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New Possibilities for Digital Diagnosis and Planning in Dentistry

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A special issue of Diagnostics (ISSN 2075-4418). This special issue belongs to the section "Medical Imaging and Theranostics".

Deadline for manuscript submissions: closed (31 August 2025) | Viewed by 11742

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Special Issue Editor

Dr. Rodolfo Reda

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Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Sciences, Sapienza University, University of Rome, 00161 Rome, Italy
Interests: dental imaging; prosthodontic; implant surgery; endodontics
Special Issues, Collections and Topics in MDPI journals

Special Issue Information

Dear Colleagues,

The objective of this Special Issue is to update researchers and professionals interested in the New Possibilities for Digital Diagnosis and Planning in Dentistry. Digital diagnosis is particularly attractive both for a professional who is able to quickly communicate with other specialists and/or professionals in his own sector and in a similar sector, even very distant ones in a short time. Furthermore, it is also very interesting from the point of view of the patient's interest in therapy, which if simulated in its entirety is made more easily understandable from certain points of view that stimulate the patient. Current diagnostic tools allow us to obtain a lot of information during the first visit and often also reduce the radiation dose that is administered to the patient to complete the diagnostic phase of the therapeutic process. The ability to quickly superimpose different tests has greatly facilitated the ability to make diagnoses and plan and execute complex treatment plans. Starting from the digital impression, and from the simulators of prosthetic/orthodontic treatments that derive from it, arriving at the wide FOV low-dose imaging technologies allow us to frame a complex surgical, prosthetic case with a single diagnostic exam and with limited patient exposure to radiation dose. The possibilities that are currently offered to the clinician significantly increase his ability to provide diagnoses and treatments, facilitated by the production methods of prosthetic rehabilitations in materials designed and created in a short time with often complete digital flows. I hope that this Special Issue can represent a meeting point between different specialists of the Facial Massif, allowing the rapid dissemination of knowledge and a stimulating comparison between professionals and researchers in this area.

Dr. Rodolfo Reda
Guest Editor

Manuscript Submission Information

Manuscripts should be submitted online at www.mdpi.com by registering and logging in to this website. Once you are registered, click here to go to the submission form. Manuscripts can be submitted until the deadline. All submissions that pass pre-check are peer-reviewed. Accepted papers will be published continuously in the journal (as soon as accepted) and will be listed together on the special issue website. Research articles, review articles as well as short communications are invited. For planned papers, a title and short abstract (about 250 words) can be sent to the Editorial Office for assessment.

Submitted manuscripts should not have been published previously, nor be under consideration for publication elsewhere (except conference proceedings papers). All manuscripts are thoroughly refereed through a single-blind peer-review process. A guide for authors and other relevant information for submission of manuscripts is available on the Instructions for Authors page. Diagnostics is an international peer-reviewed open access semimonthly journal published by MDPI.

Please visit the Instructions for Authors page before submitting a manuscript. The Article Processing Charge (APC) for publication in this open access journal is 2600 CHF (Swiss Francs). Submitted papers should be well formatted and use good English. Authors may use MDPI's English editing service prior to publication or during author revisions.

Keywords

dental imaging
CBCT
MRI
scan
digital impression
digital plan
digital guide
CAD-CAM
manufacturing

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Published Papers (5 papers)

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14 pages, 714 KB

Open AccessArticle

Is Digital Maxillary Model Scanning Reliable in Individuals with Unilateral Cleft Lip and Palate?

by Elif Merve Mavi, Ozge Uslu-Akcam and Mehmet Okan Akcam

Diagnostics 2025, 15(20), 2553; https://doi.org/10.3390/diagnostics15202553 - 10 Oct 2025

