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Advances in Energy Transition in Transport and Logistics in Modern, Low-Emission, Smart and Sustainable Cities

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A special issue of Energies (ISSN 1996-1073). This special issue belongs to the section "G1: Smart Cities and Urban Management".

Deadline for manuscript submissions: closed (17 February 2024) | Viewed by 8386

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Special Issue Editors

Dr. Oliwia Pietrzak

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Guest Editor

Faculty of Engineering and Economics of Transport, Maritime University of Szczecin, Wały Chrobrego 1-2, 70-500 Szczecin, Poland
Interests: passenger transport; public transport; urban transport; passenger behaviors; metropolitan railways; agglomeration railways; sustainable transport; electromobility; transport management; transportation systems

Dr. Krystian Pietrzak

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Guest Editor

Faculty of Engineering and Economics of Transport, Maritime University of Szczecin, Wały Chrobrego 1-2, 70-500 Szczecin, Poland
Interests: public transport; passenger transport; urban transport; railways; multimodal/intermodal transport; metropolitan railways; sustainable transport; electromobility; transport management; transportation systems

Dr. Andrzej Montwiłł

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Guest Editor

Faculty of Engineering and Economics of Transport, Maritime University of Szczecin, Wały Chrobrego 1-2, 70-500 Szczecin, Poland
Interests: transportation systems; multimodal/intermodal transport; metropolitan transport systems; sea–land transport systems; transport management; sustainable transport; low-/zero-emission transport

Dr. Agnieszka Deja

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Guest Editor

Faculty of Engineering and Economics of Transport, Maritime University of Szczecin, Wały Chrobrego 1-2, 70-500 Szczecin, Poland
Interests: sustainable transport; transport management; waste management; manufacturing logistics; city multi-floor manufacturing cluster; smart sustainable city; smart energy management

Prof. Dr. Leise de Oliveira

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Guest Editor

Department of Transport and Geotechnical Engineering, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, 31515-212 Belo Horizonte, Brazil
Interests: urban freight transport; city logistics; freight and passenger transport system; sustainable cities; sustainable development; econometrics
Special Issues, Collections and Topics in MDPI journals

Prof. Dr. Agnieszka Dardzińska-Głębocka

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Guest Editor

Department of Mechanical Engineering, Faculty of Mechanics and Applied Computer Science, Wiejska 45c, 15-161 Bialystok, Poland
Interests: signal processing; semantics; machine learning; data mining; databases; medical informatics; knowledge discovery; ontologies; database applications; natural language processing

Prof. Dr. Tomasz Królikowski

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Guest Editor

Faculty of Mechanical Engineering, Koszalin University of Technology, Sniadeckich 2, 75-453 Koszalin, Poland
Interests: industry 4.0; 3D printing; rapid prototyping; manufacturing logistics; city multi-floor manufacturing cluster; smart sustainable city; smart energy management; computer modeling

Special Issue Information

Dear Colleagues,

Cities are attractive places for people to live. They offer people better living conditions and development opportunities encompassing education, easy access to the labour market, knowledge and innovations, as well as cultural, sports or healthcare facilities. Unfortunately, rapid urbanisation also entails negative effects, which include: excessive use of limited resources, congestion, energy intensity, environmental pollution, civilisation diseases, the production of excess waste and irreversible functional changes in the city.

It is worth noting that individual cities (as well as agglomerations or metropolises) are marked by different features, problems or development possibilities. These ensue from various conditions such as location, the resources held, the existing ties with the environment, or the dominating functions of the given area. Regardless, all of them face the same dilemma: developing the transport system and logistic services, while mitigating their negative effects on humans and the environment. Energy transition measures could be a solution. They aim to reduce energy consumption and change the sources of energy for vehicles and devices (shifting away from non-renewable energy sources).

