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Advances in Microgrid Energy Management with Integrated Renewables and Power Electronics

A special issue of Energies (ISSN 1996-1073). This special issue belongs to the section "A1: Smart Grids and Microgrids".

Deadline for manuscript submissions: closed (20 December 2025) | Viewed by 4194

Special Issue Editor

Dr. Alessia Cagnano

E-Mail Website
Guest Editor
Department of Information Engineering, Infrastructure and Sustainable Energy (DIIES), University Mediterranea of Reggio Calabria, 89122 Reggio Calabria, Italy
Interests: power system analysis; distribution systems; microgrids; smart grid; energy management
Special Issues, Collections and Topics in MDPI journals

Special Issue Information

Dear Colleagues,

In recent years, renewable-powered microgrids have emerged as a promising solution to address contemporary energy and environmental challenges. By offering decentralized electricity generation with significantly reduced carbon emissions compared to traditional sources, microgrids pave the way for a more sustainable and resilient energy future. However, the integration of renewable energy sources through power electronics poses several energy management challenges. While modern power converters enhance controllability and flexibility, they can also impact microgrid stability by altering system inertia compared to conventional generators. These complexities are compounded by the inherent variability in renewable supplies, underscoring the need for advanced energy management strategies.

Considering these challenges, this Special Issue will gather cutting-edge research on microgrid energy management, focusing on innovative methodologies, algorithms, and technologies. We invite contributions that explore strategies to optimize a microgrid’s performance, enhance its stability, and increase its efficiency in the context of high renewable integration and advanced power electronics.

Topics of interest for publication include, but are not limited to, the following:

  1. Advanced control algorithms for energy management in high-renewable-penetration microgrids;
  2. Modern control techniques for load balancing and demand management in microgrids;
  3. Innovative methods for the optimal sizing and placement of distributed energy resources in microgrids;
  4. Novel power converter designs and their impacts on microgrid dynamics;
  5. Power converter modulation techniques for improving power quality;
  6. Innovative real-time control methodologies for enhancing microgrid stability, efficiency, and reliability;
  7. Advanced control methodologies for real-time monitoring, control, and optimization of energy storage systems.
  8. Case studies and real-world implementations of renewable-powered microgrids.

Dr. Alessia Cagnano
Guest Editor

Manuscript Submission Information

Manuscripts should be submitted online at www.mdpi.com by registering and logging in to this website. Once you are registered, click here to go to the submission form. Manuscripts can be submitted until the deadline. All submissions that pass pre-check are peer-reviewed. Accepted papers will be published continuously in the journal (as soon as accepted) and will be listed together on the special issue website. Research articles, review articles as well as short communications are invited. For planned papers, a title and short abstract (about 250 words) can be sent to the Editorial Office for assessment.

Submitted manuscripts should not have been published previously, nor be under consideration for publication elsewhere (except conference proceedings papers). All manuscripts are thoroughly refereed through a single-blind peer-review process. A guide for authors and other relevant information for submission of manuscripts is available on the Instructions for Authors page. Energies is an international peer-reviewed open access semimonthly journal published by MDPI.

Please visit the Instructions for Authors page before submitting a manuscript. The Article Processing Charge (APC) for publication in this open access journal is 2600 CHF (Swiss Francs). Submitted papers should be well formatted and use good English. Authors may use MDPI's English editing service prior to publication or during author revisions.

Keywords

  • microgrids
  • renewable energy sources
  • energy storage systems
  • power electronics
  • energy management
  • advanced control algorithms
  • real-time control
  • power quality
  • microgrid stability
  • demand management
  • load balancing
  • predictive control

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Related Special Issue

Published Papers (4 papers)

