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Energies
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Design of Materials for Solid State Hydrogen Storage
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Design of Materials for Solid State Hydrogen Storage

A special issue of Energies (ISSN 1996-1073). This special issue belongs to the section "D1: Advanced Energy Materials".

Deadline for manuscript submissions: closed (25 June 2021) | Viewed by 18454

Special Issue Editor

Prof. Dr. Adam Revesz

E-Mail Website
Guest Editor
Department of Materials Physics, Eötvös University, P.O.B. 32, H-1518 Budapest, Hungary
Interests: hydrogen storage; nanocrystals; magnesium-based alloys; severe plastic deformation; ball-milling; X-ray diffraction; amourphous alloys; bulk metallic glasses

Special Issue Information

Dear Colleagues,

Although the utilization of renewable energy sources has been developing rapidly in recent years, their fraction of the overall energy economy is still small. Hydrogen, as the lightest element of all, appears to be a suitable energy storage media because of its exceptional chemical energy per unit mass (142 MJkg-1) and environmental friendliness. The stored energy of hydrogen can easily be transformed to electricity in a fuel cell with a by-product of water, resulting in a 100% clean emission. Hydrogen economy appears to be one of the main hopes for solving both renewable energy needs and environmental problems. However, the efficient storage of hydrogen is still a technological challenge in the way of its wide-range applications.

Among the different solid-state hydrogen storage systems, complex and conventional metal hydrides have drawn significant attention because of their remarkable gravimetric and volumetric capacities. The kinetics and thermodynamic destabilization of these materials can be improved either by nanocrystallization and/or by different additives. Nanocrystallization based on severe plastic deformation can be processed via high energy ball milling (HEBM), equal channel angular pressing (ECAP), and cold rolling (CR). Adding catalysts, like transition metals, their oxides, and carbon-based materials, have a substantial impact on the effectiveness of hydrogen storage.

This Special Issue would like to encourage the submission of original contributions regarding recent developments on materials synthesis for efficient hydrogen storage by processing techniques based on severe plastic deformation.

Prof. Dr. Adam Revesz
Guest Editor

Manuscript Submission Information

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Keywords

  • hydrogen storage
  • metal hydrides
  • complex hydrides
  • catalysts
  • carbon-based additives
  • sever plastic deformation
  • ball-milling
  • equal channel angular pressing
  • cold rolling

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Published Papers (4 papers)

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Research

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14 pages, 5260 KiB  
Article
Microstructural Investigation of Nanocrystalline Hydrogen-Storing Mg-Titanate Nanotube Composites Processed by High-Pressure Torsion
by Marcell Gajdics, Tony Spassov, Viktória Kovács Kis, Ferenc Béke, Zoltán Novák, Erhard Schafler and Ádám Révész
Energies 2020, 13(3), 563; https://doi.org/10.3390/en13030563 - 23 Jan 2020
Cited by 16 | Viewed by 3137
Abstract
A high-energy ball milling and subsequent high-pressure torsion method was applied to synthesize nanocrystalline magnesium samples catalyzed by TiO2 or titanate nanotubes. The microstructure of the as-milled powders and the torqued bulk disks was characterized by X-ray diffraction. The recorded diffractograms have [...] Read more.
A high-energy ball milling and subsequent high-pressure torsion method was applied to synthesize nanocrystalline magnesium samples catalyzed by TiO2 or titanate nanotubes. The microstructure of the as-milled powders and the torqued bulk disks was characterized by X-ray diffraction. The recorded diffractograms have been evaluated by the convolutional multiple whole profile fitting algorithm, which provided microstructural parameters (average crystal size, crystallite size distribution, average dislocation density). The morphology of the nanotube-containing disks has been examined by high-resolution transmission electron microscopy. The effect of the different additives and preparation conditions on the hydrogen absorption behavior was investigated in a Sieverts’-type apparatus. It was found that the ball-milling route has a prominent effect on the dispersion and morphology of the titanate nanotubes, and the absorption capability of the Mg-based composite is highly dependent on these features. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Design of Materials for Solid State Hydrogen Storage)
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13 pages, 3593 KiB  
Article
Direct Synthesis of NaBH4 Nanoparticles from NaOCH3 for Hydrogen Storage
by Ting Wang and Kondo-Francois Aguey-Zinsou
Energies 2019, 12(23), 4428; https://doi.org/10.3390/en12234428 - 21 Nov 2019
Cited by 10 | Viewed by 4290
Abstract
Hydrogen is regarded as a promising energy carrier to substitute fossil fuels. However, storing hydrogen with high density remains a challenge. NaBH4 is a potential hydrogen storage material due to its high gravimetric hydrogen density (10.8 mass%), but the hydrogen kinetic and [...] Read more.
Hydrogen is regarded as a promising energy carrier to substitute fossil fuels. However, storing hydrogen with high density remains a challenge. NaBH4 is a potential hydrogen storage material due to its high gravimetric hydrogen density (10.8 mass%), but the hydrogen kinetic and thermodynamic properties of NaBH4 are poor against the application needs. Nanosizing is an effective strategy to improve the hydrogen properties of NaBH4. In this context, we report on the direct synthesis of NaBH4 nanoparticles (~6–260 nm) from the NaOCH3 precursor. The hydrogen desorption properties of such nanoparticles are reported as well as experimental conditions that lead to the synthesis of (Na2B12H12) free NaBH4 nanoparticles. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Design of Materials for Solid State Hydrogen Storage)
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Review