Viewed by 695

Abstract

Objective: To evaluate the measurements made on digital scans of maxillary plaster models in comparison with those obtained directly with a digital caliper on plaster models obtained from individuals with unilateral cleft lip and palate. Methods: This study included 42 unilateral cleft lip and palate cases and a control group of 43 Angle Class I cases. The research material consisted of maxillary orthodontic plaster models obtained from these individuals and three-dimensional digital models obtained by scanning these models with a 3 Shape Trios scanner. A total of 12 anatomic reference points were used and six transverse dimension parameters were measured. The differences between the two groups were examined with a Student’s t-test. Intraclass correlation coefficients were calculated for repeatability and similarity evaluations. Results: Significant differences were found between the CLP and control groups for all parameters, with smaller values obtained in the CLP group. In the CLP group, when comparing the asymmetry of the right and left regions in the 3 Shape model, significant differences were observed regarding all parameters (p < 0.05); furthermore, there was a significant difference between the CLP and control groups (p < 0.05) in the asymmetry comparison. In both groups, there was no statistically significant difference in the measured parameters between the 3 Shape and digital caliper measurements. Conclusions: The measurements obtained after scanning plaster models from CLP individuals with the 3 Shape digital scanner are acceptable and reliable. It can be concluded that the transfer of CLP patients’ archived plaster models to the digital environment is reliable regarding scientific research and clinical measurements. Full article

(This article belongs to the Special Issue New Possibilities for Digital Diagnosis and Planning in Dentistry)

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6 pages, 805 KB

Open AccessCommunication

Accuracy of Motion Trajectory Achieved with an Intraoral Scanner: An In Vitro Study with a Proof-of-Concept

by Hwa Jung Lee and Kyung Chul Oh

Diagnostics 2024, 14(23), 2713; https://doi.org/10.3390/diagnostics14232713 - 1 Dec 2024

Cited by 2 | Viewed by 1615

Abstract

Background: With the advancement of digital technology, it has become possible to record jaw motion using intraoral scanners. However, there is a paucity of studies evaluating their accuracy. Methods: Twelve sets of scan data from 12 individuals were additively manufactured using a 3D printer and 3D-printable material. Each pair of scan data was mounted onto a semi-adjustable articulator. A blue articulating paper was inserted between the mounted models, and the pin of the articulator was moved to simulate motion (ART group). Subsequently, intraoral scan data were obtained, and the movements of the articulator were recorded. The trajectory expressed in the intraoral scanner software (TRIOS3; 3Shape A/S, Copenhagen, Denmark) appeared red on the monitor screen (IOS group). The blue and red areas in the ART and IOS groups, respectively, were measured in pixels for each tooth type, and the number of trajectories marked or expressed for each tooth type was counted. Results: Regarding the areas of trajectory, significant differences were observed between the ART and IOS groups across all tooth types. Statistically significant differences were also noted in the number of trajectories for the first premolars and first molars between the two groups. Conclusions: Intraoral scanners may not accurately reproduce motion movements at the current level of technology. However, these results should be interpreted with caution because defining the trajectory accuracy between the two groups is challenging unless the (two) trajectories are exactly the same. Full article

(This article belongs to the Special Issue New Possibilities for Digital Diagnosis and Planning in Dentistry)

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10 pages, 2353 KB

Open AccessArticle

The Effect of Image Count on Accuracy in Digital Measurements in Dentistry

by Neslihan Güntekin, Aslı Çiftçi, Mehmet Gözen and Sema Ateşalp İleri

Diagnostics 2024, 14(19), 2122; https://doi.org/10.3390/diagnostics14192122 - 25 Sep 2024

Cited by 5 | Viewed by 2428

Abstract

Objective: This study investigated how the number of images collected for digital measurements in dentistry affects accuracy compared with traditional methods. Methods: A Frasaco maxillary model was scanned using a SHINING 3D AutoScan-DS-MIX dental 3D scanner to create an STL file. The maxilla was molded 10 times using polyvinyl siloxane (Zhermack Elite HD+) to produce plaster models, which were scanned with the same reference scanner to generate 10 STL files. The Frasaco model was scanned 10 times, capturing images in intervals of 800–1000, 1000–1200, and 1200–1500 using a 3Shape TRIOS 3 intraoral scanner, creating additional STL files. These were analyzed with reverse engineering software. Results: The most accurate measurements were obtained using 1200–1500 images. Conventional impression techniques performed significantly worse. There was a significant difference between the groups Digital 1200–1500 and Plaster (p < 0.001) and between Digital 800–1000 and Plaster (p = 0.007). No significant difference was found when the digital groups were compared among themselves. There was also no significant difference between the Plaster and Digital 1000–1200 groups. To compare precision values that were normally distributed across three or more methods, a one-way ANOVA was used. Trueness values that were not normally distributed with three or more methods were compared employing the Kruskal–Wallis test. Conclusions: Different image counts affect digital measurement accuracy. The most accurate measurements were obtained when collecting 1200–1500 images. Conventional impression techniques were shown to perform significantly worse than digital impression. Full article

