electric fields. Predictions from each model also agreed well with the experimental results in weakly inhomogeneous electric fields. The prediction accuracy of SVR was better than those of BR and MLP. Machine learning algorithms were also shown to be applied for electrodes with a wide range of inhomogeneities, unlike a semi-empirical method. We expect that the suggested features and machine learning algorithms can be used for accurately calculating BD voltages. Full article

(This article belongs to the Special Issue Design and Management on High Voltage Power Systems and Insulation Materials)

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17 pages, 5408 KiB

Open AccessArticle

Suppression Measures of Partial Discharge at Rod–Plate Connection in Composite Tower

by Jinpeng Hao, Jinzhu Huang, Ziyi Fang, Xiao He, Qiang Wu, Xiaolong Gu, Yu Wang and Hong Wu

Energies 2023, 16(9), 3712; https://doi.org/10.3390/en16093712 - 26 Apr 2023

Viewed by 713

Abstract

Rods and plates at the connections in composite insulating material towers are commonly fixed to each other by metal bolts, which may cause electrical field distortion at the connections. So, the rod–plate connections are prone to partial discharge under polluted and wet conditions, and the resulting electric field and temperature changes can affect the mechanical and electrical performance of the whole tower. In this paper, an artificial pollution test synchronous observation platform with an infrared and visible light imager, leakage current, and voltage measurement was built to observe the dry band formation and partial discharge at the simplified rod–plate connections in the composite towers. Then, the electric field simulation of the rod–plate connection specimen showed the current density distribution. When combining the test and the simulation, it was concluded that the cause of the partial discharge was the distortion of the current density and, thus, measures to suppress the partial discharge at the rod–plate connections were proposed. Finally, it was verified that the measures can improve the current density distortion phenomenon, delay dry band formation, and effectively suppress the partial discharge at the rod–plate connections under the same test conditions. Full article

(This article belongs to the Special Issue Design and Management on High Voltage Power Systems and Insulation Materials)

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17 pages, 3273 KiB

Open AccessFeature PaperArticle

Effect of Nano-MgO Doping in XLPE on Charge Transport and Electric Field Distribution in Composite Insulation of HVDC Cable Joint

by Yani Wang, Shuai Zhang, Yuanyuan Sun, Xingwu Yang and Chun Liu

Energies 2022, 15(19), 6948; https://doi.org/10.3390/en15196948 - 22 Sep 2022

Cited by 2 | Viewed by 1206

Abstract

The space charge characteristics of cross-linked polyethylene (XLPE) can be improved to some extent by doping the appropriate amount of nano-MgO. In this study, in order to explore the influence of nano-MgO on the space charge and electric field distributions of the composite insulation of high voltage direct current (HVDC) cable joints, the effect of nano-MgO concentration on the depth and density of the deep traps in MgO/XLPE was first analyzed. On this basis, the charge transport simulation model of a 320 kV HVDC cable joint was established with MgO/XLPE as the cable insulation, and the space charge and electric field distributions of the cable joint under different temperature conditions were simulated. It was found that the radial charge distribution in the joint shows different trends with the change of nano-MgO concentration. There is a significant difference in the charge density on both sides of the (MgO/XLPE)/EPDM interface, and the difference first decreased and then increased with the increase of concentration. When the nano-MgO concentration was 0.5 wt%, the number of charges in the radial direction is the fewest, and the maximum value is only 0.42 C/m⁻³. The radial electric field changed abruptly at the (MgO/XLPE)/EPDM interface, and it was homogenized to a certain extent with time. It was found that the highest electric field of the interface is at the root of the stress cone, which is the weakest point of the joint insulation. When the nano-MgO concentration was 0.5 wt%, the electric field at the root of the stress cone was found to be the lowest, with a value of 13.38 kV/mm. A comprehensive comparison shows that the joint can maintain better insulation when the concentration is 0.5 wt% compared to other concentrations. The results can provide a basis for further improving the insulation properties of HVDC cable joints through nano doping technology. Full article

(This article belongs to the Special Issue Design and Management on High Voltage Power Systems and Insulation Materials)

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17 pages, 3927 KiB

Open AccessArticle

Possibility of a Portable Power Generator Using Dielectric Elastomers and a Charging System for Secondary Batteries

by Seiki Chiba and Mikio Waki

Energies 2022, 15(16), 5854; https://doi.org/10.3390/en15165854 - 12 Aug 2022

Cited by 1 | Viewed by 1357

Abstract

Energy generation using dielectric elastomers (DE) has received a great deal of attention due to their light weight, low cost, and high efficiency. This method is an environmentally friendly system that generates electricity without emitting carbon dioxide and without using rare earths, and can contribute to the reduction of global warming. However, this DE system is expected to be used for wearables, such as shoe power generation, because it is not yet possible to make an energy generation element of a very large size. The problem is that this small DE generator can only generate a small amount of energy at one time. Therefore, in order to increase energy generation efficiency, it is necessary to use a material with higher conductivity for the DE electrode. Moreover, since DE energy generation is output at a high voltage, a circuit capable of stepping down with high efficiency is required in order to use this power for ordinary electric appliances. In addition to this, a circuit that can charge the secondary battery with high efficiency from the surplus power obtained by energy generation is also required. However, these are still technically difficult and have hardly been studied so far. We identified a highly efficient step-down circuit using two diaphragm-type DEs with a diameter of 8 cm, dropped 3000 V to 3.3 V, and succeeded in charging the secondary battery. The possibility of wearable or portable energy generation was shown in a commercial manner. Full article

(This article belongs to the Special Issue Design and Management on High Voltage Power Systems and Insulation Materials)

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