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Research

23 pages, 2459 KB  
Article
Optimizing Renewable Energy Distribution Networks with AI Techniques: The A-IsolE Project
by Gian Giuseppe Soma, Maria Giulia Pasquarelli, Massimo Pentolini, Cristina Dore, Francesco Martini, Andrea Bagnasco, Andrea Vinci, Giulio Valfrè, Enrico Bessone, Gabriele Mosaico and Matteo Saviozzi
Energies 2026, 19(7), 1718; https://doi.org/10.3390/en19071718 - 31 Mar 2026
Viewed by 564
Abstract
The large-scale penetration of Distributed Energy Resources (DERs), the proliferation of Energy Communities, and the increasing provision of flexibility services are fundamentally transforming distribution network operation, rendering traditional Distribution Management Systems (DMSs) structurally inadequate. This paper addresses this structural gap by proposing and [...] Read more.
The large-scale penetration of Distributed Energy Resources (DERs), the proliferation of Energy Communities, and the increasing provision of flexibility services are fundamentally transforming distribution network operation, rendering traditional Distribution Management Systems (DMSs) structurally inadequate. This paper addresses this structural gap by proposing and experimentally validating A-ISolE, a novel hybrid Artificial Intelligence (AI) architecture that natively integrates centralized and distributed intelligence within a unified DMS framework. The core scientific contribution of this work lies in the formulation and deployment of a coordinated, hierarchical AI paradigm in which cloud-level predictive and optimization modules dynamically interact with edge-level autonomous control agents. Specifically, the paper introduces: (1) an integrated forecasting state estimation pipeline with AI-enhanced grid observability; (2) intelligent fault location and optimal feeder reconfiguration algorithms embedded into operational control loops; and (3) distributed edge control strategies enabling autonomous yet coordinated microgrid stabilization. The architecture is validated on a real pilot microgrid in Sanremo (Italy). Experimental results demonstrate quantifiable gains in many parameters, substantiating the feasibility of hybrid centralized/distributed AI as a foundational paradigm for future resilient and decarbonized distribution networks. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Advances in Microgrid Energy Management with Integrated Renewables and Power Electronics)
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33 pages, 10075 KB  
Article
Seamless Transition of Advanced Microgrids—Toward the UPS Limits of VSC Interfaces
by Samuel Kamajaya, Raphael Caire, Jerome Buire, Jean Wild and Seddik Bacha
Energies 2026, 19(5), 1168; https://doi.org/10.3390/en19051168 - 26 Feb 2026
Cited by 1 | Viewed by 778
Abstract
As the global energy landscape shifts toward sustainability, microgrids incorporating Photovoltaic (PV) generation and Battery Energy Storage Systems (BESS) are becoming essential in commercial and industrial facilities. This research tackles the challenge of maintaining uninterrupted power supply to sensitive loads when grid disturbances [...] Read more.
As the global energy landscape shifts toward sustainability, microgrids incorporating Photovoltaic (PV) generation and Battery Energy Storage Systems (BESS) are becoming essential in commercial and industrial facilities. This research tackles the challenge of maintaining uninterrupted power supply to sensitive loads when grid disturbances occur. We propose a novel loss-of-mains detection method capable of identifying grid faults in under 3 milliseconds—well within the 10-millisecond threshold required for critical equipment to ride through the transition without disruption. Building on this fast detection, we develop inverter control strategies that enable a smooth transfer from grid-following to grid-forming operation while limiting transient overvoltage and overcurrent. Additionally, a coordinated operating sequence is introduced to ensure grid code compliance and proper management of distributed energy resources throughout the islanding process. The complete approach is validated experimentally using a dedicated prototype and a Power-Hardware-in-the-Loop (P-HIL) microgrid demonstrator, confirming its effectiveness and advancing the technology readiness level toward real-world deployment. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Advances in Microgrid Energy Management with Integrated Renewables and Power Electronics)
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18 pages, 9967 KB  
Article
An Adaptive Wireless Droop Control with Adaptive Virtual Resistance for Power Sharing Management in MTDC Grid
by Hasan Alrajhi , Ahmed Al-Zahrani , Syed A. Raza  and Fahad Al-Shareef 
Energies 2025, 18(11), 2808; https://doi.org/10.3390/en18112808 - 28 May 2025
Cited by 1 | Viewed by 1075
Abstract
This paper presents an adaptive wireless droop control scheme that uses an adaptive virtual resistance to regulate the DC voltage and control the active power. The proposed methodology is implemented to address the power mismatch problem in a fixed-droop control for multi-terminal HVDC [...] Read more.
This paper presents an adaptive wireless droop control scheme that uses an adaptive virtual resistance to regulate the DC voltage and control the active power. The proposed methodology is implemented to address the power mismatch problem in a fixed-droop control for multi-terminal HVDC (MT-HVDC or MTDC) systems. Each inverter calculates available power and adjusts its output power accordingly while adapting the virtual resistance to mimic the behavior of a mesh system that is based on loading effects. The main objective of this methodology is to increase the reliability of the MTDC system by eliminating the need for fast communication links and ensuring proper power sharing between inverters. Additionally, this communication-free scheme includes a power management algorithm that controls power sharing during peak hours of the inverters among the rectifiers as per mutual agreements between the operators to mitigate the risk of a system overload and optimize the power sharing. A simulation of a five-terminal mesh MTDC system has been verified by using PSCAD/EMTDC to validate the performance and effectiveness of the proposed method. The results show the flexibility and feasibility of the proposed control method in three different modes. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Advances in Microgrid Energy Management with Integrated Renewables and Power Electronics)
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22 pages, 3416 KB  
Article
Can Integrating SoC Management in Economic Dispatch Enhance Real-Time Operation of a Microgrid?
by Alessia Cagnano
Energies 2025, 18(7), 1802; https://doi.org/10.3390/en18071802 - 3 Apr 2025
Cited by 12 | Viewed by 968
Abstract
The aim of this paper is to develop a self-adaptive control methodology capable of optimizing in real-time the operation of PV-powered microgrids by dynamically managing both the output powers of battery energy storage systems (BESSs) and power exchanges with the utility grid. Control [...] Read more.
The aim of this paper is to develop a self-adaptive control methodology capable of optimizing in real-time the operation of PV-powered microgrids by dynamically managing both the output powers of battery energy storage systems (BESSs) and power exchanges with the utility grid. Control actions are evaluated by solving a constrained multi-objective optimization problem that integrates the optimal state-of-charge (SoC) management of BESSs within a broader economic dispatch framework. In this way, the SoC is continuously optimized alongside other economic objectives, such as minimizing operating costs and maximizing revenues from energy sales to the grid, while maintaining the microgrid’s energy balance. This ensures that BESSs operate efficiently within their optimal ranges, preventing premature depletion or overload and thereby safeguarding overall microgrid performance. To enable real-time adaptability, the methodology employs a Lyapunov-based optimization algorithm combined with a sensitivity analysis, ensuring rapid convergence to optimal solutions, even under rapidly changing conditions. Computer simulations performed on a low-voltage PV-BESS-based microgrid under different operating conditions confirm the effectiveness of the proposed methodology in enhancing real-time economic performance, operational efficiency, and microgrid reliability. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Advances in Microgrid Energy Management with Integrated Renewables and Power Electronics)
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