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Advances in Hydrogen and Energy Transition
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Advances in Hydrogen and Energy Transition

A special issue of Energies (ISSN 1996-1073). This special issue belongs to the section "A5: Hydrogen Energy".

Deadline for manuscript submissions: closed (25 April 2025) | Viewed by 16913

Special Issue Editors

Dr. Ofelia A. Jianu

E-Mail Website
Guest Editor
Faculty of Engineering, University of Windsor, Windsor, ON, Canada
Interests: sustainable energy systems; hydrogen production; wind energy; transport phenomena
Special Issues, Collections and Topics in MDPI journals
Dr. Canan Acar

E-Mail Website
Guest Editor
Faculty of Engineering Technology, University of Twente, Enschede, The Netherlands
Interests: decarbonization; exergy; hydrogen; integrated energy systems; photochemical hydrogen; sustainable energy

Special Issue Information

Dear Colleagues,

We are pleased to announce a Special Issue on Advances in Hydrogen and Energy Transition. As known, hydrogen has emerged as a promising energy carrier. It is essential for decarbonizing heat and power across different sectors such as buildings, transportation, industry, logistics, and more. Hydrogen-based solutions can play a crucial role in mitigating greenhouse gas emissions and fostering a sustainable future.

This Special Issue invites contributions from researchers and practitioners in academia, industry, and the government actively working on hydrogen-related topics. We welcome original research articles, review papers, and case studies related to, but not limited to, the following topics:

  • Hydrogen production technologies;
  • Hydrogen storage and transportation;
  • Integration of renewable energy sources into hydrogen systems;
  • Hydrogen utilization in buildings and district heating systems;
  • Hydrogen as a fuel for transportation (vehicles, refueling infrastructure, et cetera.);
  • Integration of hydrogen in energy systems;
  • Life cycle analysis and sustainability of hydrogen systems;
  • Policy, regulatory, and market issues related to hydrogen adoption;
  • Economic and business models for hydrogen-based solutions.

This Special Issue will provide a platform for exchanging knowledge and ideas among researchers and practitioners in the hydrogen and energy transition field. We look forward to receiving your contributions and thank you for your interest in this Special Issue.

Dr. Ofelia A. Jianu
Dr. Canan Acar
Guest Editors

Manuscript Submission Information

Manuscripts should be submitted online at www.mdpi.com by registering and logging in to this website. Once you are registered, click here to go to the submission form. Manuscripts can be submitted until the deadline. All submissions that pass pre-check are peer-reviewed. Accepted papers will be published continuously in the journal (as soon as accepted) and will be listed together on the special issue website. Research articles, review articles as well as short communications are invited. For planned papers, a title and short abstract (about 100 words) can be sent to the Editorial Office for announcement on this website.

Submitted manuscripts should not have been published previously, nor be under consideration for publication elsewhere (except conference proceedings papers). All manuscripts are thoroughly refereed through a single-blind peer-review process. A guide for authors and other relevant information for submission of manuscripts is available on the Instructions for Authors page. Energies is an international peer-reviewed open access semimonthly journal published by MDPI.

Please visit the Instructions for Authors page before submitting a manuscript. The Article Processing Charge (APC) for publication in this open access journal is 2600 CHF (Swiss Francs). Submitted papers should be well formatted and use good English. Authors may use MDPI's English editing service prior to publication or during author revisions.

Keywords

  • hydrogen infrastructure
  • hydrogen production
  • hydrogen usage
  • hydrogen storage
  • integrated hydrogen energy systems
  • sustainable energy systems
  • power-to-x

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Further information on MDPI's Special Issue policies can be found here.

Published Papers (6 papers)

