Functional Ecology of Soil and Aquatic Microorganisms

A special issue of Diversity (ISSN 1424-2818). This special issue belongs to the section "Microbial Diversity and Culture Collections".

Deadline for manuscript submissions: 30 September 2026 | Viewed by 1878

Editors

School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Changzhou University, Changzhou, China
Interests: plants can recruit soil microorganisms into the rhizosphere when experiencing various environmental stresses, including biotic (e.g., insect pests) and abiotic (e.g., heavy metal pollution, droughts, floods, and salinity) stresses; species coexis

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Guest Editor
Forestry College, Central South University of Forestry and Technology, Changsha, China
Interests: soil microbiology; soil carbon sequestration; forest soil fertility maintenance; forest soil nutrient cycling; soil ecology
Special Issues, Collections and Topics in MDPI journals

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Guest Editor
Nakdonggang National Institute of Biological Resources (NNIBR), Sangju, Republic of Korea
Interests: diversity; microorganism
Special Issues, Collections and Topics in MDPI journals

Special Issue Information

Dear Colleagues,

Microorganisms in soil and aquatic environments represent the foundation of ecosystem functioning, driving critical biogeochemical cycles, nutrient transformation, and organic matter decomposition. Despite their small size, these microbial communities exhibit remarkable functional diversity and play irreplaceable roles in maintaining ecosystem health and sustainability. Understanding the functional ecology of these microorganisms and their traits, interactions, and activities in response to environmental changes has become increasingly important in the context of global climate change, anthropogenic disturbances, and ecosystem degradation.

Recent advances in molecular techniques and high-throughput sequencing have revolutionized our ability to characterize microbial communities and their functional potential across diverse habitats. However, significant knowledge gaps remain regarding the mechanistic links between microbial diversity, community structure, and ecosystem functions. The complex interactions between soil and aquatic microorganisms and their environment require integrated approaches combining ecological theory, advanced methodologies, and field observations.

This Special Issue aims to showcase cutting-edge research on the functional ecology of soil and aquatic microorganisms, emphasizing their roles in ecosystem processes, responses to environmental stressors, and applications in ecosystem management and restoration. We welcome original research, reviews, and perspectives that advance our understanding of microbial functional ecology across different spatial and temporal scales.

Dr. Xian Xiao
Dr. Lijun Chen
Dr. Ahyoung Choi
Guest Editors

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Keywords

  • functional ecology
  • soil microorganisms
  • aquatic microorganisms
  • microbial diversity
  • ecosystem functioning
  • biogeochemical cycles
  • climate change

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Published Papers (2 papers)

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Research

21 pages, 3739 KB  
Article
Comparison of Soil Microbial Communities Across Three Natural Forest Stands Differing in Canopy Composition and Stand Age in the Greater Khingan Mountains, Northeast China
by Kaiquan Zhang, Shiqing Zhao, Yuxin Fu, Simiao Sun, Jiaqian Ouyang, Yilin Wang, Xin Sui and Mai-He Li
Diversity 2026, 18(6), 325; https://doi.org/10.3390/d18060325 - 29 May 2026
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Abstract
Cold-temperate forest ecosystems in northeastern China have experienced significant changes due to long-term anthropogenic disturbances. To elucidate how different natural forest stands influence the structure, function, and assembly processes of soil microbial communities, we performed 16S rRNA and ITS amplicon sequencing (n [...] Read more.
Cold-temperate forest ecosystems in northeastern China have experienced significant changes due to long-term anthropogenic disturbances. To elucidate how different natural forest stands influence the structure, function, and assembly processes of soil microbial communities, we performed 16S rRNA and ITS amplicon sequencing (n = 3 plots per stand) across three natural stands in Northeast China: a 10-year-old natural poplar forest (A1), a 20-year-old natural larch mixed forest (A2), and a 40-year-old natural spruce-pine mixed forest (A3). The results demonstrated that significant variations in aboveground vegetation were accompanied by significant differences in soil physicochemical properties. Specifically, soil organic carbon (SOC) and total nitrogen (TN) were significantly lower in A1 compared to the coniferous stands (p < 0.05). While α-diversity remained stable across stands (p > 0.05), β-diversity revealed distinct community structures (PERMANOVA, p < 0.05). Neutral Community Model (NCM) analyses indicated a shift in bacterial assembly from a stronger stochastic influence in A1 (R2 = 0.431) to a more prominent deterministic influence in A3 (R2 = 0.188). Because stand age and canopy composition co-vary in our sampling design, we cannot fully disentangle their individual contributions. This comparative observational study reveals distinct soil microbial community structures across the three natural forest types. The transition across forest stands was associated with shifts in dominant microbial taxa and a tendency toward stronger deterministic assembly processes in coniferous stands. These patterns are consistent with differences in litter quality and soil physicochemical properties, providing observational evidence that may inform sustainable management of cold-temperate forests. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Functional Ecology of Soil and Aquatic Microorganisms)
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14 pages, 7476 KB  
Article
Oligotrophic–Mesotrophic Divergence Shapes Plastisphere Bacterial Assemblages in Drinking-Water Source Reservoirs
by Shuwen Ma, Weihao Li, Liwen Zhong, Youde Yang, Yutong Wu, Jiayi Yang, Yuan Zhao, Min Ai and Xian Xiao
Diversity 2026, 18(5), 271; https://doi.org/10.3390/d18050271 - 1 May 2026
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Abstract
Microplastics in freshwater environments provide persistent substrates for microbial colonization, forming the plastisphere. However, how trophic conditions shape plastisphere bacterial communities in drinking-water source reservoirs remains poorly understood. In this study, nine major drinking-water source reservoirs in Longyan City, Fujian Province, China, were [...] Read more.
Microplastics in freshwater environments provide persistent substrates for microbial colonization, forming the plastisphere. However, how trophic conditions shape plastisphere bacterial communities in drinking-water source reservoirs remains poorly understood. In this study, nine major drinking-water source reservoirs in Longyan City, Fujian Province, China, were investigated. Water quality measurements, trophic state assessment, and 16S rRNA gene amplicon sequencing were combined to characterize plastisphere bacterial communities across oligotrophic and mesotrophic reservoirs. The comprehensive trophic level index classified four reservoirs as mesotrophic and five as oligotrophic. Bacterial alpha diversity indices showed no significant trophic-dependent pattern, whereas PERMANOVA revealed significant compositional divergence between trophic groups (p < 0.01). Electrical conductivity, pH, and dissolved oxygen were the strongest correlates of community variation. Mesotrophic reservoirs were enriched in Bacillota and Bacteroidota, with biomarkers mainly affiliated with Comamonadaceae, while oligotrophic reservoirs harbored more diverse biomarkers dominated by Pseudomonadota and Cyanobacteriota. Functional prediction indicated that only aliphatic non-methane hydrocarbon degradation differed significantly between trophic groups, whereas nitrogen-cycling functions showed no significant divergence. These findings demonstrate that trophic status acts as a significant environmental filter shaping plastisphere community structure in drinking-water source reservoirs, even within a narrow oligotrophic-to-mesotrophic gradient, providing new insights for ecological risk assessment of microplastics in source-water ecosystems. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Functional Ecology of Soil and Aquatic Microorganisms)
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