Port, trading, tourist and industrial cities play the role of national or international transport nodes, constituting a particularly interesting object of research in that respect. It is in such cities that considerable intensification and diversity of transport and logistic services are observed. These occur to meet the needs of not only residents, but also numerous entities carrying out their activities in the ports or in the area of industry, commerce or tourism. Therefore, their specific nature necessitates additional energy transition measures in transport and logistics. In such cities, innovative solutions aimed at reducing harmful substance emission and energy saving should be implemented in industry, port trans-shipments, warehousing works, trade or tourist traffic handling areas. This comprehensive approach will make it possible to maintain the attractiveness of urban areas and to achieve smart and sustainable development.

This Special Issue is a shared platform for presenting the research results obtained by researchers studying various aspects of transport and logistics in urban areas. We invite you to publish your original scientific work addressing the above-described issues, in particular, on the following topics:

Energy transition in passenger and freight transport;
Energy transition in logistics (first- and last-mile logistics, supply logistics, returns logistics and waste logistics).
Use of low- and zero-emission vehicles (electric, hybrid or hydrogen ones), smart vehicles and non-motorized transport;
Energy intensity of transport and logistics and use of renewable energy;
Switching from non-renewable to renewable energy sources;
Space management (Clean Transport Zones, Low Emission Zones and Zero Emission Zones, Paid Parking Zones, 15 Minute City and Transit-Oriented Development);
Transport and logistics infrastructure planning (Park&Ride, Kiss&Ride, Bike&Ride, Park&Go, modern passenger hubs, Local Distribution Centres, Urban Consolidation Centres, Urban Depots, parcel lockers and charging infrastructure);
Combining passenger and freight flows (Cargo hitching, co-modality and integration of freight and passenger public transportation system);
Traffic management (safety, modelling, optimisation and application of ICT tools);
Tourist and business traffic management;
Smart and sustainable development.

Dr. Oliwia Pietrzak
Dr. Krystian Pietrzak
Dr. Andrzej Montwiłł
Dr. Agnieszka Deja
Prof. Dr. Leise de Oliveira
Prof. Dr. Agnieszka Dardzińska-Głębocka
Prof. Dr. Tomasz Królikowski
Guest Editors

Manuscript Submission Information

Manuscripts should be submitted online at www.mdpi.com by registering and logging in to this website. Once you are registered, click here to go to the submission form. Manuscripts can be submitted until the deadline. All submissions that pass pre-check are peer-reviewed. Accepted papers will be published continuously in the journal (as soon as accepted) and will be listed together on the special issue website. Research articles, review articles as well as short communications are invited. For planned papers, a title and short abstract (about 100 words) can be sent to the Editorial Office for announcement on this website.

Submitted manuscripts should not have been published previously, nor be under consideration for publication elsewhere (except conference proceedings papers). All manuscripts are thoroughly refereed through a single-blind peer-review process. A guide for authors and other relevant information for submission of manuscripts is available on the Instructions for Authors page. Energies is an international peer-reviewed open access semimonthly journal published by MDPI.

Please visit the Instructions for Authors page before submitting a manuscript. The Article Processing Charge (APC) for publication in this open access journal is 2600 CHF (Swiss Francs). Submitted papers should be well formatted and use good English. Authors may use MDPI's English editing service prior to publication or during author revisions.

Keywords

energy transition
energy saving
energy intensity
electromobility
renewable energy
freight transport
passenger transport
public transport
transportation management
city logistics
electric vehicles
hybrid vehicles
hydrogen vehicles
smart vehicles
nonmotorized transport
traffic measurements
traffic modelling
traffic optimization
transportation safety
intelligent transportation systems
information in transport and city logistics
smart and sustainable cities
smart and sustainable development
space management
transport infrastructure

Published Papers (7 papers)