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Research

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19 pages, 4532 KiB  
Article
Day-Ahead Optimization of Proton Exchange Membrane Electrolyzer Operations Considering System Efficiency and Green Hydrogen Production Constraints Imposed by the European Regulatory Framework
by Giuseppe Graber, Vito Calderaro, Vincenzo Galdi, Lucio Ippolito, Fabrizio De Caro and Alfredo Vaccaro
Energies 2024, 17(22), 5713; https://doi.org/10.3390/en17225713 - 15 Nov 2024
Viewed by 1015
Abstract
Clean hydrogen (H2) use (i.e., produced using either renewable or low-carbon energy sources) can help decarbonize energy-intensive industries, the transport sector, and the power sector. The European regulatory framework establishes that the production of green H2 must be supported either [...] Read more.
Clean hydrogen (H2) use (i.e., produced using either renewable or low-carbon energy sources) can help decarbonize energy-intensive industries, the transport sector, and the power sector. The European regulatory framework establishes that the production of green H2 must be supported either by the electricity grid through a power purchase agreement (PPA) or by intermittent renewable energy source (RES) plants owned by the hydrogen producer. Although the issue of the optimization of hydrogen production costs has already been approached, constraints related to the current regulatory framework and the modeling of nonlinear electrolyzer efficiency still represent open problems. In this paper, a mixed-integer linear programming (MILP) problem, assuming as the objective function the overall cost minimization of the allowed energy mix for green H2 production, is formulated. Two approaches are compared: in the first one, electrolyzers can only operate at 100% load, whereas the second one allows for more flexible electrolyzer scheduling, by enabling partial-load working operations. The simulation results of several scenarios considering different H2 production targets, forecasted RES production, and cost for PPAs demonstrate the effectiveness of the proposed methodology. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Advances in Hydrogen and Energy Transition)
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23 pages, 2688 KiB  
Article
Routes for Hydrogen Introduction in the Industrial Hard-to-Abate Sectors for Promoting Energy Transition
by Alessandro Franco and Caterina Giovannini
Energies 2023, 16(16), 6098; https://doi.org/10.3390/en16166098 - 21 Aug 2023
Cited by 14 | Viewed by 3329
Abstract
This paper offers a set of comprehensive guidelines aimed at facilitating the widespread adoption of hydrogen in the industrial hard-to-abate sectors. The authors begin by conducting a detailed analysis of these sectors, providing an overview of their unique characteristics and challenges. This paper [...] Read more.
This paper offers a set of comprehensive guidelines aimed at facilitating the widespread adoption of hydrogen in the industrial hard-to-abate sectors. The authors begin by conducting a detailed analysis of these sectors, providing an overview of their unique characteristics and challenges. This paper delves into specific elements related to hydrogen technologies, shedding light on their potential applications, and discussing feasible implementation strategies. By exploring the strengths and limitations of each technology, this paper offers valuable insights into its suitability for specific applications. Finally, through a specific analysis focused on the steel sector, the authors provide in-depth information on the potential benefits and challenges associated with hydrogen adoption in this context. By emphasizing the steel sector as a focal point, the authors contribute to a more nuanced understanding of hydrogen’s role in decarbonizing industrial processes and inspire further exploration of its applications in other challenging sectors. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Advances in Hydrogen and Energy Transition)
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14 pages, 1709 KiB  
Article
Assessing the Feasibility of Hydrogen and Electric Buses for Urban Public Transportation using Rooftop Integrated Photovoltaic Energy in Cuenca Ecuador
by Antonia Cevallos-Escandón, Edgar Antonio Barragan-Escandón, Esteban Zalamea-León, Xavier Serrano-Guerrero and Julio Terrados-Cepeda
Energies 2023, 16(14), 5569; https://doi.org/10.3390/en16145569 - 24 Jul 2023
Cited by 4 | Viewed by 2592
Abstract
A main restriction of renewables from intermittent sources is the mismatch between energy resource availability and energy requirements, especially when extensive power plants are producing at their highest potential causing huge energy surpluses. In these cases, excess power must be stored or curtailed. [...] Read more.
A main restriction of renewables from intermittent sources is the mismatch between energy resource availability and energy requirements, especially when extensive power plants are producing at their highest potential causing huge energy surpluses. In these cases, excess power must be stored or curtailed. One alternative is increasing urban solar potential which could be integrated to feed electric buses directly or alternatively through hydrogen (H2) as an energy vector. H2 from renewable electricity can be stored and used directly or through fuel cells. This study aims to determine the H2 capability that could be achieved when integrating large-scale photovoltaic (PV) generation in urban areas. This analysis was carried out by determining the PV energy potentially generated by installing PV in Cuenca City downtown (Ecuador). Cuenca is in the process of adopting renewal of the public transport vehicle fleet, introducing a new model with an electric tram main network combined with “clean type buses”. The conventional diesel urban transport could be replaced, establishing a required vehicle fleet of 475 buses spread over 29 routes, emitting 112 tons of CO2 and burning 11,175 gallons of diesel daily. Between the main findings, we concluded that the electricity that could be produced in the total roof area exceeds the actual demand in the study area by 5.5 times. Taking into account the energy surplus, it was determined that the available PV power will cover from 97% to 127% of the total demand necessary to mobilize the city bus fleet. The novelty of this work is the proposal of a combined methodology to find the potential to feed urban transport with urban solar power in cities, close to the equatorial line. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Advances in Hydrogen and Energy Transition)
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Review

