Blockchain Technology Is Applied in the IoT System

A special issue of Electronics (ISSN 2079-9292). This special issue belongs to the section "Networks".

Deadline for manuscript submissions: 30 April 2024 | Viewed by 5702

Special Issue Editors


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Guest Editor
Department of Information Technology, Takming University of Science and Technology, Taipei City 11451, Taiwan
Interests: blockchain; cloud database; fusion; Internet of Things (IoT); wireless sensor networks (WSNs)

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Guest Editor
Department of Electrical Engineering, National Chin-Yi University of Technology, Taichung City 411030, Taiwan
Interests: AIoT; wireless sensor network; SOC and microcontroller design; RFID; complex curve and curved surface design
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Special Issue Information

Dear Colleagues,

Blockchain technology is used to strengthen the security of wireless sensing data in the network architecture of the Internet of Things (IoT). Blockchain technology can make data transfer in the IoT architecture more secure. The blockchain has several most important features. The first is its core tenet—decentralization. In order to emphasize the shared nature of the blockchain, users cannot rely on additional management agencies and hardware facilities to make it A central mechanism is required, so the data on each blockchain are stored on different clouds, accounting and storage are decentralized, and each node needs to self-verify, transmit and manage, this decentralization is the block The most prominent and core essential feature of the chain. Blockchain technology can be said to be the most disruptive innovative technology since the Internet era. It relies on complex cryptography to encrypt data, and then through ingenious mathematical decentralized algorithms, the most worrying security and trust issues on the Internet can be solved. It allows users to reach a consensus without the need for third-party intervention, and solves the problems of trust and data value on the Internet at a very low cost.

Another major feature of the blockchain is its "non-tampering". Once written, each piece of data in the blockchain cannot be changed. As long as the data is verified, it will be permanently written into the block. The technology is through the Hash algorithm, through a one-to-one function to ensure that the data will not be easily tampered with, this function can be easily verified but very difficult to crack. Even the blockchain hash value cannot be easily deduced from the original value, and the data cannot be tampered with. The value obtained from each block will also be put into the next block, so that the data between the blockchains are also correctly guaranteed.

Prof. Dr. Sung-Jung Hsiao
Prof. Dr. Wen-Tsai Sung
Guest Editors

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Keywords

  • artificial intelligence
  • blockchain
  • cloud computing
  • wireless sensor network
  • deep learning
  • fuzzy logics
  • internet of things
  • machine learning
  • 5G

Published Papers (3 papers)

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Research

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19 pages, 4505 KiB  
Article
LoRaTRUST: Blockchain-Enabled Trust and Accountability Service for IoT Data
by Pedro Vilchez, Saulo Jacques, Felix Freitag and Roc Meseguer
Electronics 2023, 12(9), 1996; https://doi.org/10.3390/electronics12091996 - 25 Apr 2023
Cited by 1 | Viewed by 1168
Abstract
Environmental monitoring is a growing application of the Internet of Things. The low cost of the sensor nodes, LoRa connectivity, and increased awareness of environmental issues have motivated many citizens to participate in open IoT monitoring applications. However, the value of these applications [...] Read more.
Environmental monitoring is a growing application of the Internet of Things. The low cost of the sensor nodes, LoRa connectivity, and increased awareness of environmental issues have motivated many citizens to participate in open IoT monitoring applications. However, the value of these applications for decision makers is limited since the data from the IoT sensors do not have sufficient guarantees to be trusted. In this paper, we introduce a new concept that attributes value to both IoT data and devices, such as sensor nodes and gateways, and leverage distributed ledger technology to enable a data trust system. A first design decision was to assign Ethereum addresses with their associated public and private key pairs to all actors. This allows the authentication of data senders and hence the accounting for the contribution of each participant. Secondly, we introduce an auditor to validate the received IoT data. The results of these audits increase the trust in the quality of the data. We present the architectural components that we designed to enhance trust in open IoT monitoring applications and present an operational prototype to show the feasibility of the implementation. By achieving both trust in the data and accounting of contributions for giving rewards, open participatory IoT monitoring applications can become both valuable and sustainable. Then, trusted open monitoring may complement commercial solutions as a technical and economic alternative for addressing the increasing environmental monitoring needs of our society. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Blockchain Technology Is Applied in the IoT System)
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18 pages, 4086 KiB  
Article
Review and Development of a Scalable Lightweight Blockchain Integrated Model (LightBlock) for IoT Applications
by Moamin A. Mahmoud, Mathuri Gurunathan, Ramona Ramli, Kazeem Alasinrin Babatunde and Faisal Hadi Faisal
Electronics 2023, 12(4), 1025; https://doi.org/10.3390/electronics12041025 - 18 Feb 2023
Cited by 1 | Viewed by 1675
Abstract
The Internet of things (IoT) is on the rise, and it is increasingly becoming a ubiquitous computing service that requires large data storage and processing. Due to the limited capabilities of most IoT devices, they always rely on cloud services for storage and [...] Read more.
The Internet of things (IoT) is on the rise, and it is increasingly becoming a ubiquitous computing service that requires large data storage and processing. Due to the limited capabilities of most IoT devices, they always rely on cloud services for storage and computing, posing security and privacy risks. Due to its significant aspects, such as data security and privacy, Blockchain (BC) has drawn significant interest in alleviating these concerns. Despite its potential benefits, Blockchain’s high complexity and limited scalability make it computationally expensive and incompatible with IoT devices requiring lightweight solutions. Although several models have been proposed for this purpose, the issue is still far from being resolved. These models have significant constraints, such as resource optimization during operation. By presenting a scalable lightweight Blockchain integrated model (LightBlock), the primary objective of this work is to enable the usage of BC in the IoT environment. LightBlock is implemented by optimizing the components of a lightweight, scalable Blockchain. Lastly, the study’s findings should provide IoT users with a high level of security and privacy by ensuring applicability and offering end-to-end security. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Blockchain Technology Is Applied in the IoT System)
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Review

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17 pages, 2512 KiB  
Review
Blockchain Application Analysis Based on IoT Data Flow
by Juxia Li, Xing Zhang and Wei Shi
Electronics 2022, 11(23), 3907; https://doi.org/10.3390/electronics11233907 - 26 Nov 2022
Cited by 1 | Viewed by 2328
Abstract
In the Internet of Things (IoT) system, data leakage can easily occur due to the differing security of edge devices and the different processing methods of data in the transmission process. Blockchain technology has the advantages of good non-tamperability, decentralization, de-trust, openness, and [...] Read more.
In the Internet of Things (IoT) system, data leakage can easily occur due to the differing security of edge devices and the different processing methods of data in the transmission process. Blockchain technology has the advantages of good non-tamperability, decentralization, de-trust, openness, and transparency, and it can protect data security on the Internet of Things. This research integrates the means by which data flow can be combined with blockchain technology to prevent privacy leakage throughout the entire transportation process from sender to receiver. Through a keyword search of the last five years, 94 related papers in Web of Science and IEEE Xplore were extracted and the complex papers and frameworks explained using a reconstruction graph. The data processing process is divided into five modules: data encryption, data access control, data expansion, data storage, and data visualization. A total of 11 methods combining blockchain technology to process IoT data were summarized. The blockchain application technology in the IoT field was summarized objectively and comprehensively, and a new perspective for studying IoT data flow was given. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Blockchain Technology Is Applied in the IoT System)
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