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Research

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18 pages, 1044 KiB

Open AccessArticle

Classification of Smart and Sustainable Urban Mobility

by Aleksandra Gulc and Klaudia Budna

Energies 2024, 17(9), 2148; https://doi.org/10.3390/en17092148 - 30 Apr 2024

Viewed by 148

Abstract

The main purpose of this article is to identify and classify smart and sustainable urban mobility solutions in the context of three narratives for sustainable mobility: electromobility, collective transport 2.0 and low-mobility societies. The research process of this study included the following methods: review of the literature, namely, strategic European documents, sustainable urban mobility plans in chosen cities and scientific publications addressing smart and sustainable mobility, case studies of selected cities in Europe and technology mapping to visualize the study results. The main result of this study is the review of various smart and sustainable urban solutions (SSUM) and their classification within the three narratives of electromobility, collective transport 2.0 and low-mobility societies. This article expands the concept of the three narratives for sustainable mobility with the aspect of smart mobility enriched with the variety of example solutions, case studies and good practices within mobility strategies in European cities. The study results can be useful for different stakeholders engaged in developing and introducing the sustainable mobility strategies in cities. Based on the catalogue of SSUM solutions, presented case studies and good practices, they may gain the necessary knowledge, consider the possible initiatives towards green transformation in cities and finally adjust them to the citizens’ need. Full article

(This article belongs to the Special Issue Advances in Energy Transition in Transport and Logistics in Modern, Low-Emission, Smart and Sustainable Cities)

22 pages, 4071 KiB

Open AccessArticle

LNG Logistics Model to Meet Demand for Bunker Fuel

by Ewelina Orysiak, Hubert Zielski and Mateusz Gawle

Energies 2024, 17(7), 1758; https://doi.org/10.3390/en17071758 - 06 Apr 2024

Viewed by 610

Abstract

The main objective of this manuscript is to build a model for the distribution of LNG as a marine fuel in the southern Baltic Sea based on a genetic algorithm in terms of cost. In order to achieve this, it was necessary to develop, in detail, research sub-objectives like analysis of the intensity of ship traffic in the indicated area and analysis of LNG demand in maritime transport. In the first part of this study, the authors use data from the IALA IWRAP Mk2 and the Statistical Office in Szczecin to analyse the marine traffic density (by type of vessel) in the southern part of the Baltic Sea. LNG used as marine fuel reduces toxic emissions into the atmosphere. The authors specify the LNG fleet size and locations of LNG storage facilities in a way to ensure that the defined LNG bunker vessels can supply fuel to LNG-powered vessels within the shortest possible time period. The database contains a set of traits necessary to determine the optimal demand for LNG. The traits were developed based on an existing LNG fleet and appropriately selected infrastructure, and they represent existing LNG-powered vessels as well as LNG bunker vessels and their specifications. Based on the created LNG distribution model, were performed in Matlab R2019a software. An LNG distribution model was developed, which uses a genetic algorithm to solve the task. The demand for LNG for the sea area under analysis was determined based on data on the capacity of LNG-powered vessels (by type of vessel) and their distance from the specified port. Full article

(This article belongs to the Special Issue Advances in Energy Transition in Transport and Logistics in Modern, Low-Emission, Smart and Sustainable Cities)

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27 pages, 1682 KiB

Open AccessArticle

Selection of the Family Electric Car Based on Objective and Subjective Criteria—Analysis of a Case Study of Polish Consumers

by Paweł Ziemba, Marek Kannchen and Mariusz Borawski

Energies 2024, 17(6), 1347; https://doi.org/10.3390/en17061347 - 12 Mar 2024

Viewed by 613

Abstract

In accordance with the policies of European Union countries, including Poland, users of combustion vehicles are and will be encouraged in the coming years to purchase BEVs (battery electric vehicles) through various restrictions, burdens, and incentives. In this context, it is important to choose a BEV that meets consumer needs. The practical aim of the article was to analyse BEVs used in households and to select a car with the highest utility for such a household located in a specific city in Poland. The scientific goal was to analyse the impact of subjective criteria and the imprecision of judgements on the results of the multi-criteria assessment of BEVs. The research used the PVM-VSI (Preference Vector Method—Vector Space of Increments) method, which allows for examining the impact of subjective criteria on the assessment results. Moreover, by examining the deviations of the assessments, the PVM-VSI method also allows for measuring the imprecision of subjective judgements. The study showed that including subjective criteria in the decision-making model may have a decisive impact on the obtained ranking of alternatives. In the study using objective and subjective criteria, Nissan Ariya ranked first. However, in the ranking based solely on objective criteria, Kia Niro EV won, and the winner of the first ranking took the last place. In the study, the imprecision of judgements did not have a significant impact on the order of vehicles in the ranking. Based on utilities and standard deviations, it was found that only if the decision-maker was prone to gambling would there be a slight switch between alternatives. Full article