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50 pages, 8171 KiB  
Review
A Review on the Overall Performance of Metal Hydride-Based Hydrogen Storage Systems
by Puchanee Larpruenrudee, Nick S. Bennett, Zhen Luo, M. J. Hossain, Nawshad Haque, Emilie Sauret, Robert Fitch and Mohammad S. Islam
Energies 2025, 18(5), 1291; https://doi.org/10.3390/en18051291 - 6 Mar 2025
Viewed by 940
Abstract
Metal hydride-based hydrogen storage (MHHS) has been used for several purposes, including mobile and stationary applications. In general, the overall MHHS performance for both applications depends on three main factors, which are the appropriate selection of metal hydride material uses, design configurations of [...] Read more.
Metal hydride-based hydrogen storage (MHHS) has been used for several purposes, including mobile and stationary applications. In general, the overall MHHS performance for both applications depends on three main factors, which are the appropriate selection of metal hydride material uses, design configurations of the MHHS based on the heat exchanger, and overall operating conditions. However, there are different specific requirements for the two applications. The weight of the overall MHHS is the key requirement for mobile applications, while hydrogen storage capacity is the key requirement for stationary applications. Based on these requirements, several techniques have been recently used to enhance MHHS performance by mostly considering the faster hydrogen absorption/desorption reaction. Considering metal hydride (MH) materials, their low thermal conductivity significantly impacts the hydrogen absorption/desorption reaction. For this purpose, a comprehensive understanding of these three main factors and the hydrogen absorption/desorption reaction is critical and it should be up to date to obtain the suitable MHHS performance for all related applications. Therefore, this article reviews the key techniques, which have recently been applied for the enhancement of MHHS performance. In the review, it is demonstrated that the design and layout of the heat exchanger greatly affect the performance of the internal heat exchanger. The initial temperature of the heat transfer fluid and hydrogen supply pressure are the main parameters to increase the hydrogen sorption rate and specific heating power. The higher supply pressure results in the improvement in specific heating power. For the metal hydride material selection under the consideration of mobile applications and stationary applications, it is important to strike trade-offs between hydrogen storage capacity, weight, material cost, and effective thermal conductivity. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Advances in Hydrogen and Energy Transition)
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34 pages, 701 KiB  
Review
Digital Twins for Enhancing Efficiency and Assuring Safety in Renewable Energy Systems: A Systematic Literature Review
by Razeen Hashmi, Huai Liu and Ali Yavari
Energies 2024, 17(11), 2456; https://doi.org/10.3390/en17112456 - 21 May 2024
Cited by 9 | Viewed by 3476
Abstract
As the demand for sustainable energy solutions grows, there is a critical requirement for continuous innovation to optimize the performance and safety of renewable energy systems (RESs). Closed-loop digital twins (CLDTs)—synchronized virtual replicas embedded with real-time data and control loops to mirror the [...] Read more.
As the demand for sustainable energy solutions grows, there is a critical requirement for continuous innovation to optimize the performance and safety of renewable energy systems (RESs). Closed-loop digital twins (CLDTs)—synchronized virtual replicas embedded with real-time data and control loops to mirror the behavior of physical systems—have emerged as a promising tool for achieving this goal. This paper presents a systematic literature review on the application of digital twin (DT) technology in the context of RESs with an emphasis on the impact of DTs on the efficiency, performance, and safety assurance of RESs. It explores the concept of CLDTs, highlighting their key functionalities and potential benefits for various renewable energy technologies. However, their effective implementation requires a structured approach to integrate observation, orientation, decision, and action (OODA) processes. This study presents a novel OODA framework specifically designed for CLDTs to systematically identify and manage their key components. These components include real-time monitoring, decision-making, and actuation. The comparison is carried out against the capabilities of DT utilizing the OODA framework. By analyzing the current literature, this review explores how DT empowers RESs with enhanced efficiency, reduced risks, and improved safety assurance. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Advances in Hydrogen and Energy Transition)
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23 pages, 3085 KiB  
Review
A Systematic Study on Techno-Economic Evaluation of Hydrogen Production
by Victor Hugo Souza de Abreu, Victória Gonçalves Ferreira Pereira, Laís Ferreira Crispino Proença, Fabio Souza Toniolo and Andrea Souza Santos
Energies 2023, 16(18), 6542; https://doi.org/10.3390/en16186542 - 11 Sep 2023
Cited by 16 | Viewed by 4529
Abstract
This paper aims to perform a systematic review, with a bibliometric approach, of the techno-economic evaluation studies of hydrogen production. To achieve this objective, a comprehensive outline of hydrogen production processes from fossil and renewable sources is presented. The results reveal that electrolysis, [...] Read more.
This paper aims to perform a systematic review, with a bibliometric approach, of the techno-economic evaluation studies of hydrogen production. To achieve this objective, a comprehensive outline of hydrogen production processes from fossil and renewable sources is presented. The results reveal that electrolysis, classified as water splitting, is the most investigated process in the literature since it contributes to a reduction in greenhouse gas emissions and presents other advantages, such as maturity and applicability, energy efficiency, flexibility, and energy storage potential. In addition, the processes of gasification, classified as thermochemical, and steam reforming, classified as catalytic reforming, are worth mentioning. Regarding the biological category, there is a balance between research on photo fermentation and dark fermentation. The literature on the techno-economic evaluation of hydrogen production highlights significant gaps, including a scarcity of comprehensive studies, a lack of emphasis on commercial viability, an absence of sensitivity analysis, and the need for comparative analyses between production technologies. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Advances in Hydrogen and Energy Transition)
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