(This article belongs to the Special Issue New Possibilities for Digital Diagnosis and Planning in Dentistry)

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7 pages, 846 KB

Open AccessArticle

Avoiding Sinus Floor Elevation by Placing a Palatally Angled Implant: A Morphological Study Using Cross-Sectional Analysis Determined by CBCT

by Doğan Ilgaz Kaya, Samed Şatır, Beyza Öztaş and Hasan Yıldırım

Diagnostics 2024, 14(12), 1242; https://doi.org/10.3390/diagnostics14121242 - 13 Jun 2024

Cited by 4 | Viewed by 1872

Abstract

Backgrounds: Tooth loss in the posterior maxilla often necessitates dental implant placement, but the maxillary sinus anatomy poses challenges, especially during sinus floor elevation. Mesially angled implants are an alternative for total edentulism, but for single tooth deficiencies, palatally angled implants may offer a solution. This study evaluates the prevalence of avoiding sinus floor elevation by placing palatally angled implants in cases with a single missing tooth. Methods: A retrospective study at Ahmet Keleşoğlu Faculty of Dentistry involved 100 participants with a single missing tooth and prior CBCT scans. Virtual implants were placed using OnDemand3D (version 1.0.7462) software. On CBCT sections, implants were angled palatally to avoid sinus or nasal cavity perforation. Statistical analysis was conducted using R and MedCalc (version 4.3.2) software. Results: Of the participants (60% female, average age 50.45), 76 edentulous regions required sinus elevation. The implant placeability rates varied across zones (second molar: 39.3%, first molar: 63.1%, second premolar: 78.5%). Implant placement at a palatal angle was significantly higher in the second premolar and first molar regions. Statistically significant differences were observed in the implant placeability between regions. Conclusions: This study supports the feasibility of avoiding sinus floor elevation through palatally angled implants in specific cases, reducing the associated complications. Full article

(This article belongs to the Special Issue New Possibilities for Digital Diagnosis and Planning in Dentistry)

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18 pages, 1205 KB

Open AccessSystematic Review

Dimensional Accuracy of Intraoral Scanners in Recording Digital Impressions of Post and Core Preparations: A Systematic Review

by Saeed M. Alqahtani, Mohammed Salman Almalki, Mai Almarzouki, Saad Saleh AlResayes, Nisreen Nabiel Hassan, Arwa Jaber I. Mohana, Majed S. Altoman and Mohammed E. Sayed

Diagnostics 2024, 14(24), 2890; https://doi.org/10.3390/diagnostics14242890 - 23 Dec 2024

Cited by 1 | Viewed by 4220

Abstract

Background: This study aims to perform a review by selecting, analyzing, and evaluating articles that discuss the accuracy of intraoral scanners (IOSs) in recording post space compared to conventional impression-making techniques. Methods: The review question framed using the PITR framework (participant, index test, targeted condition, and reference standard) is as follows: What is the dimensional accuracy (T) of impressions made using intraoral scanners (I) for post space (P) compared to impressions made using conventional techniques and digitalized using extraoral scanners (R)? Four electronic databases were searched using pre-set keywords. The guidelines and strategies recommended by PRISMA formed the basis for planning, executing, and documenting this systematic review. QUADAS-2 was used to critically analyze the quality of all the selected articles. Results: After excluding ineligible articles, the end synthesis has nine studies (n = 9) for qualitative analysis. All nine evaluated studies were found to be at risk of bias, with high or unclear risk in one or more domains. Three out of nine evaluated studies had unclear concerns regarding the applicability, and the remaining six had low concerns. In all the included studies, the IOSs were reported to have deviations in accuracy compared to the conventional techniques for making digital impressions of post space. Conclusions: The accuracy of IOSs was found to be inversely proportional to the length of post space and directly proportional to the diameter of post space. IOSs, when used adequately in short post spaces, can be an alternative to conventional impression-making for making custom posts and cores. Full article

(This article belongs to the Special Issue New Possibilities for Digital Diagnosis and Planning in Dentistry)

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