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22 pages, 5052 KiB  
Review
High-Pressure Torsion of Non-Equilibrium Hydrogen Storage Materials: A Review
by Ádám Révész and Marcell Gajdics
Energies 2021, 14(4), 819; https://doi.org/10.3390/en14040819 - 4 Feb 2021
Cited by 26 | Viewed by 4215
Abstract
As the most abundant element in the world, hydrogen is a promising energy carrier and has received continuously growing attention in the last couple of decades. At the very moment, hydrogen fuel is imagined as the part of a sustainable and eco-friendly energy [...] Read more.
As the most abundant element in the world, hydrogen is a promising energy carrier and has received continuously growing attention in the last couple of decades. At the very moment, hydrogen fuel is imagined as the part of a sustainable and eco-friendly energy system, the “hydrogen grand challenge”. Among the large number of storage solutions, solid-state hydrogen storage is considered to be the safest and most efficient route for on-board applications via fuel cell devices. Notwithstanding the various advantages, storing hydrogen in a lightweight and compact form still presents a barrier towards the wide-spread commercialization of hydrogen technology. In this review paper we summarize the latest findings on solid-state storage solutions of different non-equilibrium systems which have been synthesized by mechanical routes based on severe plastic deformation. Among these deformation techniques, high-pressure torsion is proved to be a proficient method due to the extremely high applied shear strain that develops in bulk nanocrystalline and amorphous materials. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Design of Materials for Solid State Hydrogen Storage)
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28 pages, 6531 KiB  
Review
Design of Nanomaterials for Hydrogen Storage
by Luca Pasquini
Energies 2020, 13(13), 3503; https://doi.org/10.3390/en13133503 - 7 Jul 2020
Cited by 37 | Viewed by 5608
Abstract
The interaction of hydrogen with solids and the mechanisms of hydride formation experience significant changes in nanomaterials due to a number of structural features. This review aims at illustrating the design principles that have recently inspired the development of new nanomaterials for hydrogen [...] Read more.
The interaction of hydrogen with solids and the mechanisms of hydride formation experience significant changes in nanomaterials due to a number of structural features. This review aims at illustrating the design principles that have recently inspired the development of new nanomaterials for hydrogen storage. After a general discussion about the influence of nanomaterials’ microstructure on their hydrogen sorption properties, several scientific cases and hot topics are illustrated surveying various classes of materials. These include bulk-like nanomaterials processed by mechanochemical routes, thin films and multilayers, nano-objects with composite architectures such as core–shell or composite nanoparticles, and nanoparticles on porous or graphene-like supports. Finally, selected examples of recent in situ studies of metal–hydride transformation mechanisms using microscopy and spectroscopy techniques are highlighted. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Design of Materials for Solid State Hydrogen Storage)
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