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Electronics
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Radar System and Radar Signal Processing
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Radar System and Radar Signal Processing

A special issue of Electronics (ISSN 2079-9292). This special issue belongs to the section "Circuit and Signal Processing".

Deadline for manuscript submissions: closed (16 December 2024) | Viewed by 9510

Special Issue Editor

Dr. Fei Wang

E-Mail Website
Guest Editor
School of Software Engineering, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an 710049, China
Interests: machine learning; deep learning; sensors; signal processing
Special Issues, Collections and Topics in MDPI journals

Special Issue Information

Dear Colleagues,

At present, radars play a crucial role in various sectors including defense, meteorology, aviation, space exploration, automobile safety, and human–computer interaction. The aim of this Special Issue is to present the latest research results in the area of radar systems and radar signal processing techniques as a response to the growing demand for radars.

In this Special Issue, original research articles and reviews are welcome. Research areas may include (but are not limited to) the following:

  • Advances in novel radar systems including Cognitive Radar, MIMO Radar, Quantum Radar, Synthetic Aperture Radar, etc.;
  • Radar signal processing;
  • Algorithms for real-time radar processing;
  • Machine Learning and AI in Radar;
  • Radar applications;
  • Toolboxes for radar signal processing;
  • Novel radar datasets;
  • Literature reviews, benchmarks, and empirical study on radar systems and radar signals.

We look forward to receiving your contributions.

Dr. Fei Wang
Guest Editor

Manuscript Submission Information

Manuscripts should be submitted online at www.mdpi.com by registering and logging in to this website. Once you are registered, click here to go to the submission form. Manuscripts can be submitted until the deadline. All submissions that pass pre-check are peer-reviewed. Accepted papers will be published continuously in the journal (as soon as accepted) and will be listed together on the special issue website. Research articles, review articles as well as short communications are invited. For planned papers, a title and short abstract (about 100 words) can be sent to the Editorial Office for announcement on this website.

Submitted manuscripts should not have been published previously, nor be under consideration for publication elsewhere (except conference proceedings papers). All manuscripts are thoroughly refereed through a single-blind peer-review process. A guide for authors and other relevant information for submission of manuscripts is available on the Instructions for Authors page. Electronics is an international peer-reviewed open access semimonthly journal published by MDPI.

Please visit the Instructions for Authors page before submitting a manuscript. The Article Processing Charge (APC) for publication in this open access journal is 2400 CHF (Swiss Francs). Submitted papers should be well formatted and use good English. Authors may use MDPI's English editing service prior to publication or during author revisions.

Keywords

  • radar systems
  • radar signal processing
  • radar applications
  • radar algorithms
  • radar dataset
  • radar benchmarks
  • radar toolboxes

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Published Papers (5 papers)