(This article belongs to the Special Issue Advances in Energy Transition in Transport and Logistics in Modern, Low-Emission, Smart and Sustainable Cities)

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12 pages, 1866 KiB

Open AccessArticle

Simulation Model for Sustainable Management of the Air Cargo Screening Process

by Artur Kierzkowski, Tomasz Kisiel, Piotr Uchroński and Andrija Vidović

Energies 2023, 16(21), 7246; https://doi.org/10.3390/en16217246 - 25 Oct 2023

Viewed by 769

Abstract

This article presents a novel model for the management of air cargo shipment screening. Previous research has focused solely on making the air cargo screening process as efficient as possible. These scientific papers did not look at the costs generated by the improper selection of technical equipment for the cargo handled. The challenge is to be able to complete the entire screening process in the expected time with the lowest possible energy consumption. This article presents a discrete-event simulation model for the balanced planning of air cargo screening. The innovation of this solution is the parallel analysis of process performance and energy consumption. The user receives two variables (energy consumption and process execution time) in relation to the number of cargo shipments handled. The user can therefore control the process by taking these variables into account. This will allow the user to find the right system configuration for the preferences desired. It is possible to strike a balance between achieved process efficiency and energy consumption. This approach has not been considered so far. Given that energy consumption constitutes 15% of operating costs at airports, this is an important issue that needs to be addressed. Full article

(This article belongs to the Special Issue Advances in Energy Transition in Transport and Logistics in Modern, Low-Emission, Smart and Sustainable Cities)

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25 pages, 1487 KiB

Open AccessFeature PaperArticle

Efficient Energy Management for the Smart Sustainable City Multifloor Manufacturing Clusters: A Formalization of the Water Supply System Operation Conditions Based on Monitoring Water Consumption Profiles

by Liudmyla Davydenko, Nina Davydenko, Agnieszka Deja, Bogusz Wiśnicki and Tygran Dzhuguryan

Energies 2023, 16(11), 4519; https://doi.org/10.3390/en16114519 - 04 Jun 2023

Cited by 2 | Viewed by 1556

Abstract

This study is devoted to improving the energy efficiency of urban infrastructure systems (UISs), in particular, the centralized water supply of a city multifloor manufacturing cluster (CMFMC), by developing the principles of effective energy consumption management. The CMFMCs are located in the residential area of a megapolis and include manufacturing and service enterprises, residential and non-residential buildings, and a city logistics node. Demand monitoring and identification of the influence of seasonal and social environmental factors on its fluctuations is considered as a tool for identifying changes in the operating conditions of the water supply system (WSS) for the CMFMC facilities. To identify the typical operating conditions of water supply facilities, an approach is proposed that involves the analysis of daily water consumption profiles (WCPs). The formation of a database, the formation of groups of the same type of daily WCPs, and the construction of typical daily WCPs for typical groups and their description are the main stages of the proposed approach. The database contains a set of classification characteristics that describe the daily water consumption and its unevenness, as well as the shape of the daily WCP. The principal component analysis was applied to determine the dominant components of daily water consumption. A set of morphometric parameters was used to describe the shape of the daily WCPs. The methods of cluster and discriminant analysis were used to identify the influence of seasonality and social factors on water consumption and to form groups of the same type of daily WCPs. The analysis of sets of similar type of daily WCPs for typical days of typical seasons was carried out for a formalized description of the typical operating conditions of water supply facilities. The results of the analysis are the clarification of the equations of the dominant components of daily water consumption, the determination of the average values of the characteristics of daily water consumption, and the construction and description of typical daily WCPs for typical operating conditions of water supply facilities. The research results were obtained on the basis of the data of the monitoring systems for water supply enterprises in Ukraine and Poland in 2021–2022. The obtained results are the basis for planning the water supply process and adjusting the operation modes of WSS pumping stations for the CMFMC, as well as planning power consumption for typical operating conditions, which will contribute to increasing the efficiency of water and electricity use. Full article