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Research

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16 pages, 4014 KiB  
Article
Radio Front-End for Frequency Agile Microwave Photonic Radars
by Aljaž Blatnik, Luka Zmrzlak and Boštjan Batagelj
Electronics 2024, 13(23), 4662; https://doi.org/10.3390/electronics13234662 - 26 Nov 2024
Viewed by 1314
Abstract
Recent advancements in photonic integrated circuits (PICs) have paved the way for a new era of frequency-agile coherent radar systems. Unlike traditional all-electronic RF radar techniques, fully photonic systems offer superior performance, overcoming bandwidth limitations and noise degradation when operating across S (2–4 [...] Read more.
Recent advancements in photonic integrated circuits (PICs) have paved the way for a new era of frequency-agile coherent radar systems. Unlike traditional all-electronic RF radar techniques, fully photonic systems offer superior performance, overcoming bandwidth limitations and noise degradation when operating across S (2–4 GHz), X (8–12 GHz), and K-band (12–40 GHz) frequencies. They also exhibit excellent phase noise performance, even at frequencies exceeding 20 GHz. However, current state-of-the-art PICs still suffer from high processing losses in the optical domain, necessitating careful design of the electrical RF domain. This study delves into the critical challenges of designing RF front-ends for microwave photonic radars, including stability, noise minimization, and intermodulation distortion reduction. To demonstrate the feasibility of the proposed design, a functional prototype is constructed, achieving a total power gain of 107 dB (radar system at 10 GHz) while minimizing signal noise degradation. Furthermore, a comprehensive demonstration of the RF front-end, encompassing both optical RF signal generation and experimental measurements of a rotor blade’s Doppler fingerprint with 0.5 Hz resolution, validates the proposed system’s performance. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Radar System and Radar Signal Processing)
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23 pages, 26736 KiB  
Article
Challenges in Ground-Penetrating Radar Application in Structural Elements: Determination of the Dielectric Constant of Glued Laminated Timber Case Study
by Damir Varevac, Ivica Guljaš, Irena Ištoka Otković and Dorijan Radočaj
Electronics 2024, 13(18), 3718; https://doi.org/10.3390/electronics13183718 - 19 Sep 2024
Cited by 1 | Viewed by 1405
Abstract
In this paper, some of the basic information on Ground-Penetrating Radar (GPR), its applications (especially in the field of civil engineering) and limitations are presented. As a non-destructive technique, GPR is a powerful tool for the investigation of structures and structural members, roads, [...] Read more.
In this paper, some of the basic information on Ground-Penetrating Radar (GPR), its applications (especially in the field of civil engineering) and limitations are presented. As a non-destructive technique, GPR is a powerful tool for the investigation of structures and structural members, roads, geological layers, archaeological sites and many more. The technology is based on electromagnetic radiation in the UHF/VHF range (10 MHz to 3 GHz). The choice of the frequency depends on the intended use, depth and size of the target and medium where the target is located. Joined with other testing methods (ultrasound method, dynamic methods with forced or ambient vibrations, electrical conductivity testing, etc.), GPR can provide a deep insight into the investigated object. However, like many other non-destructive methods, the choice of input parameters may affect the results. In this regard, a case study presented in this paper demonstrates not only different applications of GPR in civil engineering but also the determination (calibration) of one of those input parameters: the dielectric constant of glued laminated timber. The challenge here was not only to investigate the influence of the direction of measurements with regards to the direction of the fibers but also to acknowledge the contribution of the test antenna used during testing and dielectric constant calibration. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Radar System and Radar Signal Processing)
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11 pages, 1875 KiB  
Communication
A Novel Weighted Block Sparse DOA Estimation Based on Signal Subspace under Unknown Mutual Coupling
by Yulong Liu, Yingzeng Yin, Hongmin Lu and Kuan Tong
Electronics 2024, 13(9), 1790; https://doi.org/10.3390/electronics13091790 - 6 May 2024
Cited by 1 | Viewed by 1011
Abstract
In this paper, a novel weighted block sparse method based on the signal subspace is proposed to realize the Direction-of-Arrival (DOA) estimation under unknown mutual coupling in the uniform linear array. Firstly, the signal subspace is obtained by decomposing the eigenvalues of the [...] Read more.
In this paper, a novel weighted block sparse method based on the signal subspace is proposed to realize the Direction-of-Arrival (DOA) estimation under unknown mutual coupling in the uniform linear array. Firstly, the signal subspace is obtained by decomposing the eigenvalues of the sampling covariance matrix. Then, a block sparse model is established based on the deformation of the product of the mutual coupling matrix and the steering vector. Secondly, a suitable set of weighted coefficients is calculated to enhance sparsity. Finally, the optimization problem is transformed into a second-order cone (SOC) problem and solved. Compared with other algorithms, the simulation results of this paper have better performance on DOA accuracy estimation. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Radar System and Radar Signal Processing)
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20 pages, 12030 KiB  
Article
S2S-Sim: A Benchmark Dataset for Ship Cooperative 3D Object Detection
by Wenbin Yang, Xinzhi Wang, Xiangfeng Luo, Shaorong Xie and Junxi Chen
Electronics 2024, 13(5), 885; https://doi.org/10.3390/electronics13050885 - 26 Feb 2024
Cited by 6 | Viewed by 2135
Abstract
The rapid development of vehicle cooperative 3D object-detection technology has significantly improved the perception capabilities of autonomous driving systems. However, ship cooperative perception technology has received limited research attention compared to autonomous driving, primarily due to the lack of appropriate ship cooperative perception [...] Read more.
The rapid development of vehicle cooperative 3D object-detection technology has significantly improved the perception capabilities of autonomous driving systems. However, ship cooperative perception technology has received limited research attention compared to autonomous driving, primarily due to the lack of appropriate ship cooperative perception datasets. To address this gap, this paper proposes S2S-sim, a novel ship cooperative perception dataset. Ship navigation scenarios were constructed using Unity3D, and accurate ship models were incorporated while simulating sensor parameters of real LiDAR sensors to collect data. The dataset comprises three typical ship navigation scenarios, including ports, islands, and open waters, featuring common ship classes such as container ships, bulk carriers, and cruise ships. It consists of 7000 frames with 96,881 annotated ship bounding boxes. Leveraging this dataset, we assess the performance of mainstream vehicle cooperative perception models when transferred to ship cooperative perception scenes. Furthermore, considering the characteristics of ship navigation data, we propose a regional clustering fusion-based ship cooperative 3D object-detection method. Experimental results demonstrate that our approach achieves state-of-the-art performance in 3D ship object detection, indicating its suitability for ship cooperative perception. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Radar System and Radar Signal Processing)
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Review

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16 pages, 7524 KiB  
Review
CMOS IC Solutions for the 77 GHz Radar Sensor in Automotive Applications
by Giuseppe Papotto, Alessandro Parisi, Alessandro Finocchiaro, Claudio Nocera, Andrea Cavarra, Alessandro Castorina and Giuseppe Palmisano
Electronics 2024, 13(11), 2104; https://doi.org/10.3390/electronics13112104 - 28 May 2024
Cited by 2 | Viewed by 2263
Abstract
This paper presents recent results on CMOS integrated circuits for automotive radar sensor applications in the 77 GHz frequency band. It is well demonstrated that nano-scale CMOS technologies are the best solution for the implementation of low-cost and high-performance mm-wave radar sensors since [...] Read more.
This paper presents recent results on CMOS integrated circuits for automotive radar sensor applications in the 77 GHz frequency band. It is well demonstrated that nano-scale CMOS technologies are the best solution for the implementation of low-cost and high-performance mm-wave radar sensors since they provide high integration level besides supporting high-speed digital processing. The present work is mainly focused on the RF front-end and summarizes the most stringent requirements of both short/medium- and long-range radar applications. After a brief introduction of the adopted technology, the paper addresses the critical building blocks of the receiver and transmitter chain while discussing crucial design aspects to meet the final performance. Specifically, effective circuit topologies are presented, which concern mixer, variable-gain amplifier, and filter for the receiver, as well as frequency doubler and power amplifier for the transmitter. Moreover, a voltage-controlled oscillator for a PLL efficiently covering the two radar bands is described. Finally, the circuit description is accompanied by experimental results of an integrated implementation in a 28 nm fully depleted silicon-on-insulator CMOS technology. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Radar System and Radar Signal Processing)
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