(This article belongs to the Special Issue Advances in Energy Transition in Transport and Logistics in Modern, Low-Emission, Smart and Sustainable Cities)

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20 pages, 4403 KiB

Open AccessFeature PaperArticle

Simulation Model for Operational Planning of City Cargo Transportation by Trams in Conditions of Stochastic Demand

by Agnieszka Merkisz-Guranowska, Natalya Shramenko, Marcin Kiciński and Vladyslav Shramenko

Energies 2023, 16(10), 4076; https://doi.org/10.3390/en16104076 - 13 May 2023

Cited by 1 | Viewed by 1172

Abstract

A city’s transport and distribution system requires the effective organization of urban freight deliveries that take into consideration the economic, ecological, and social impact. Implementation of the concept of green logistics necessitates the use of environmentally friendly and energy-efficient modes of transport, which consider the existing infrastructure and the possibility of its development. The aim of this work was to facilitate the transfer to rail transport, using the existing tramway infrastructure, those shipments which previously entered the city center by road. The paper proposes a simulation model for small consignments delivered by freight trams in the city of Poznań, Poland. Operational planning is carried out in conditions of uncertainty and risk. The uncertainty is due to the stochastic nature of the demand for products. The risk is characterized by the probability that, due to technological and technical limitations, a given customer will not be fully served from the distribution center. The authors provide a decision support tool for evaluating the possible locations of tram depots and for route planning. The assignment of the routes, with the criterion of minimizing the costs for the carrier, and with a limitation on tram operating time, is based on the use of genetic algorithms, which makes it possible to obtain a solution that is close to optimal, within a reasonable time period. As a result of a series of simulation experiments and statistical data processing, the distribution laws and expected average values of the technological parameters were determined for the functioning of the city transport and distribution system under conditions of uncertainty and risk. Full article

(This article belongs to the Special Issue Advances in Energy Transition in Transport and Logistics in Modern, Low-Emission, Smart and Sustainable Cities)

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Review

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31 pages, 3628 KiB

Open AccessReview

A Comprehensive Review of Deep-Learning Applications to Power Quality Analysis

by Indu Sekhar Samanta, Subhasis Panda, Pravat Kumar Rout, Mohit Bajaj, Marian Piecha, Vojtech Blazek and Lukas Prokop

Energies 2023, 16(11), 4406; https://doi.org/10.3390/en16114406 - 30 May 2023

Cited by 6 | Viewed by 1926

Abstract

Power quality (PQ) monitoring and detection has emerged as an essential requirement due to the proliferation of sensitive power electronic interfacing devices, electric vehicle charging stations, energy storage devices, and distributed generation energy sources in the recent smart grid and microgrid scenarios. Even though, to date, the traditional approaches play a vital role in providing a solution to the above issue, the limitations, such as the requirement of significant human effort and not being scalable for large-scale power systems, force us to think of alternative approaches. Looking at a better perspective, deep-learning (DL) has gained the main attraction for various researchers due to its inherent capability to classify the data by extracting dominating and prominent features. This manuscript attempts to provide a comprehensive review of PQ detection and classification based on DL approaches to explore its potential, efficiency, and consistency to produce results accurately. In addition, this state-of-the-art review offers an overview of the novel concepts and the step-by-step method for detecting and classifying PQ events. This review has been presented categorically with DL approaches, such as convolutional neural networks (CNNs), autoencoders, and recurrent neural networks (RNNs), to analyze PQ data. This paper also highlights the challenges and limitations of using DL for PQ analysis, and identifies potential areas for future research. This review concludes that DL algorithms have shown promising PQ detection and classification results, and could replace traditional methods. Full article

(This article belongs to the Special Issue Advances in Energy Transition in Transport and Logistics in Modern, Low-Emission, Smart and Sustainable Cities)

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